At which Oxford college does a trumpeter summon you to dinner? What does the appearance of a rose bowl signify? How would you use a grace cup as distinct from a sconce cup? The custom of dining in formal hall at Oxford and Cambridge dates back to the earliest days of college life. Before each dinner, according to ancient statutes, grace must be spoken in Latin, and although the text and nature of the grace for each college may have changed over the years, it is a tradition which remains current to this day. Following a historical introduction, the full Latin texts of the graces of the colleges of Oxford and Cambridge are given in this book, accompanied by a facing English translation. Special graces reserved for feast days are also included, along with an explanation of some of the traditions which accompany dining in college halls. From an exploration of the twelfth-century monastic origins of the texts to the creation of two-word graces in the nineteenth century and new texts for the modern age, this meticulous collection reveals how the tradition of the Latin grace has survived and evolved over the centuries and offers a rare glimpse inside the private halls of Oxbridge.

For the first six centuries from the institution's foundation, Latin was the language spoken and written at the University of Oxford. It's no surprise, then, to find that the inscriptions carved into the monuments, colleges and municipal buildings of the city are for the most part also in Latin. It is also a language which lends itself to compression, so an inscription in Latin uses fewer characters than English, for example, saving space and money. But what do they all mean? For this book Reginald Adams has assembled, translated and explained a wide selection of Oxford's Latin inscriptions (and a few Greek ones). These can be found in many accessible places in both city and university, dating from the medieval period to the present day. Their purposes range from tributes and memorials to decorations and witty commentaries on the edifice that they adorn. The figures commemorated include Queen Anne, Roger Bacon, Cardinal Wolsey, Cecil Rhodes, T. E. Lawrence and a kind landlady who provided 'enormous breakfasts', as well as other eminent scholars and generous benefactors. These evocative mementos of the past bring insight to the informed observer of their surroundings and also vividly illustrate the history of Oxford.

This far-reaching and absorbing book is designed to help identify and value woodwind instruments made in Europe and the United States during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Drawing upon the author's many years of research in the field, the book includes a brief history of European woodwind instruments made during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; biographies of important makers; a glossary of terms that will be a welcome help for the novice; a list of key systems; resources for obtaining further information from books, museums, societies, and online; and most importantly, information and nearly 300 images taken from over 20 trade catalogs printed between 1880 and 1930 in Europe and the United States. Featured among these is a complete translation of William Heckel's rare, circa 1930 catalog. This comprehensive volume is an outstanding resource for beginning and advanced collectors of musical instruments as well as for museum curators.

This is the story of the Rankins, a family that embodied the risk and ambition that transformed America. John Rankin arrived in the West chasing the adventure of gold mining but soon turned to ranching and building in the new town of Missoula. There he met Olive Pickering, who had left New Hampshire in 1878 to become a teacher and seek a husband on the American frontier. John and Olive's children continued to demonstrate their parent's ambition and nerve. Their son became one of the biggest landowners in the country, one of the first personal injury lawyers, and a crusader against railroads and mining. Jeannette became the first woman in a national legislature, voted against two world wars and led marches protesting the Vietnam War. As a dean, Harriet helped develop the modern co-educational university. Edna traveled the world advocating for birth control. The Rankins faced both national adulation and condemnation for the choices they made. Their family story concerns independence and education, activism, the boundaries created by gender, religious choices, and the changing meaning of the West.

In 1935, the United States Congress began employing large numbers of American artists through the Works Progress Administration-fiction writers, dramatists, photographers, poster artists, painters, sculptors, muralists, wood carvers, composers and choreographers, as well as journalists, historians and researchers. Secretary of Commerce and supervisor of the WPA Harry Hopkins hailed it a ""renascence of the arts, if we can call it a rebirth when it has no precedent in our history."" Women were eminently involved, creating a wide variety of art and craft, interweaving their own stories with those of other women whose lives might not otherwise have been the subject of artistic attention. This book takes a look at the thousands of women artists who worked for the U.S. government, the historical and social worlds they described and the collaborative depiction of womanhood they created at a pivotal moment in American history.

Winifred Black worked in journalism from 1888 to 1936, often writing under the pseudonym Annie Laurie. Her work appeared in the Hearst papers - especially the San Francisco Examiner - and in fifty additional newspapers weekly through syndication. Black wrote 10,000 short pieces, as well as three books, a nonfiction oeuvre that combined quasi-autobiographical details with characters and scenes to provide cultural analysis for a nationwide audience. She wrote about the realities facing modern women - their work, their marriages and divorces, the violence they endured, their need for independence. Contemporary praise for Black named her ""the world's most famous feature writer"" and ""one of the world's most successful reporters,"" while her critics affixed the pejorative labels ""stunt girl"" and ""sob sister."" This study covers her influential career and gives the first serious attention to her journalism and nonfiction.

