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A book of short stories that follow the exploits of a library
bookworm. When everyone has gone home and all the lights have been
turned down low for the evening, Larry goes from book to book,
sliding in and out of pictures and photographs that come to life
when he is in them.
The wonderful thing about mathematical art is that the most
beautiful geometric patterns can be produced without needing to be
able to draw, or be 'good at art'. Mathematical art is accessible
to learners of all ages: its algorithmic nature means that it
simply requires the ability to follow instructions carefully and to
use a pencil and ruler accurately. It is engaging, enriching,
thoroughly enjoyable and is a great leveller in the classroom.
Learners who may not normally shine in mathematics lessons will
take your breath away with their creativity. Those who struggle
with their mathematics will experience the joy of success through
their mathematical art-making. The six Artful Maths activities in
this book are hands-on tasks that will develop important skills
such as hand-eye co-ordination, manual dexterity and design
thinking, which is a valuable form of problem-solving. Decisions
need to be made about placement, size and colour, all of which
entail thinking about measurements, proportions and symmetry. They
can be undertaken alone or with a teacher to draw out the
mathematics underlying the patterns and to practice key content in
the school curriculum. For ages 9 to 16+. Contents: Curves of
Pursuit, Mazes and Labyrinths, Impossible Objects, Epicycloids,
Perfect Proportions, Parabolic Curves.
This timely book offers important new insights into the boundaries
between political and financial geographies, focusing on the links
between the changing strategies, policies and institutions of the
state. It investigates banks and other financial institutions
affected by both state policies and a globalizing financial system,
and the financial resources available to firms as well as
households. In so doing, the book highlights how an empirical focus
on the semi-periphery of the financial system may generate new
perspectives on the entanglement between geopolitics and finance.
Chapters explore a range of place-specific relations, highlighting
the impact of state-led reforms, the importance of models,
innovation and adaptation to local conditions, and bank
intermediation. Conceptually, the book engages with insights from a
variety of disciplines in order to explore the connections between
geo-political and geo-economic discourses, public finance and
foreign policy, the practices and localization of financial
institutions, and the evolution of strategies for globalizing
firms. Political and financial geographers will find this book to
be a compelling read, as it sheds new light on the semi-periphery,
which is often overlooked in studies addressing the global
financial system. Economic policy-makers working on the nexus
between politics, finance and development will also benefit from
reading this book. Contributors include: S. Ageeva, G. Battisti, F.
Betioli Contel, S. Grandi, J. Jafri, G. Lim, A. Mishura, T.T.
Nguyen, M. Percoco, U. Rosati, C. Sellar, E. Stavrova, E. Yilmaz
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Michikusa House
Emily Grandy
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R414
Discovery Miles 4 140
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Ships in 12 - 17 working days
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After enduring a complicated recovery from eating disorders, Winona
Heeley is struggling to return to normal life. Her mother
recommends a change in scenery and arranges for Winona to stay with
friends in rural Japan, at Michikusa House. The centuries' old
farmhouse hosts residents who want to learn about growing their own
food and cooking with the seasons. Jun Nakashima, an aspiring
kaiseki chef, is one such resident. Like Winona, Jun is a
recovering addict and college dropout. While the two bond over
culinary rituals, they change each other's lives by reconstructing
long-held beliefs about shame, identity, and renewal. But after
Winona returns to her Midwest hometown, and despite her best
efforts to keep in touch, Jun vanishes. Two years pass, and Win is
about to drop out of university for a second time, a decision that
irreparably fractures her relationship with her partner of nearly a
decade. Refusing to accept permanent failure and disappointment,
Winona once again seeks revival through gardening. Much to the
chagrin of her parents, she accepts a job as a groundskeeper at a
local cemetery and begins searching for Jun Nakashima once more.
This classroom-tested textbook is an innovative, comprehensive, and
forward-looking introductory undergraduate physics course. While it
clearly explains physical principles and equips the student with a
full range of quantitative tools and methods, the material is
firmly grounded in biological relevance and is brought to life with
plenty of biological examples throughout. It is designed to be a
self-contained text for a two-semester sequence of introductory
physics for biology and premedical students, covering kinematics
and Newton’s laws, energy, probability, diffusion, rates of
change, statistical mechanics, fluids, vibrations, waves,
electromagnetism, and optics. Each chapter begins with learning
goals, and concludes with a summary of core competencies, allowing
for seamless incorporation into the classroom. In addition, each
chapter is replete with a wide selection of creative and often
surprising examples, activities, computational tasks, and
exercises, many of which are inspired by current research topics,
making cutting-edge biological physics accessible to the student.
