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Houses and Domestic Space in Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century
Hospitaller Malta is a study concerned with a wide spectrum of
early modern dwellings in Malta, ranging from palazzi and affluent
residences to peasant dwellings, troglodyte houses, and hovels. The
multifaceted approach adopted in this book allows houses and
domestic networks to be studied not only in terms of architecture
and construction materials, but also as places of human habitation
where house dwellers act, react and interact in different contexts
and circumstances. Dwellings are places that permit different
social and economic activities, whilst providing shelter and
security to the household members. Through the available sources,
the houses of Hospitaller Malta are analysed in terms of their
spatial properties and how they generate privacy, interaction and
communication, identity, accessibility, security, visibility,
movement and encounters, and, equally important, how domestic space
relates to gender roles, status, and class. This work, therefore,
seeks to reach a deep and nuanced understanding of domestic space
and how it relates to the islands' history and the development of
their society during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
Houses and Domestic Space in Seventeenth and Eighteenth Century
Hospitaller Malta is a study concerned with a wide spectrum of
early modern dwellings in Malta, ranging from palazzi and affluent
residences to peasant dwellings, troglodyte houses, and hovels. The
multifaceted approach adopted in this book allows houses and
domestic networks to be studied not only in terms of architecture
and construction materials, but also as places of human habitation
where house dwellers act, react and interact in different contexts
and circumstances. Dwellings are places that permit different
social and economic activities, whilst providing shelter and
security to the household members. Through the available sources,
the houses of Hospitaller Malta are analysed in terms of their
spatial properties and how they generate privacy, interaction and
communication, identity, accessibility, security, visibility,
movement and encounters, and, equally important, how domestic space
relates to gender roles, status, and class. This work, therefore,
seeks to reach a deep and nuanced understanding of domestic space
and how it relates to the islands' history and the development of
their society during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
This study traces and analyses the evolution of domestic space in
Maltese vernacular and 'polite' houses from medieval to
contemporary times. The houses under review range from humble
buildings of modest size, materials and design, like farmhouses or
those for the less affluent towndwellers, to buildings of grand
design, like townhouses and palazzi. Owing to the complex nature of
the Maltese houses a combination of enquires and a variety of
sources was necessary to achieve a holistic picture. This included
fieldwork in different parts of the islands, extensive research
work in local archives, libraries and museums, an analysis of a
sample of literary sources, national censuses and works-of-art, as
well as methods of spatial analysis (Space Syntax). One of the
major achievements obtained in this research concerns the
development of the native dwelling. The field surveys and archival
research have demonstrated that the evolution of the native
dwelling was very much influenced by the political, social and
economic changes that occurred locally during the period under
review. In particular, it was observed that architectural and
stylistic changes in the elite houses occurred at a faster rate to
suit fashion, in line with what occurred in other European
countries, while changes in peasant houses were slower and more
sporadic as these adhered to their vernacular idiom for a longer
time. Houses often served as a symbol of class and social status.
The dwelling's size and architectural style, the configuration of
domestic space as well as the house furniture and contents were
among the main indicators which, between the late Medieval Period
and the first half of the 20th century, distinguished a wealthy
from a poor dwelling. Class distinction did not occur only between
houses, but also within the same building, especially in the elite
dwellings. Gender was also another important aspect which directly
affected the upper middle and elite Maltese houses, particularly at
a time when men and women had fixed roles in society. However, the
restricted space by which the lower class houses were normally
characterized permitted instead the mixing of genders in work and
leisure. A major shift in the relationship between the family and
the house occurred in the second half of the 20th century, when the
social and demographic changes of this period brought more balance
between the social classes. Through the available evidence,
particularly the national censuses, works-of-art, literary sources
and travelogues, it was also possible to acquire knowledge about
various aspects related to dining fashions, dress code, health and
education in the Maltese houses. The results obtained from our
Space Syntax investigations have been instrumental to acquire new
knowledge and to understand better the social logic of space
underpinning Maltese dwellings and settlements.
This study traces and analyses the evolution of domestic space in
Maltese vernacular and 'polite' houses from medieval to
contemporary times. The houses under review range from humble
buildings of modest size, materials and design, like farmhouses or
those for the less affluent towndwellers, to buildings of grand
design, like townhouses and palazzi. Owing to the complex nature of
the Maltese houses a combination of enquires and a variety of
sources was necessary to achieve a holistic picture. This included
fieldwork in different parts of the islands, extensive research
work in local archives, libraries and museums, an analysis of a
sample of literary sources, national censuses and works-of-art, as
well as methods of spatial analysis (Space Syntax). One of the
major achievements obtained in this research concerns the
development of the native dwelling. The field surveys and archival
research have demonstrated that the evolution of the native
dwelling was very much influenced by the political, social and
economic changes that occurred locally during the period under
review. In particular, it was observed that architectural and
stylistic changes in the elite houses occurred at a faster rate to
suit fashion, in line with what occurred in other European
countries, while changes in peasant houses were slower and more
sporadic as these adhered to their vernacular idiom for a longer
time. Houses often served as a symbol of class and social status.
The dwelling's size and architectural style, the configuration of
domestic space as well as the house furniture and contents were
among the main indicators which, between the late Medieval Period
and the first half of the 20th century, distinguished a wealthy
from a poor dwelling. Class distinction did not occur only between
houses, but also within the same building, especially in the elite
dwellings. Gender was also another important aspect which directly
affected the upper middle and elite Maltese houses, particularly at
a time when men and women had fixed roles in society. However, the
restricted space by which the lower class houses were normally
characterized permitted instead the mixing of genders in work and
leisure. A major shift in the relationship between the family and
the house occurred in the second half of the 20th century, when the
social and demographic changes of this period brought more balance
between the social classes. Through the available evidence,
particularly the national censuses, works-of-art, literary sources
and travelogues, it was also possible to acquire knowledge about
various aspects related to dining fashions, dress code, health and
education in the Maltese houses. The results obtained from our
Space Syntax investigations have been instrumental to acquire new
knowledge and to understand better the social logic of space
underpinning Maltese dwellings and settlements.
This analysis draws on a wide range of excavation evidence; it
demonstrates what the state of knowledge is on Punic Maltese
burials, and also provides a broader record of inhabitation on the
island, by using the burial evidence in historical and
archaeological context. Contents: Malta in the Punic Period - A
Historical and Archaeological Background; The Punic Tombs and Their
Setting; The Tombs and Land Use; The Tombs and Social Hierarchy;
The Tombs: Their Dating and Use; Population Estimates in the Punic
Period and Punic Settlements: A Comparative Study with Later
Historical Settlement Patterns.
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