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This book, the result of a AAAS symposium organized to explore the
ramifications of tropical deforestation, emphasizes the
relationship of biosphere to troposphere, aiming to set tropical
forest ecology in the context of the global ecosystem.
This book, the result of a AAAS symposium organized to explore the
ramifications of tropical deforestation, emphasizes the
relationship of biosphere to troposphere, aiming to set tropical
forest ecology in the context of the global ecosystem.
The crisis of the rainforest began a century ago when it was
discovered to be a source of rubber. This brought commercial
interests into collision with this complex ecology - its plants,
its animals and its peoples. At the height of the rubber boom in
the early years of this century, a young American, John Yungjohan,
struggled for survival as a rubber cutter. The diaries he kept have
recently come to light and have been edited by Sir Ghillean Prance
of the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew, England, one of the foremost
botanical gardens in the world. Dr. Prance is a leading expert on
the rainforest. The diaries are especially poignant now since the
rubber cutters are fighting to preserve something of the original
forest against the ravages of the indiscriminate destruction which
still ignores the true wealth of the region - its almost
incomprehensible variety of species. It is a tale of humanity and
the natural order working together in the midst of greed and
ignorance. Ghillean Prance enhances the text with his own
contemporary photographs and identifies the fungi, plants and
animals which are mentioned in the pages of the diaries.
This book provides a comprehensive monograph of the family
Humiraceae. It includes information on economic botany,
conservation, phylogenetic relationships, taxonomic history,
ecology, cytology, anatomy, and phytochemistry, among other topics.
This volume is illustrated with line drawings, black and white
photographs, and distribution maps. It was written by the
world-leading authority on this plant group and contains a total of
eight genera, 65 species, and 15 infraspecific taxa, with two new
species described. This work is volume 123 in the Flora Neotropica
book series (Lawrence M. Kelly, Editor-in-Chief). Flora Neotropica
volumes provide taxonomic treatments of plant groups or families
growing in the Americas between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic
of Capricorn.
A defining scholarly publication on the past and current state of
research with psychedelic plant substances for medicine,
therapeutics, and spiritual uses. Certain plants have long been
known to contain healing properties and used to treat everything
from depression and addiction, to aiding in on one's own spiritual
well-being for hundreds of years. Can Western medicine find new
cures for human ailments by tapping into indigenous plant wisdom?
And why the particular interest in the plants with psychoactive
properties? These two conference volume proceedings provide an
abundance of answers. The first international gathering of
researchers held on this subject was in 1967, sponsored by the
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and U.S. Public Health
Service. It was an interdisciplinary group of specialists - from
ethnobotanists to neuroscientists - gathered in one place to share
their findings on a topic that was gaining widespread interest: The
use of psychoactive plants in indigenous societies. The WAR ON
DRUGS which intervened slowed advances in this field. Research,
however, has continued, and in the fifty years since that first
conference, new and significant discoveries have been made. A new
generation of researchers, many inspired by the giants present at
that first conference, has continued to investigate the outer
limits of ethno-psychopharmacology. At the same time, there has
been a sea change in public and medical perceptions of
psychedelics. There is now a renaissance in research, and some of
these agents are actively being investigated for their therapeutic
potential. They are no longer as stigmatized as they have been in
the past, although they remain controversial. There still remains
much work to do in this field, and many significant discoveries
remain to be made. So, in June of 2017, once again specialists from
around the world in fields of ethnopharmacology, chemistry, botany,
and anthropology gathered to discuss their research and findings in
a setting that encouraged the free and frank exchange of
information and ideas on the last 50 years of research, and assess
the current and possible futures for research in
ethnopsychopharmacology. The papers given at the 2017 Symposium,
organized by Dr. Dennis McKenna, in a handsome two volume boxed
collectors set represents perhaps the most significant body of
knowledge in this interdisciplinary field available. About Dennis
McKenna: He is an icon amongst psychedelic explorers, working to
inspire the next generation of ethnobotanists in the search for new
medicines for the benefit of humanity and the preservation of the
biosphere that produces what is apparent from reading these papers
- a rich pharmacopeia of medicines. Essential for academic
libraries, pharmaceutical and ethnobotanical collections.
