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This open access book is the product of three years of academic
research that has been carried out in the EU-funded Jean Monnet
Network on "Post-Truth Politics, Nationalism and the Delegitimation
of European Integration" since 2019. Drawing on the
multidisciplinary expertise of the network's members, the book
explores the impact of the phenomenon of post-truth politics on
European integration and the European Union. It places particular
emphasis on how post-truth politics has played out in the public
sphere and asks what impact the phenomenon has had on public
deliberation, but reflects also on its implications for democracy
in a wider sense. This book is primarily written for audiences with
an interest in politics and policy making, including academics,
policy makers and civil-society actors. Thanks to its accessible
style, the book should however also be an asset to wider audiences.
Iceland demonstrates most of the characteristics of a modern
liberal democracy. It has maintained political stability through a
democratic process which enjoys universal legitimacy. Rapid
economic modernization has also secured its inhabitants one of the
highest living standards in the world, and a comprehensive and
highly developed health system has ensured them longevity and one
of the lowest rates of infant mortality in the world. Icelanders
face, however, formidable challenges in maintaining their status as
an independent nation. First, the Icelandic economy is fairly
fragile, as overexploitation threatens the fish stocks that remain
among Iceland's principal economic resources. Second, the country
is rich in unused energy resources, because many of its rivers are
still not harnessed, and geothermal power is abundant. But using
these resources will necessarily damage the pristine nature of the
country, forcing the politicians and the Icelandic public to choose
between environmental protection and industrial expansion. Finally,
it remains to be seen if a country with just over 329.740
inhabitants will be able to manage its foreign relations in a
complex and constantly changing world. This third edition of
Historical Dictionary of Iceland contains a chronology, an
introduction, and an extensive bibliography. The dictionary section
has over 200 cross-referenced entries on important personalities,
politics, economy, foreign relations, religion, and culture. This
book is an excellent access point for students, researchers, and
anyone wanting to know more about Iceland.
While Iceland is the second largest inhabited island in Europe,
with only 313,000 inhabitants in 2007, the Icelanders form one of
the smallest independent nations in the world. Around two-thirds of
the population lives in the capital, Reykjavik, and its suburbs,
while the rest is spread around the inhabitable area of the
country. Until fairly recently the Icelandic nation was unusually
homogeneous, both in cultural and religious terms; in 1981, around
98 percent of the nation was born in Iceland and 96 percent
belonged to the Lutheran state church or other Lutheran religious
sects. In 2007, these numbers were down to 89 and 86 percent
respectively, reflecting the rapidly growing multicultural nature
of Icelandic society. The A to Z of Iceland traces Iceland's
history and provides a compass for the direction the country is
heading. This is done through its chronology, introductory essays,
appendixes, map, bibliography, and hundreds of cross-referenced
dictionary entries on important persons, places, events, and
institutions and significant political, economic, social, and
cultural aspects.
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