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Asylum (Hardcover)
Nicola Nicoletti, Umberto Nicola, Filippo Grandi
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R1,805
R1,381
Discovery Miles 13 810
Save R424 (23%)
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Ships in 9 - 15 working days
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More the 40 percent of the countries in the world today still
impose prison sentences or the death penalty just for being
LGBTIQ+. Asylum is an international project that arose from a
collaboration between five associations around the world and
photographer Umberto Nicola Nicoletti. Through the use of beautiful
'glossy images, such as those used in fashion and advertising, the
project seeks to engender empathy for the subjects involved and
their stories. Asylum seekers become celebrities, idols, and heroes
as they are. Therefore, it is not photographic reportage but,
rather, an art project focused on restoring their dignity. LGBTIQ+
refugees often face double discrimination: in their home country
and in their destination, as they are both immigrants and LGBTIQ+.
This is especially true in refugee camps, where they are subject to
assaults by other migrants. The aim of this project is to give
these individuals the identity they are often deprived of when they
are reduced to an indistinct mass and to show the world their true
beauty.
Spatial Analysis for Radar Remote Sensing of Tropical Forests is
based on the authors' extensive involvement in Synthetic Aperture
Radar (SAR) mapping projects, targeting the health of an earth
ecosystem with great relevance for climate change studies: the
tropical forests. The subject is developed from a vantage point
provided by analysis in a combined space, scale (frequency), time,
wavelength, polarization domain. The combination of space and scale
offers the capability to zoom in and out like a virtual microscope
to the resolution in tune with the underlying ecological
phenomenon. It also enables statistical measures (correlations)
related to the forest spatial distribution in case of backscatter,
or to the canopy height variations in case of interferometric
observations. The time dimension brings into play measures of the
ecosystem dynamics, such as the flooding extent in the swamp
forests, deforestation or degradation events. Wavelength and
polarization agility extend the abovementioned capabilities by
radar observations that are in tune with particular characteristics
of the forest and terrain layers. The book's spotlight is on radar
spatial random fields, these being populated by either backscatter
observations or elevation data from interferometric SAR. The basic
tenet here is that the spatial statistic of the fields measured by
the wavelet variance (in stationary or non-stationary situations)
carries fingerprints of the forest structure. Features: Uniquely
focused on specific techniques that provide multi-resolution
spatial and temporal analysis of forest structure characteristics
and changes. Examines several large and important international
remote sensing projects aimed at documenting entire tropical
ecosystems. Provides novel wavelet methods for tropical forest
structural measures. As the first book on this topic, this
composite approach appeals to both students learning through
important case studies and to researchers finding new ideas for
future studies.
This book presents an accessible overview of the seven key concepts
of city diplomacy (development cooperation, peacekeeping, economy,
innovation, environment, culture, and migration). The book
discusses its scope and challenges, maps the actors involved along
with their interaction and offers suggestions for available tools
and outcomes. Each chapter includes an analysis of a selection of
best practices. The book successfully combines theory with
practical evidence and will be an invaluable reference for students
and researchers of international relations and urban studies
looking for a comprehensive and updated analysis of the
multifaceted international action of cities. The book will also be
of interest to practitioners and city officials responsible for the
design and implementation of impactful diplomatic strategies.
This volume offers a comprehensive overview of basic and applied
aspects of Staphylococcus aureus, which is one of the most
important human pathogens. It includes sixteen chapters that
address the microbiology and immunology of S. aureus, the pathology
of its key manifestations, and the current standard of care.
Further, it reviews cutting-edge advances in alternative
therapeutic and prophylactic approaches to antibiotics. All
chapters were written by respected experts in the field -
presenting recent findings on a diverse range of aspects, they are
nonetheless interlinked. As such, the book is a must-read for all
researchers, clinicians and technicians engaged in basic or applied
science work involving S. aureus.
