Different religious groups in Central and Eastern Europe influenced societies in the region after the fall of Communism and continue to play a crucial role in culture, politics, social networks and value transformations. As part of the REVACERN (Religion and Values in Central and Eastern Europe Research Network) project - supported by the EU Sixth Framework Program - more than 70 researchers from 15 countries in the region analyzed and discussed the most important trends in values, religions and religious communities and presented their findings in a comparative way. They tested well-known theories of secularization, nationalism, democracy and pluralism in the colorful region Central and Eastern Europe. This book summarizes their most important findings in seven chapters, addressing religion and its entanglements with geography, values, nationalism, Orthodoxy, education, legal regulation, civil society, social networks, new religious movements and new forms of religiosity. Each chapter also provides a regional overview.

Wie begegnen die Menschen in Europa fremden Religionen und religiosen Gruppen in kognitiver, evaluativer und emotionaler Hinsicht? Unter welchen Bedingungen werden religioser Pluralismus insgesamt, aber auch ganz konkrete Religionsgemeinschaften und religiose Gruppen akzeptiert bzw. abgelehnt? Welche individuellen und kontextuellen Faktoren beeinflussen die Bereitschaft zu religioser Toleranz und Wertschatzung? Dies sind einige der Fragestellungen, denen der vorliegende Band anhand von vergleichenden Analysen von funf europaischen Gesellschaften nachzugehen versucht."

This is not a book that provides a new integrated theory of religious change in modern societies, but rather one that develops theoretical elements that contribute to the understanding of some contemporary religious developments. Most of the approaches in sociology of religion are prone to emphasise either processes of religious decline or of religious upswing. For example, secularization theory usually includes a couple of relevant factors-such as functional differentiation, economic affluence or social equality-in order to account for religious change. However, the result of such a theory's empirical analyses seems to be certain in advance, namely that the social relevance of religion is decreasing. In contrast, the religious market model devised by sociologists of religion in the US is inclined to detect everywhere processes of religious upsurge. Religion and Modernity: An International Comparison avoids a purely theoretically based perspective on religious changes. For this reason, Detlef Pollack and Gergely Rosta do not begin with theoretical propositions but with questions. The authors raise the question of how the social significance of religion in its various facets has changed in modern societies, and explain what factors and conditions have contributed to these changes.