This book examines the intersection and interplay between Progressive-Era rhetoric regarding commercialized vice and the realities of prostitution in early-twentieth-century Philadelphia. Arguing that any study of commercial sexual vice in a historical context is difficult given the paucity of evidence, this work instead focuses on reformers' construction of a cultural view of prostitution, which Adams argues was based more upon their perceptions of the trade than on reality itself. Looking at the urban core of the city, Progressive reformers saw vice, immorality, and decay-but as they frequently had little face-to-face interaction with prostitutes plying their trade, they were forced to construct culturally fueled archetypes to explain what they believed they saw. Ultimately, reformers in Philadelphia were battling against a rhetorical creation of their own design, and any study of anti-vice reform in the early twentieth century tells us more about the relationship between activists and the government than it does about vice itself.

This book provides police investigators and homicide detectives with a practical method of analyzing 911 homicide calls to uncover the truth. A structured analysis of 911 homicide calls can directly aid in developing investigative leads, planning interviews and solving cases. Case examples present proven, reliable methods as to when a caller is telling the truth or not. This book lays out a framework to analyze the call to determine truth from fiction. Every member of the investigative team, from call-taker to first responder, investigator, coroner's investigators, and prosecutor, can contribute to the success of investigations through their knowledge of 911 call analysis.

From 1880 to 1920, the first truly national visual culture developed in the United States as a result of the completion of the Pacific Railroad. At that time, a new level of invention, reproduction, and distribution of all kinds of images was taking shape. Women, especially young and beautiful ones, found new lives shaped by their participation in that visual culture. This rapidly evolving age left behind the cult of domesticity that reigned in the nineteenth century to give rise to new types of women based on a single feature--a type of hair, skin, dress, or prop--including the Gibson Girl, the sob sister, the stunt girl, the hoochy-coochy dancer, and the bearded lady. Exploring both high and low culture, from the circus and film to newspapers and magazines, this intriguing volume examines depictions of women at the dawn of mass media, depictions that would remain influential throughout the twentieth century.

Collecting antique brass musical instruments involves a fascinating and wide range of subjects, including music history, art history, political history, industrial history, and changing aesthetics. Designed for musical instrument collectors and those who regularly encounter antique brass musical instruments made before 1920, this book features more than 100 original line drawings from musical instrument catalogs as well as interesting new information regarding these instruments. Readers with a background or interest in music and musical instruments will find this book a valuable resource for years to come and one that will enhance their knowledge and collection. Antique Brass Wind Instruments also includes a helpful value guide, a glossary of terms, a bibliography of scholarly reference books, and several appendices of particular interest to beginning collectors.

This authoritative guide on reconstructive techniques for degenerative mitral valve disease presents step-by-step instructions for each procedure pioneered by Alain Carpentier, MD, PhD. More than 200 detailed anatomic drawings provide clear depictions so that you can effectively apply the techniques of a master. Apply the techniques and procedures of Dr. Alain Carpentier-pioneer of mitral valve reconstruction-to your practice. View more than 200 detailed anatomic drawings that depict reconstruction procedures clearly. Master each procedure using step-by-step instructions and a consistent chapter format. Grasp the nuances of procedures thanks to "tips from the Master" and a section of questions and answers. Tap into the knowledge and experience of leaders in the field of mitral valve repair and reconstruction.

The fall of 2018 saw an unprecedented number of women enter Congress, changing estimates of how long it might take to achieve equal representation. For the first time, women candidates employed techniques honed by America's political families, which have helped women enter the sphere of politics since as early as 1916. Drawing on extensive research and conversations with successful women politicians, this book offers a history and investigation of the political opportunities provided to women through familial connections. Family networks have a long history of enabling women to run for political office, and have provided much for the latest group of candidates to emulate.

In 1970, a group of young lawyers launched a new kind of organisation and helped secure the country's bedrock environmental laws. Ever since, the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) has harnessed its legal and scientific expertise to become one of the fiercest protectors of public health and the environment. In this recounting of NRDC's 50-year history, cofounder John Adams tells the ongoing story about fighting the world's most powerful polluters and winning. Alongside archival photography and insider accounts, Adams celebrates a half century of victories, everything from saving whales to getting lead pipes out of Flint, Michigan, to protecting treasured landscapes, like Alaska's Katmai National Park & Preserve. But the book is also a road map for the future, offering hard-won lessons on how to tackle problems that lie at the intersection of science and society. Today, as humanity faces the climate crisis, the stakes have never been higher nor the solutions more complex which is why NRDC remains uniquely positioned as the earth's best defense.

