We are pleased to present to our readers the proceedings of the Fourth Bari Seminars in Nephrology. The Topic of these proceedings deals with tubulo- interstitial nephropathies. The Bari Seminars in nephrology are bi-annual meetings attended by a large international audience comprised of clinician-scientists in the various disci- plines of nephrology and related fields. We trust that our readers will find the content of these proceedings reward- ing and interesting. We are indebted for the generous financial support of the Centro Nationale delle Richerche, Italy. Alberto Amerio Pasquale Coratelli Shaul G. Massry TUBULO-INTERSTITIAL NEPHROPATHIES 1 STRUCTURAL, ASPECTS OF THE RENAL INTERSTITIUM W.KRIZ AND K.V. LEMLEY Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, D-6900 Heidelberg 1, F.R.G. Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, Division of Nephrology, Los Angeles, U.S.A. The interstitium of the kidney includes the extravascular inter- tubular spaces of" the renal parenchyma, with their attendant cellular elements and extracellular substances. It is bounded on all sides by tubular and vascular basement membranes. The lymphatics are considered as part of the interstitium.

We are pleased to present to our readers the proceedings of the Fourth Bari Seminars in Nephrology. The Topic of these proceedings deals with tubulo- interstitial nephropathies. The Bari Seminars in nephrology are bi-annual meetings attended by a large international audience comprised of clinician-scientists in the various disci- plines of nephrology and related fields. We trust that our readers will find the content of these proceedings reward- ing and interesting. We are indebted for the generous financial support of the Centro Nationale delle Richerche, Italy. Alberto Amerio Pasquale Coratelli Shaul G. Massry TUBULO-INTERSTITIAL NEPHROPATHIES 1 STRUCTURAL, ASPECTS OF THE RENAL INTERSTITIUM W.KRIZ AND K.V. LEMLEY Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Heidelberg, D-6900 Heidelberg 1, F.R.G. Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles, Division of Nephrology, Los Angeles, U.S.A. The interstitium of the kidney includes the extravascular inter- tubular spaces of" the renal parenchyma, with their attendant cellular elements and extracellular substances. It is bounded on all sides by tubular and vascular basement membranes. The lymphatics are considered as part of the interstitium.

This issue of Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics, guest edited by Drs. John B. Holds and Guy Massry, is dedicated to Oculoplastic Surgery. This series is one of four selected each year by the series consulting editor, Dr. J. Reagan Thomas. Topics will include-but are not limited to-Brow lift: open approaches, Brow lift: endoscopic approach, Upper blepharoplasty, Blepharoptosis repair: external aponeurotic repair, Blepharoptosis repair: internal approach, Lower blepharoplasty: external approach, Canthoplasty techniques, Lower blepharoplasty: transconjunctival approach, Treatment of lower eyelid festoons, Dermal fillers as an alternative to lower blepharoplasty surgery, Misuse and complications of periocular dermal fillers, Autogenous fat transfer in revision periocular surgery, Surgical treatment of post-blepharoplasty lower eyelid retraction, and the prominent eye: what to watch-out for.

Traditionally, professional medical and surgical society meetings, journals, and texts are single-specialty driven to accommodate specific specialists with information most important to them. A consequence of this structure is that it can create an unintentional and artificial barrier to sharing knowledge that can benefit patient outcomes. Cosmetic and reconstructive surgeons, more than ever, are seeking to know what other specialists are doing. This publication, the first of a series, focuses on the brow and upper eyelid rejuvenation and presents varied and complementary techniques from the core specialties of Plastic surgery, Oculoplastic surgery, Facial plastic surgery, and Dermatology to address all aspects of rejuvenation procedures of the upper face. Surgical and non-invasive techniques are presented concisely, focusing on time-tested as well as novel procedures. The most talented and accomplished subspecialists in their respective fields provide insights into such topics as Preoperative Evaluation for the Upper Eyelid and Brow; Aesthetic Enhancements in Upper Blepharoplasty; Asian Upper Lid Blepharoplasty; Prevention and Intraoperative Management of Blepharoplasty Complications; Ptosis Repair in Aesthetic Blepharoplasty; Adjunctive Fat Grafting of the Brow/Upper Lid; The Open Brow Lift; Adjunctive Skin Care of the Brow and Upper Lid; among many others. Specific techniques, Patient perspective and goals, and clear anatomic descriptions are presented with each procedure, with several offering technique videos. Guest editors Babak Azizzadeh and Guy Massry strongly believe that, with more and varied practitioners with different training taking on cosmetic and reconstructive surgeries or procedures, transparency of information is essential in order to expose the best information to all practitioners of this art and science.