The 10th International Workshop on Maximum Entropy and Bayesian
Methods, MaxEnt 90, was held in Laramie, Wyoming from 30 July to 3
August 1990. This volume contains the scientific presentations
given at that meeting. This series of workshops originated in
Laramie in 1981, where the first three of what were to become
annual workshops were held. The fourth meeting was held in Calgary.
the fifth in Laramie, the sixth and seventh in Seattle, the eighth
in Cambridge, England, and the ninth at Hanover, New Hampshire. It
is most appropriate that the tenth workshop, occurring in the
centennial year of Wyoming's statehood, was once again held in
Laramie. The original purpose of these workshops was twofold. The
first was to bring together workers from diverse fields of
scientific research who individually had been using either some
form of the maximum entropy method for treating ill-posed problems
or the more general Bayesian analysis, but who, because of the
narrow focus that intra-disciplinary work tends to impose upon most
of us, might be unaware of progress being made by others using
these same techniques in other areas. The second was to introduce
to those who were somewhat aware of maximum entropy and Bayesian
analysis and wanted to learn more, the foundations, the gestalt,
and the power of these analyses. To further the first of these
ends, presenters at these workshops have included workers from
area. s as varied as astronomy, economics, environmenta.
The material contained in this work concerns relativistic quantum
mechanics, and as such pertains to classical fields. On the one
hand it is meant to serve as a text on the subject, a desire
stemming from the author's fruitless searches for an adequate,
up-to-date reference when lecturing on these topics. At times the
supplementary material was found to exceed by far that in the
assigned text. On the other hand, there is some flavor of a
monograph to what follows, most particularly in the later chapters,
for a major goal is to demonstrate just how far we can advance our
understanding of the behavior of stable particles and their
interactions without introducing quantized fields. Those wishing to
describe the world in this way may view the result as a point of
departure, despite the fact that their wish remains unfulfilled.
Confirmed quantum-field theorists, however, will doubtless view it
as a summary of just why they feel compelled to quantize the
fields. Approximately half the book is devoted to the
single-particle Dirac equation and its solutions. A great deal of
detail is provided in this respect, and the discus sion is
reasonably comprehensive. The Dirac equation is extraordinarily
important in its own right, particularly as a basis for quantum
electrodynamics (QED), and is thus worthy of extensive study."
In this volume we continue the logical development of the work
begun in Volume I, and the equilibrium theory now becomes a very
special case of the exposition presented here. Once a departure is
made from equilibrium, however, the problems become deeper and more
subtle-and unlike the equilibrium theory, many aspects of
nonequilibrium phenomena remain poorly understood. For over a
century a great deal of effort has been expended on the attempt to
develop a comprehensive and sensible description of nonequilibrium
phenomena and irreversible processes. What has emerged is a
hodgepodge of ad hoc constructs that do little to provide either a
firm foundation, or a systematic means for proceeding to higher
levels of understanding with respect to ever more complicated
examples of nonequilibria. Although one should rightfully consider
this situation shameful, the amount of effort invested testifies to
the degree of difficulty of the problems. In Volume I it was
emphasized strongly that the traditional exposition of equilibrium
theory lacked a certain cogency which tended to impede progress
with extending those considerations to more complex nonequilibrium
problems. The reasons for this were adduced to be an unfortunate
reliance on ergodicity and the notions of kinetic theory, but in
the long run little harm was done regarding the treatment of
equilibrium problems. On the nonequilibrium level the potential for
disaster increases enormously, as becomes evident already in
Chapter 1.
In a certain sense this book has been twenty-five years in the
writing, since I first struggled with the foundations of the
subject as a graduate student. It has taken that long to develop a
deep appreciation of what Gibbs was attempting to convey to us near
the end of his life and to understand fully the same ideas as
resurrected by E.T. Jaynes much later. Many classes of students
were destined to help me sharpen these thoughts before I finally
felt confident that, for me at least, the foundations of the
subject had been clarified sufficiently. More than anything, this
work strives to address the following questions: What is
statistical mechanics? Why is this approach so extraordinarily
effective in describing bulk matter in terms of its constituents?
The response given here is in the form of a very definite point of
view-the principle of maximum entropy (PME). There have been
earlier attempts to approach the subject in this way, to be sure,
reflected in the books by Tribus [Thermostat ics and
Thermodynamics, Van Nostrand, 1961], Baierlein [Atoms and
Information Theory, Freeman, 1971], and Hobson [Concepts in
Statistical Mechanics, Gordon and Breach, 1971].
