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Due to the Internet Revolution, human conversational data -- in
written forms -- are accumulating at a phenomenal rate. At the same
time, improvements in speech technology enable many spoken
conversations to be transcribed. Individuals and organizations
engage in email exchanges, face-to-face meetings, blogging, texting
and other social media activities. The advances in natural language
processing provide ample opportunities for these "informal
documents" to be analyzed and mined, thus creating numerous new and
valuable applications. This book presents a set of computational
methods to extract information from conversational data, and to
provide natural language summaries of the data. The book begins
with an overview of basic concepts, such as the differences between
extractive and abstractive summaries, and metrics for evaluating
the effectiveness of summarization and various extraction tasks. It
also describes some of the benchmark corpora used in the
literature. The book introduces extraction and mining methods for
performing subjectivity and sentiment detection, topic segmentation
and modeling, and the extraction of conversational structure. It
also describes frameworks for conducting dialogue act recognition,
decision and action item detection, and extraction of thread
structure. There is a specific focus on performing all these tasks
on conversational data, such as meeting transcripts (which
exemplify synchronous conversations) and emails (which exemplify
asynchronous conversations). Very recent approaches to deal with
blogs, discussion forums and microblogs (e.g., Twitter) are also
discussed. The second half of this book focuses on natural language
summarization of conversational data. It gives an overview of
several extractive and abstractive summarizers developed for
emails, meetings, blogs and forums. It also describes attempts for
building multi-modal summarizers. Last but not least, the book
concludes with thoughts on topics for further development. Table of
Contents: Introduction / Background: Corpora and Evaluation Methods
/ Mining Text Conversations / Summarizing Text Conversations /
Conclusions / Final Thoughts
"Bad Boy Bubby" focuses on a 35 year-old man-child whose
'mother/keeper' keeps him imprisoned in a windowless hovel. From
the moment it entered the festival cycle in 1993, the film has
polarized audiences. This volume examines how and why the film
produced such conflicting responses, as well as reviewing its
current relevance.
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