With the fast development of networking and software technologies, information processing infrastructure and applications have been growing at an impressive rate in both size and complexity, to such a degree that the design and development of high performance and scalable data processing systems and networks have become an ever-challenging issue. As a result, the use of performance modeling and m- surementtechniquesas a critical step in designand developmenthas becomea c- mon practice. Research and developmenton methodologyand tools of performance modeling and performance engineering have gained further importance in order to improve the performance and scalability of these systems. Since the seminal work of A. K. Erlang almost a century ago on the mod- ing of telephone traf c, performance modeling and measurement have grown into a discipline and have been evolving both in their methodologies and in the areas in which they are applied. It is noteworthy that various mathematical techniques were brought into this eld, including in particular probability theory, stochastic processes, statistics, complex analysis, stochastic calculus, stochastic comparison, optimization, control theory, machine learning and information theory. The app- cation areas extended from telephone networks to Internet and Web applications, from computer systems to computer software, from manufacturing systems to s- ply chain, from call centers to workforce management.

With the fast development of networking and software technologies, information processing infrastructure and applications have been growing at an impressive rate in both size and complexity, to such a degree that the design and development of high performance and scalable data processing systems and networks have become an ever-challenging issue. As a result, the use of performance modeling and m- surementtechniquesas a critical step in designand developmenthas becomea c- mon practice. Research and developmenton methodologyand tools of performance modeling and performance engineering have gained further importance in order to improve the performance and scalability of these systems. Since the seminal work of A. K. Erlang almost a century ago on the mod- ing of telephone traf c, performance modeling and measurement have grown into a discipline and have been evolving both in their methodologies and in the areas in which they are applied. It is noteworthy that various mathematical techniques were brought into this eld, including in particular probability theory, stochastic processes, statistics, complex analysis, stochastic calculus, stochastic comparison, optimization, control theory, machine learning and information theory. The app- cation areas extended from telephone networks to Internet and Web applications, from computer systems to computer software, from manufacturing systems to s- ply chain, from call centers to workforce management.

The problem of environmental vibrations induced by moving traffic loads, is today increasingly one of the fundamental problems to be solved in traffic line planning and design, because they not only influence the living and working of human beings, but also make many high-tech projects unable to work normally. Since the effects of various transportation sources are different, and soil properties play a critical role in the propagation of vibrations, the problem of environmental vibrations is very complex. This book contains the research of the authors via fundamental theories, numerical simulations and field experiments. The main contents include the basic theory and analysis approaches in traffic-induced environmental vibrations, prediction and mitigation through ballast mats of rail traffic induced track-ground vibrations, railway traffic induced ground vibration and its prediction approaches, numerical modelling of vibrations induced by rail traffic in tunnels, investigation of train-induced ground vibrations using FEM and field experiments, human induced vibrations of pedestrian bridges and their prevention, prediction of environmental vibration from underground trains, numerical evaluation on train-induced ground vibration around high-speed railway viaducts, vibration isolation by ground barriers, environmental vibration induced by elevated railway traffic, and train induced vibration in elevated railway stations.