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The proliferation of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
among women and children represents one of the gravest health
issues confronting contemporary society. Women, most of
childbearing age, now constitute 11 percent of all cases, and the
U.S. Public Health Service has projected over 3,000 cases of
pediatric AIDS by the end of 1991. In the face of these sobering
statistics, experts have been called upon to grapple with a
difficult, compelling question: under what conditions, if any,
should HIV testing of women and children be required? Also at issue
are the surreptitious testing for HIV antibodies as part of routine
prenatal and neonatal examinations, and whether such testing should
be performed on all women and infants, or only those who belong to
groups judged at "high risk." In this unique contribution to the
debate about HIV screening and testing, Ruth Faden, Madison Powers,
and Gail Geller have assembled perspectives from experts in public
health, medicine, law, and ethics. Their wide-ranging treatment
examines the history of prenatal and neonatal screening programs;
informed consent; legal issues and confidentiality; reproductive
decision-making; and numerous other aspects of HIV testing.
Alternative policy options for both now and the future are
discussed in detail. This volume provides a comprehensive analysis
of these pressing medical, public health, legal, ethical, and
social issues, and is essential reading for AIDS researchers and
clinicians, public health specialists, ethicists, health
policymakers and analysts, obstetricians, and pediatricians.
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