Fuzzy logics are many-valued logics that are well suited to reasoning in the context of vagueness. They provide the basis for the wider field of Fuzzy Logic, encompassing diverse areas such as fuzzy control, fuzzy databases, and fuzzy mathematics. This book provides an accessible and up-to-date introduction to this fast-growing and increasingly popular area. It focuses in particular on the development and applications of "proof-theoretic" presentations of fuzzy logics; the result of more than ten years of intensive work by researchers in the area, including the authors. In addition to providing alternative elegant presentations of fuzzy logics, proof-theoretic methods are useful for addressing theoretical problems (including key standard completeness results) and developing efficient deduction and decision algorithms. Proof-theoretic presentations also place fuzzy logics in the broader landscape of non-classical logics, revealing deep relations with other logics studied in Computer Science, Mathematics, and Philosophy. The book builds methodically from the semantic origins of fuzzy logics to proof-theoretic presentations such as Hilbert and Gentzen systems, introducing both theoretical and practical applications of these presentations.

Fuzzy logics are many-valued logics that are well suited to reasoning in the context of vagueness. They provide the basis for the wider field of Fuzzy Logic, encompassing diverse areas such as fuzzy control, fuzzy databases, and fuzzy mathematics. This book provides an accessible and up-to-date introduction to this fast-growing and increasingly popular area. It focuses in particular on the development and applications of "proof-theoretic" presentations of fuzzy logics; the result of more than ten years of intensive work by researchers in the area, including the authors. In addition to providing alternative elegant presentations of fuzzy logics, proof-theoretic methods are useful for addressing theoretical problems (including key standard completeness results) and developing efficient deduction and decision algorithms. Proof-theoretic presentations also place fuzzy logics in the broader landscape of non-classical logics, revealing deep relations with other logics studied in Computer Science, Mathematics, and Philosophy. The book builds methodically from the semantic origins of fuzzy logics to proof-theoretic presentations such as Hilbert and Gentzen systems, introducing both theoretical and practical applications of these presentations.

Title: Ashantee and the Gold Coast: being a sketch of the history, social state, and superstitions of the inhabitants of those countries: with a notice of the state and prospects of Christianity among them. With a map.]Publisher: British Library, Historical Print EditionsThe British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom. It is one of the world's largest research libraries holding over 150 million items in all known languages and formats: books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, patents, maps, stamps, prints and much more. Its collections include around 14 million books, along with substantial additional collections of manuscripts and historical items dating back as far as 300 BC.The GENERAL HISTORICAL collection includes books from the British Library digitised by Microsoft. This varied collection includes material that gives readers a 19th century view of the world. Topics include health, education, economics, agriculture, environment, technology, culture, politics, labour and industry, mining, penal policy, and social order. ++++The below data was compiled from various identification fields in the bibliographic record of this title. This data is provided as an additional tool in helping to insure edition identification: ++++ British Library Beecham, John; Metcalfe, George; 1841. xix. 376 p.; 12 . 1298.c.13.

Over the past three decades the civil rights movement has succeeded in increasing equality of opportunity for minority groups in American society. However, as Metcalf suggests in this volume, discrimination in the area of housing remains very real and very critical. For, despite the efforts of legislation like the Civil Rights Act of 1964 that has led to equality in voting, education, and employment for members of minority groups, housing discrimination in various forms remains rampant, with close to two million incidents of discrimination in housing occurring annually. In this thought-provoking treatment of housing policies and practices within the U.S., Metcalf traces the development of governmental intervention in the housing arena from the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865 through the Housing and Community Development act of 1974. . . . Metcalf proposes that his text be used as a catalyst to induce the public to act, and in turn, to influence the courts, administrators, and legislatures at all governmental levels. A detailed and well-written volume. Choice Despite legislation designed to eliminate discrimination in housing, the ghettoization of minorities, especially Blacks, has become more severe in the past two decades. In this compelling work, George Metcalf examines the reasons why Title VIII has had so little effect, and he documents the experience of the individuals and agencies who have carried the main burden in efforts to achieve fair housing. He offers excerpts and data drawn from extensive interviews, as well as careful analyses of twelve landmark decisions involving violations such as racial steering, misinformation, harassment, redlining, and exclusionary land practices.