This volume contains the text of the twenty-five papers presented
at two workshops entitled Maximum-Entropy and Bayesian Methods in
Applied Statistics, which were held at the University of Wyoming
from June 8 to 10, 1981, and from August 9 to 11, 1982. The
workshops were organized to bring together researchers from
different fields to critically examine maxi mum-entropy and
Bayesian methods in science, engineering, medicine, oceanography,
economics, and other disciplines. An effort was made to maintain an
informal environment where ideas could be easily ~xchanged. That
the workshops were at least partially successful is borne out by
the fact that there have been two succeeding workshops, and the
upcoming Fifth Workshop promises to be the largest of all. These
workshops and their proceedings could not have been brought to
their final form without the substantial help of a number of
people. The support of David Hofmann, the past chairman, and Glen
Rebka, Jr. , the present chairman of the Physics Department of the
University of Wyoming, has been strong and essential. Glen has
taken a special interest in seeing that the proceedings have
received the support required for their comple tion. The financial
support of the Office of University Research Funds, University of
Wyoming, is gratefully acknowledged. The secretarial staff, in
particular Evelyn Haskell, Janice Gasaway, and Marce Mitchum, of
the University of Wyoming Physics Department has contributed a
great number of hours in helping C. Ray Smith organize and direct
the workshops.
|
Advances in Conceptual Modeling - Challenges and Opportunities - ER 2008 Workshops CMLSA, ECDM, FP-UML, M2AS, RIGiM, SeCoGIS, WISM, Barcelona, Spain, October 20-23, 2008, Proceedings (Paperback, 2008 ed.)
Il-Yeol Song, Mario Piattini, Yi-Ping Phoebe Chen, Sven Hartmann, Fabio Grandi, …
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R1,618
Discovery Miles 16 180
|
Ships in 10 - 15 working days
|
We would like to welcome you to the proceedings of the workshops
held in c- junction with the 27th International Conference on
Conceptual Modeling (ER 2008). While the ER main conference covers
a wide spectrum of conceptual modeling research, increasingly
complex real-world problems demand new p- spectives and
activeresearchin new applications.The ER workshopsattempt to
provideresearchers, students, andindustry professionalswitha
forumto present and discuss emerging hot topics related to
conceptual modeling. We received 13 excellent proposals for
workshops to be held with ER 2008. We accepted the following seven
based on peer reviews: 1. The Second International Workshop on
Conceptual Modeling for Life S- ences Applications (CMLSA 2008),
organized by Yi-Ping Phoebe Chen and Sven Hartmann. 2. The 5th
International Workshopon Evolution and Change in Data Mana- ment
(ECDM 2008), organized by Fabio Grandi. 3. The 4th International
Workshop on Foundations and Practices of UML (FP-UML 2008),
organized by Juan Trujillo and Andreas L. Opdahl. 4. The First
International Workshop on Modeling Mobile Applications and Services
(M2AS 2008), organized by Fernando Ferri, Patrizia Grifoni, and
Maria Chiara Caschera. 5. The Second International Workshop on
Requirements, Intentions and Goals in Conceptual Modeling (RIGiM
2008), organized by Colette Rolland, C- son Woo, and Camille
Salinesi. 6. The Second International Workshop on Semantic and
Conceptual Issues in Geographic Information Systems (SeCoGIS 2008),
organized by Esteban Zim anyi and Christophe Claramunt. 7. The 5th
International Workshop on Web Information Systems Modeling (WISM
2008), organized by Flavius Frasincar, Geert-Jan Houben, and
Philippe Thiran."
|
Conceptual Modeling for Advanced Application Domains - ER 2004 Workshops CoMoGIS, CoMWIM, ECDM, CoMoA, DGOV, and eCOMO, Shanghai, China, November 8-12, 2004. Proceedings (Paperback, 2004 ed.)
Shan Wang, Katsumi Tanaka, Shuigeng Zhou, Tok Wang Ling, Jihong Guan, …
|
R3,326
Discovery Miles 33 260
|
Ships in 10 - 15 working days
|
We would like to welcome you to the proceedings of the workshops
held in conjunction with the 23rd International Conference on
Conceptual Modeling (ER 2004). The objective of the workshops
associated with ER 2004 was to give p- ticipants the opportunity to
present and discuss emerging hot topics related to conceptual
modeling, thereby adding new perspectives to conceptual mod- ing.
To meet the objective, we selected six workshops with topics on
conceptual modelingforWebinformationintegration, digitalgovernment,
GIS, changem- agement, e-business, and agent technology. Some of
these workshopswere brand new while others had been held in
conjunction with ER conferences as many as ?ve times. They are: 1.
