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Due to its extraordinary predictive power and the great generality
of its mathematical structure, quantum theory is able, at least in
principle, to describe all the microscopic and macroscopic
properties of the physical world, from the subatomic to the
cosmological level. Nevertheless, ever since the Copen hagen and
Gottingen schools in 1927 gave it the definitive formu lation, now
commonly known as the orthodox interpretation, the theory has
suffered from very serious logical and epistemologi cal problems.
These shortcomings were immediately pointed out by some of the
principal founders themselves of quantum theory, to wit, Planck,
Einstein, Ehrenfest, Schrodinger, and de Broglie, and by the
philosopher Karl Popper, who assumed a position of radical
criticism with regard to the standard formulation of the theory.
The aim of the participants in the workshop on Open Questions in
Quantum Physics, which was held in Bari (Italy), in the Department
of Physics of the University, during May 1983 and whose Proceedings
are collected in the present volume, accord ingly was to discuss
the formal, the physical and the epistemo logical difficulties of
quantum theory in the light of recent crucial developments and to
propose some possible resolutions of three basic conceptual
dilemmas, which are posed respectively ~: (a) the physical
developments of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen argument and Bell's
theorem, i. e.
For three days in April of 1985, Cesena (Italy) was the scene of a
national conference which was convened, by the Assessorato alia
Cultura of this town under the auspices of the Societa Italiana di
Logica e Filosofia delle Scienze (SILFS), in order to celebrate two
historical milestones: the centenary of the birth of Niels Bohr,
who was to become the leader of the orthodox, or Copenhagen,
interpretation of quantum theory, and the fiftieth anniversary of
the publication of the most influential challenge to this
interpretation which was contained in the well-known paper
coauthored by Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen. The proceedings of the
Cesena meeting, which are collected in the present volume, are
intended to provide an exhaustive and panoramic view of the most
recent investigations carried out by Italian scientists and philo
sophers engaged in research on the foundations of quantum physics.
What emerges is a critical review of, and alternative approaches
to, the orthodox interpretation of the Copenhagen school."
Quantum mechanics has reached maturity as an a wesome scientific
theory, and undeniably no experiment has so far produced any result
conflic ting with its predictions. Nevertheless, an increasing
number of scholars are seriously questioning the limits of this
discipline's validity, a fact that is eloquently attested to by the
four international conferences devoted to the foundations of
quantum theory which were held in 1987 alone - in Joensuu, Vienna,
Gdansk, and Delphi, respectively. There is an increa ing awareness
that the founding fathers of quantum mechanics have left behind a
theory which, though spectacularly successful in its applications,
severely limits our intuitive understanding of the microworld, and
that their reasons for doing so were at least partly arbitrary and
open to question. The problem of the relationship between the
existing quantum theory and objective reality at the atomic and
subatomic levels can be tackled in essentially two ways: (i) One
may focus attention on the formalism of the theory and attempt to
deduce from it a coherent description of our measuring processes
and a deeper understanding of the microworld. Oi) Alternatively,
one may start from the experimental evidence and/or from models of
the objective reality compatible with it and go on to inves tigate
whether or not formalization of this knowledge can be accomodated
within the broad confines of existing quantum theory."
Due to its extraordinary predictive power and the great generality
of its mathematical structure, quantum theory is able, at least in
principle, to describe all the microscopic and macroscopic
properties of the physical world, from the subatomic to the
cosmological level. Nevertheless, ever since the Copen hagen and
Gottingen schools in 1927 gave it the definitive formu lation, now
commonly known as the orthodox interpretation, the theory has
suffered from very serious logical and epistemologi cal problems.
These shortcomings were immediately pointed out by some of the
principal founders themselves of quantum theory, to wit, Planck,
Einstein, Ehrenfest, Schrodinger, and de Broglie, and by the
philosopher Karl Popper, who assumed a position of radical
criticism with regard to the standard formulation of the theory.
The aim of the participants in the workshop on Open Questions in
Quantum Physics, which was held in Bari (Italy), in the Department
of Physics of the University, during May 1983 and whose Proceedings
are collected in the present volume, accord ingly was to discuss
the formal, the physical and the epistemo logical difficulties of
quantum theory in the light of recent crucial developments and to
propose some possible resolutions of three basic conceptual
dilemmas, which are posed respectively ~: (a) the physical
developments of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen argument and Bell's
theorem, i. e.
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