Fifteen volumes and one supplement have now appeared in the series
known as Evolutionary Biology. The editors continue to seek
critical reviews, original papers, and commentaries on
controversial topics. It is our aim to publish papers primarily of
greater length and depth than those normally published by society
journals and quarterlies. The editors make every attempt to solicit
manuscripts on an international scale and to see that no facet of
evolutionary biology-classical or modern-is slighted. Manuscripts
should be sent to anyone of the following: Max K. Hecht, Department
of Biology, Queens College of the City University of New York,
Flushing, New York 11367; Bruce Wallace, Department of Biology,
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg,
Virginia 24061; Ghillean T. Prance, New York Botanical Garden,
Bronx, New York 10458. The Editors vII Contents 1. Patterns of
Neotropical Plant Species Diversity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . 1 Alwyn H. Gentry Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I Sites and Methods . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Sample Sites . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Identifications .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Results . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . 21 Structural Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . 29 Community Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Floristic
Composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Dispersal Ecology
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Pollination
Strategies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Conclusion . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Appendix. Sites and Communities Studied . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . 50 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 2. Evolution on a Petri
Dish: The Evolved fJ-Galactosidase System as a Model for Studying
Acquisitive Evolution in the Laboratory . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
**. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 Barry G. Hall
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . 85 Approaches to Molecular Evolution . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 The
Descriptive Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 The Experimental
Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Mechanisms for the Acquisition of New
Genetic Material. . . . . 97 The EBG System a s a Model for
Acquisitive Evolution . . . . . . . 98 The Unevolved Enzyme . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . .
Ghillean Prance, Director of Kew Gardens, applies his knowledge as
botanist and scientist and his deeply held Christian beliefs to the
basic questions that surround our destruction of the earth and what
we can do to change course.
Evolutionary Biology, of which this is the twenty-second volume,
continues to offer its readers a wide range of original articles,
reviews, and commentaries on evolution, in the broadest sense of
that term. The topics of the reviews range from anthropology,
molecular evolution, and paleobiology to principles of systematics.
In recent volumes, a broad spectrum of articles have appeared on
such subjects as asymmetric sexual isolation, biochemical
systematics in plants, species selection, DNA hybridization and
phylogenetics, modes of evolution in Pleistocene rodents, and
development and evolution of the vertebrate limb. We have also
attempted to provide a forum for con flicting ideas. Articles such
as these, often too long for standard journals, are the material
for Evolutionary Biology. The editors continue to solicit
manuscripts on an international scale in an effort to see that
everyone ofthe many facets of biological evolution is covered.
Manuscripts should be sent to anyone of the following: Max K.
Hecht, Department of Biology, Queens College of the City University
of New York, Flushing, New York 11367; Bruce Wallace, Department of
Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,
Blacks burg, Virginia 24061; GhilleanT. Prance, New York Botanical
Garden, Bronx, New York 10458. The Editors vii Contents 1.
Phylogeny of Early Vertebrate Skeletal Induction and Ossification
Patterns ....................................... 1 John G. Maisey
Introduction: The Fossil Record.. .. .. ...... .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
.. .. .. .. .. 1 .."
Christianity is often accused of asserting humanity's dominion over
nature - an attitude that has led to so much environmental
destruction - and of viewing it as somehow 'fallen', instead of
teaching that we are merely a part of creation and that 'what we do
to the earth, we do to ourselves'. In fact, the Bible is teeming
with information about plants and biodiversity and different
animals and their behaviour, revealing that its writers, like King
Solomon and the oracle Agur, had intimate everyday knowledge of the
natural world around them and learned from it. Likewise, Jesus was
a close observer of nature and was earthed in the here and now, as
his parables show. In this book of biblical reflections botanist
Ghillean Prance draws richly from his experiences exploring the
Amazon and many other regions - from the White Mountains of Turkey
to the Hawaiian Archipelago. It is his hope that this book will
move Christians to wonder at some of the marvels of nature, and so
to treat God's creation with reverence and more respect. God's Word
is to be read not only in the Bible, but in God's 'big book'.
This book provides a comprehensive monograph of the family
Humiraceae. It includes information on economic botany,
conservation, phylogenetic relationships, taxonomic history,
ecology, cytology, anatomy, and phytochemistry, among other topics.
This volume is illustrated with line drawings, black and white
photographs, and distribution maps. It was written by the
world-leading authority on this plant group and contains a total of
eight genera, 65 species, and 15 infraspecific taxa, with two new
species described. This work is volume 123 in the Flora Neotropica
book series (Lawrence M. Kelly, Editor-in-Chief). Flora Neotropica
volumes provide taxonomic treatments of plant groups or families
growing in the Americas between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic
of Capricorn.
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