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Examines the contradictions of nationalism, focusing on the
experience of Tanzania. The double-sided nature of African
nationalism - its capacity to inspire expressions of unity, and its
tendency to narrow political debate - are explored by sixteen
historians. The narrative of the nation of Tanzania, which was
created by the anti-colonial nationalist movement, expanded by the
Union after the Zanzibar Revolution, and fused by the ideology of
Ujamaa by Julius Nyerere, has shaped Tanzanian political discourse
for decades, but has not obliterated the great wealth of political
discourses and identities which exist within the nation. North
America: Ohio U Press; Tanzania: Kapsel
This volume explores the relationship between environment and rural
culture, politics and economy in Tanzania. In his conclusion,
Isaria Kimambo reflects on the efforts of successive historians to
strike a balance between external causes of change and local
initiative in their interpretations of Tanzanian history. He argues
that nationalist and Marxist historians of Tanzanian history,
understandably preoccupied through the first quarter-century of the
country's post-colonial history with the impact of imperialism and
capitalism on East Africa, tended to overlook the initiatives taken
by rural societies to transform themselves. Yet, he suggests, there
is good reason for historians to think about the causes of change
and innovation in the rural communities of Tanzania, because
farming and pastoral people have constantly changed as they
adjusted to shifting environmental conditions. North America: Ohio
U Press; Tanzania: Mkuki na Nyota
The Demographics of Empire is a collection of essays examining the
multifaceted nature of the colonial science of demography in the
last two centuries. The contributing scholars of Africa and the
British and French empires focus on three questions: How have
historians, demographers, and other social scientists understood
colonial populations? What were the demographic realities of
African societies and how did they affect colonial systems of
power? Finally, how did demographic theories developed in Europe
shape policies and administrative structures in the colonies? The
essays approach the subject as either broad analyses of major
demographic questions in Africa\u2019s history or focused case
studies that demonstrate how particular historical circumstances in
individual African societies contributed to differing levels of
fertility, mortality, and migration. Together, the contributors to
The Demographics of Empire question demographic orthodoxy, and in
particular the assumption that African societies in the past
exhibited a single demographic regime characterized by high
fertility and high mortality.
The Demographics of Empire is a collection of essays examining the
multifaceted nature of the colonial science of demography in the
last two centuries. The contributing scholars of Africa and the
British and French empires focus on three questions: How have
historians, demographers, and other social scientists understood
colonial populations? What were the demographic realities of
African societies and how did they affect colonial systems of
power? Finally, how did demographic theories developed in Europe
shape policies and administrative structures in the colonies? The
essays approach the subject as either broad analyses of major
demographic questions in Africa\u2019s history or focused case
studies that demonstrate how particular historical circumstances in
individual African societies contributed to differing levels of
fertility, mortality, and migration. Together, the contributors to
The Demographics of Empire question demographic orthodoxy, and in
particular the assumption that African societies in the past
exhibited a single demographic regime characterized by high
fertility and high mortality.
A wealth of information and analysis on the environmental forces
that have helped shaped the cultures of the African continent. The
legacy of the transatlantic slave trade....HIV/AIDS....War and
famine....This volume shows how, despite these difficulties,
Africans were among the first people to develop agriculture, and
today have created impressive networks of national parks and other
land protection systems to help cope with the conflicting demands
of conservation and rapid urbanization. Sub-Saharan Africa sets the
story of the African environment within the context of geological
time and shows how the continent's often harsh conditions prompted
humans to develop unique skills in agriculture, animal husbandry,
and environmental management. Of particular interest are the book's
sections dealing with the impact of the Biafran famine of the
1960s, the Sahelin drought of the 1970s, population growth, and the
ongoing challenges of war and HIV/AIDS. Crucially, the book also
shows how, despite their relative poverty, many African states have
coped admirably with rapid urbanization and have developed
world-class conservation and sustainability programs in order to
protect and harness some of the most endangered species in the
world.
History is preserved by individuals. Ernest M. Kongola, a retired
educator in living in Dodoma, Tanzania, has devoted much of the
last twenty years to preserving the history of his people, the
Gogo. He has produced seven volumes of clan histories, biographies,
accounts of important events, and descriptions of customs and
traditions. Maddox demonstrates how the past is constructed by
critical actors like Ernest Kongola as part of an ongoing process
of constructing the present. Kongola participates in the
construction and maintenance of a truly post-colonial social order.
His work as a public historian, as much as his written narratives,
shapes the role of history in the region. In his projects, he seeks
to harmonize three different visions of the past. One defines
community created by ties of blood and located in a specific place.
A second characterizes history as the development of the modern
nation. The third sees history as the struggle to attain a "state
of grace" with the divine. Kongola seeks to place his community,
which he defines as family and "tribe," within the context of the
Tanzanian nation, within the moral and spiritual order of
Christianity, and within a global society. By "performing" history
as a public figure, he defines more than just himself and his place
in the social order of modern Tanzania; he defines his class. He
consciously seeks to redefine social norms and cultural practices
and to regularize them with Christianity and secular nationalism.
In doing so he participates in the creation of both a national,
Tanzanian modernity and a particular, Gogo one.
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