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This book isĀ the outcome of rigorous and continuous research
work doneĀ by the authorĀ over about three decades on the
open ecosystem and dynamic environment of the estuarine Sunderbans.
The objective of this work is to identify the field and factors
changing gradually upon this active delta over the years, decades
and centuries. The deltaic Sunderbans yet not mature enough, has
been changing in its natural course with time. Further,
anthropogenic interferences disturb the environments and accelerate
degradation of nature of this fragile ecosystem simultaneously.
Roles played by almost all the agents including man and environment
and their involvement are identified for the changing environmental
scenario of the Sunderbans. The book is befitted for the
researchers andĀ students for the post graduate levels. The
Sunderbans, a UNESCO World Heritage Site covering parts of
Bangladesh and the southern tip of Indian state of West Bengal, is
a part of world's largest deltaic plain of fluvio-marine deposit
formed by the Ganges and Brahmaputra at the confluence of the Bay
of Bengal. It is the largest single block of tidal halophytic
mangrove forest in the world, conspicuous for its great size and
biodiversity. With an enormous network of channels and creeks,
tidal inundation twice daily, Sunderbans mangroves wetland is a
dynamic and complex ecosystem, which undergoes continuous processes
of erosion and accretion. Natural processes like changes in local
hydrology, sediment motion under wind, wave and tidal action, beach
dynamics, regional and global processes like sea level rise as well
as the impact of human interference in the form of reclamation of
forest land, changes in land use patterns, coastal urbanizations
etc are the lead factors for the changes in the environmental
scenario of Sunderbans.
This book is the outcome of rigorous and continuous research work
done by the author over about three decades on the open ecosystem
and dynamic environment of the estuarine Sunderbans. The objective
of this work is to identify the field and factors changing
gradually upon this active delta over the years, decades and
centuries. The deltaic Sunderbans yet not mature enough, has been
changing in its natural course with time. Further, anthropogenic
interferences disturb the environments and accelerate degradation
of nature of this fragile ecosystem simultaneously. Roles played by
almost all the agents including man and environment and their
involvement are identified for the changing environmental scenario
of the Sunderbans. The book is befitted for the researchers and
students for the post graduate levels. The Sunderbans, a UNESCO
World Heritage Site covering parts of Bangladesh and the southern
tip of Indian state of West Bengal, is a part of world's largest
deltaic plain of fluvio-marine deposit formed by the Ganges and
Brahmaputra at the confluence of the Bay of Bengal. It is the
largest single block of tidal halophytic mangrove forest in the
world, conspicuous for its great size and biodiversity. With an
enormous network of channels and creeks, tidal inundation twice
daily, Sunderbans mangroves wetland is a dynamic and complex
ecosystem, which undergoes continuous processes of erosion and
accretion. Natural processes like changes in local hydrology,
sediment motion under wind, wave and tidal action, beach dynamics,
regional and global processes like sea level rise as well as the
impact of human interference in the form of reclamation of forest
land, changes in land use patterns, coastal urbanizations etc are
the lead factors for the changes in the environmental scenario of
Sunderbans.
This book explains several basic concepts of forests and forestry
research like social distancing of trees, solitary trees, green
infrastructure of trees including typical forest stands like pocket
forests, forgotten forests, community forests, and social forestry
from one forest stand to another scattered in the districts of West
Bengal. In the field of forest floors, depleting status of the
forests stimulates to find out different models of afforestation
programme like tree-island and rescue forest strategy through
plantation programme. Huge loss of tree canopy ravaged by the
series of cyclonic storms particularly in the districts of South
Bengal seems to be recovered by bioeconomic model with the
implementation of social forestry schemes. Thoughts of such models
incited the author to go through statistical analysis on different
matters and parameters of the forest stands. Determination of
physico-chemical parameters of the forest soil are carried on hand
in hand with the identification of Alfisol profile exposures in the
forest floors. For finding out the present status of forests,
district-wise review is worked out. Though scattered in the format
of the forest patches, forest stands in the Jungle Mahal are
remarkably interesting for any surveyor or tree-lover. Because of
the reasons, surveys in the specific forest lands like Joypur and
Beliatore of Bankura district and Garh Jangal and Aduria Forests
under Bardhaman Forest Division are given special impetus for
statistical measures, soil properties analysis, and identification
of vegetation pattern. All these salient features inspire the
author to take an attempt disseminating information and related
characteristics of the forests and forestry of West Bengal.
Researchers and students will get sufficient material from this
book to enrich their knowledge on the forest environment and the
author believes that this book will act as the pioneer work for the
flourishment and amelioration of the forestry of West Bengal.
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