This brief sheds light on evolving drug markets and the county lines phenomenon in the British context. Drawing upon empirical research gathered in the field between 2012-2019 across two sites, Scotland's West Coast and Merseyside in England, this book adopts a grounded approach to the drug supply model, detailing how drugs are purchased, sold and distributed at every level of the supply chain at both sites. The authors conducted interviews with practitioners, offenders, ex-offenders and those members of the general public most effected by organised crime. The research explores how drug markets have continued to evolve, accumulating in the phenomenon that is county lines. It explores how such behavior has gradually become ever more intertwined with other forms of organised criminal activity. Useful for researchers, policy makers, and law enforcement officials, this brief recommends a rethinking of current reactive policing strategies.

The Oxford Handbook of Respiratory Medicine provides a fast, reliable look-up reference on all chest diseases. The second edition of this comprehensive Handbook has been revised throughout, with additional material on avian flu, pulmonary complications of sickle cell disease, acute and chronic oxygen therapy and updated references to the latest British Thoracic Society guidelines. The Handbook's opening chapters aid diagnosis by addressing the main respiratory symptoms encountered by clinicians. Subsequent chapters discuss each respiratory disease in more depth, with practical tips for the out-patient clinic or ward setting. The Handbook also includes a unique section on practical skills and procedures, providing essential technical and reference information. Useful pages on lung and bronchial anatomy, CT anatomy and scans, lung function and blood-gas nomograms, and a list of useful websites are included for easy reference. Like all the Oxford Handbooks, the Oxford Handbook of Respiratory Medicine 2/e combines authority, relevance and reliability. It is the must-have guide for all clinicians dealing with respiratory medicine.