1stInternationalWorkshoponConceptualModel-DirectedWebInformation
Integration and Mining (CoMWIM 2004) 2. 1st International Workshop
on Digital Government: Systems and Techno- gies (DGOV 2004) 3. 1st
International Workshop on Conceptual Modeling for GIS (CoMoGIS
2004) 4. 3rd International Workshop on Evolution and Change in Data
Management (ECDM 2004) 5. 1st International Workshop on Conceptual
Modelling for Agents (CoMoA 2004) 6. 5th International Workshop on
Conceptual Modeling Approaches for E-Business (The Model-Driven
Design Value Proposition) (eCOMO 2004) These six workshops received
38, 16, 58, 21, 17, and 13 papers, respectively. Following the
philosophy of the ER workshops, the selection of contributions was
very carefully carried out in order to keep the excellent standard;
13, 6, 16, 8, 7, and 6 papers were accepted by the six workshops,
respectively, with acceptance rates 34%, 37%, 27%, 38%, 41%, and
46%, respective
What is an activist? Why do we need them? Join Hope as she
discovers how to make positive change on issues that matter from
clothes made in fair trade to refugee aid - and to have fun at the
same time! Even if you are small you can still stand tall and help
out to make the world a better place for all. How Hope Became an
Activist is the first in a series on how kids from diverse
backgrounds have joined with friends to take action on a range of
issues from saving bees to helping in a food bank.
The 10th International Workshop on Maximum Entropy and Bayesian
Methods, MaxEnt 90, was held in Laramie, Wyoming from 30 July to 3
August 1990. This volume contains the scientific presentations
given at that meeting. This series of workshops originated in
Laramie in 1981, where the first three of what were to become
annual workshops were held. The fourth meeting was held in Calgary.
the fifth in Laramie, the sixth and seventh in Seattle, the eighth
in Cambridge, England, and the ninth at Hanover, New Hampshire. It
is most appropriate that the tenth workshop, occurring in the
centennial year of Wyoming's statehood, was once again held in
Laramie. The original purpose of these workshops was twofold. The
first was to bring together workers from diverse fields of
scientific research who individually had been using either some
form of the maximum entropy method for treating ill-posed problems
or the more general Bayesian analysis, but who, because of the
narrow focus that intra-disciplinary work tends to impose upon most
of us, might be unaware of progress being made by others using
these same techniques in other areas. The second was to introduce
to those who were somewhat aware of maximum entropy and Bayesian
analysis and wanted to learn more, the foundations, the gestalt,
and the power of these analyses. To further the first of these
ends, presenters at these workshops have included workers from
area. s as varied as astronomy, economics, environmenta.
The material contained in this work concerns relativistic quantum
mechanics, and as such pertains to classical fields. On the one
hand it is meant to serve as a text on the subject, a desire
stemming from the author's fruitless searches for an adequate,
up-to-date reference when lecturing on these topics. At times the
supplementary material was found to exceed by far that in the
assigned text. On the other hand, there is some flavor of a
monograph to what follows, most particularly in the later chapters,
for a major goal is to demonstrate just how far we can advance our
understanding of the behavior of stable particles and their
interactions without introducing quantized fields. Those wishing to
describe the world in this way may view the result as a point of
departure, despite the fact that their wish remains unfulfilled.
Confirmed quantum-field theorists, however, will doubtless view it
as a summary of just why they feel compelled to quantize the
fields. Approximately half the book is devoted to the
single-particle Dirac equation and its solutions. A great deal of
detail is provided in this respect, and the discus sion is
reasonably comprehensive. The Dirac equation is extraordinarily
important in its own right, particularly as a basis for quantum
electrodynamics (QED), and is thus worthy of extensive study."
In this volume we continue the logical development of the work
begun in Volume I, and the equilibrium theory now becomes a very
special case of the exposition presented here. Once a departure is
made from equilibrium, however, the problems become deeper and more
subtle-and unlike the equilibrium theory, many aspects of
nonequilibrium phenomena remain poorly understood. For over a
century a great deal of effort has been expended on the attempt to
develop a comprehensive and sensible description of nonequilibrium
phenomena and irreversible processes. What has emerged is a
hodgepodge of ad hoc constructs that do little to provide either a
firm foundation, or a systematic means for proceeding to higher
levels of understanding with respect to ever more complicated
examples of nonequilibria. Although one should rightfully consider
this situation shameful, the amount of effort invested testifies to
the degree of difficulty of the problems. In Volume I it was
emphasized strongly that the traditional exposition of equilibrium
theory lacked a certain cogency which tended to impede progress
with extending those considerations to more complex nonequilibrium
problems. The reasons for this were adduced to be an unfortunate
reliance on ergodicity and the notions of kinetic theory, but in
the long run little harm was done regarding the treatment of
equilibrium problems. On the nonequilibrium level the potential for
disaster increases enormously, as becomes evident already in
Chapter 1.
