Conducting good, ethical global health research is more important than ever. Increased global mobility and connectivity mean that in today's world there is no such thing as 'local health'. How we experience the effects of disease may be shaped by our social and economic differences, but the sick in one part of the world and the healthy in another are connected through economics, politics, media, and imagination, as well as by the infectiousness of disease. Global health research carried out through transnational collaboration is one crucial way in which people from far-flung geographic regions relate to each other. Good global health research and the relationships it creates, therefore, concerns us all. This book is a collection of fictionalised case studies of everyday ethical dilemmas and challenges, encountered in the process of conducting global health research in places where the effects of global, political and economic inequality are particularly evident. Our aim is to create a training tool which can begin to fill the gap between research ethics guidelines, and their implementation 'on the ground'.The case studies, therefore, focus on 'relational' ethics: ethical actions and ideas that emerge through relations with others, rather than in regulations. The case studies are based on stories and experiences collected by a group of anthropologists who have worked with leading transnational medical research organisations across Africa in the past decade. The stories have been anonymised, combined with each other, and substantially altered in order to provide 'stumbling stones' to start discussion, without naming real places or situations. As a collection, these stories offer a flexible resource for training across a variety of contexts, such as medical research organisations, universities, collaborative sites, and NGOs. We hope they will encourage global health researchers to think - and talk - about their everyday experiences and practices, and about ethics, in a new light.