This book provides police investigators and homicide detectives with a practical method of analyzing 911 homicide calls to uncover the truth. A structured analysis of 911 homicide calls can directly aid in developing investigative leads, planning interviews and solving cases. Case examples present proven, reliable methods as to when a caller is telling the truth or not. This book lays out a framework to analyze the call to determine truth from fiction. Every member of the investigative team, from call-taker to first responder, investigator, coroner's investigators, and prosecutor, can contribute to the success of investigations through their knowledge of 911 call analysis.

From the author of the acclaimed biography of Harry Hopkins comes this first full-scale portrait of Franklin D. Roosevelt's top military advisor, Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy. The president's personal chief of staff and chairman of the newly established Joint Chiefs of Staff, Admiral Leahy was the highest-ranking military officer in the nation and one of the most powerful men in Washington during the war years. Along with Hopkins he enjoyed Roosevelt's complete trust. But unlike his better-known White House counterpart and the prominent military leaders of the day, Leahy quietly performed his valuable services behind the scenes. Consequently, he never received the fame of his more dynamic colleagues and soon after retirement faded into history.   Henry H. Adams takes this forgotten figure out of the shadows and places him beside the president he so brilliantly and devotedly served. He shows how Leahy, as FDR's confidant, his contributions to the war effort were so valuable that Adams credits Leahy, along with Hopkins, as being chiefly responsible for the smooth transfer of power to Truman upon Roosevelt's death.   This biography is equally revealing of Leahy's earlier years of service to the government as chief of naval starting the buildup of what would become a powerful two-ocean navy. It describes his brief but important tenure as governor of Puerto Rico and his later service as ambassador to Vichy France.   Witness to Power ensures that Leahy, because of the central role he played during one of America's most important eras, will assume his rightful place on the historical stage.

This volume presents the findings of the largest campaign of archaeological investigation yet undertaken along Liverpool's historic waterfront, by Oxford Archaeology North and the National Museums Liverpool Field Archaeology Unit. This work centred on the areas of Mann Island, Pier Head, and the Central Docks, all places that either fall within, or are directly adjacent to, the Liverpool - Maritime Mercantile City World Heritage Site, and it formed a prelude to the construction of a commercial development and the Museum of Liverpool, and also the extension of the Leeds and Liverpool Canal. The investigations uncovered numerous remains relating to eighteenth- and nineteenth-century dock building and land reclamation, as well as concomitant evidence for the use and occupation of the waterfront, and the wider town, during these periods. The archaeological evidence has been complemented by detailed historical research, which together provide significant insights into the dynamic and evolving system of dock and quayside development, occurring between the early eighteenth and early twentieth centuries. This development was integral to Liverpool's wider history, and the archaeological remains reflect the port's nascent post-medieval growth, commercial zenith during the nineteenth century, and eventual twentieth-century decline, prior to the extensive schemes of urban regeneration which now characterise the present-day waterfront. Moreover, this extensive campaign of investigation indicates how archaeology along the waterfront represents an important technique for uncovering the nuances of an area that was integral to the rise and success of Liverpool, and which also continues to exert a significant sway on Liverpool's cultural and economic identity.

In the years from 1880 to 1940, considered the glory days of the American circus, between a third and a half of the cast members were women, a large group of very visible American workers whose story has never been told. In this book, drawing on diverse sources such as diaries, autobiographies, newspaper accounts, films, posters, and route books, the authors first consider the popular media's presentation of these performers as unnatural and scandalous--as well as romantic and thrilling. The book next moves to the stories told by circus women, which contradict and complicate other versions of their lives. Across America in those years an array of acts featured women, such as tableaux, freak shows, girlie shows, tiger acts, and aerial performance, all involving special skills and means of communication with an audience. By beginning with representations of women as circus performers and then moving to the performances themselves, this book offers a unique and fascinating view of what it meant to be an American woman at work.

A chance find of Roman pottery in a garden at Irby, Wirral in the 1940s led in 1987 to the discovery of an important and long-lived settlement site by archaeologists from National Museums & Galleries on Merseyside (now National Musuems Liverpool). Excavating from 1987 to 1996 in a series of suburban gardens, they found evidence for a long sequence of occupation from the mesolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age, Romano-British, early medieval and later medieval periods. This book presents the evidence of the structures, artefacts and plant remains from this long-lived settlement. Key discoveries include regionally important buildings from the middle Bronze Age and from the Viking period, as well as extensive Roman and late medieval occupation, which contributes significantly to our understanding of settlement and economy in Wirral and the wider region during these periods.