In a certain sense this book has been twenty-five years in the
writing, since I first struggled with the foundations of the
subject as a graduate student. It has taken that long to develop a
deep appreciation of what Gibbs was attempting to convey to us near
the end of his life and to understand fully the same ideas as
resurrected by E.T. Jaynes much later. Many classes of students
were destined to help me sharpen these thoughts before I finally
felt confident that, for me at least, the foundations of the
subject had been clarified sufficiently. More than anything, this
work strives to address the following questions: What is
statistical mechanics? Why is this approach so extraordinarily
effective in describing bulk matter in terms of its constituents?
The response given here is in the form of a very definite point of
view-the principle of maximum entropy (PME). There have been
earlier attempts to approach the subject in this way, to be sure,
reflected in the books by Tribus [Thermostat ics and
Thermodynamics, Van Nostrand, 1961], Baierlein [Atoms and
Information Theory, Freeman, 1971], and Hobson [Concepts in
Statistical Mechanics, Gordon and Breach, 1971].
This volume contains the text of the twenty-five papers presented
at two workshops entitled Maximum-Entropy and Bayesian Methods in
Applied Statistics, which were held at the University of Wyoming
from June 8 to 10, 1981, and from August 9 to 11, 1982. The
workshops were organized to bring together researchers from
different fields to critically examine maxi mum-entropy and
Bayesian methods in science, engineering, medicine, oceanography,
economics, and other disciplines. An effort was made to maintain an
informal environment where ideas could be easily ~xchanged. That
the workshops were at least partially successful is borne out by
the fact that there have been two succeeding workshops, and the
upcoming Fifth Workshop promises to be the largest of all. These
workshops and their proceedings could not have been brought to
their final form without the substantial help of a number of
people. The support of David Hofmann, the past chairman, and Glen
Rebka, Jr. , the present chairman of the Physics Department of the
University of Wyoming, has been strong and essential. Glen has
taken a special interest in seeing that the proceedings have
received the support required for their comple tion. The financial
support of the Office of University Research Funds, University of
Wyoming, is gratefully acknowledged. The secretarial staff, in
particular Evelyn Haskell, Janice Gasaway, and Marce Mitchum, of
the University of Wyoming Physics Department has contributed a
great number of hours in helping C. Ray Smith organize and direct
the workshops.
This book is intended to be a survey of the most important results
in mathematical logic for philosophers. It is a survey of results
which have philosophical significance and it is intended to be
accessible to philosophers. I have assumed the mathematical
sophistication acquired. in an introductory logic course or in
reading a basic logic text. In addition to proving the most
philosophically significant results in mathematical logic, I have
attempted to illustrate various methods of proof. For example, the
completeness of quantification theory is proved both constructively
and non-constructively and relative ad vantages of each type of
proof are discussed. Similarly, constructive and non-constructive
versions of Godel's first incompleteness theorem are given. I hope
that the reader. will develop facility with the methods of proof
and also be caused by reflect on their differences. I assume
familiarity with quantification theory both in under standing the
notations and in finding object language proofs. Strictly speaking
the presentation is self-contained, but it would be very difficult
for someone without background in the subject to follow the
material from the beginning. This is necessary if the notes are to
be accessible to readers who have had diverse backgrounds at a more
elementary level. However, to make them accessible to readers with
no background would require writing yet another introductory logic
text. Numerous exercises have been included and many of these are
integral parts of the proofs."
This book is intended to be a survey of the most important results
in mathematical logic for philosophers. It is a survey of results
which have philosophical significance and it is intended to be
accessible to philosophers. I have assumed the mathematical
sophistication acquired. in an introductory logic course or in
reading a basic logic text. In addition to proving the most
philosophically significant results in mathematical logic, I have
attempted to illustrate various methods of proof. For example, the
completeness of quantification theory is proved both constructively
and non-constructively and relative ad vantages of each type of
proof are discussed. Similarly, constructive and non-constructive
versions of Godel's first incompleteness theorem are given. I hope
that the reader. will develop facility with the methods of proof
and also be caused by reflect on their differences. I assume
familiarity with quantification theory both in under standing the
notations and in finding object language proofs. Strictly speaking
the presentation is self-contained, but it would be very difficult
for someone without background in the subject to follow the
material from the beginning. This is necessary if the notes are to
be accessible to readers who have had diverse backgrounds at a more
elementary level. However, to make them accessible to readers with
no background would require writing yet another introductory logic
text. Numerous exercises have been included and many of these are
integral parts of the proofs."
|
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