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This book is a collection of systematically prepared case studies
describing the environmental policy ofthirteen countriesin terms
ofcapacity-building. Capacity for environmental policy and
management, as the concept is used in this volume, has been defined
broadly as a society's "ability (...) to devise and implement
solutions to environmental issues as part of a wider effort to
achieve sustainable development" (OECD). Since the late 1960s
capacity-building in environmental policy and management can be
observed across the world. It may have made insufficient progress
as yet from an environmentalist point of view, but it has produced
some remarkable results, and not only in the industrialised world.
In the first chapter we present the conceptual framework that
underlies the national case studies. In the course ofour research
project the authors ofthe book met together twice to discuss this
framework in the light of the national experi ences and to
harmonise their approaches. In this way we have tried to offer more
than a collection of individual and incoherent case studies,
focusing only on specific environmental problems, institutions,
actors, or instruments. The idea behind this book is to give a
systematic, comparative overview ofthe fundamental conditions under
which environmental policies is practised in selected countries."
This book is the second collection of systematic case studies
describing national environmental policies in 17 countries in terms
of capacity building (see Appen dix). The OECD defines
environmental capacity building as "a society's ability to identify
and solve environmental problems. " While various institutions,
including UNEP, FAO, World Bank and OECD, have hitherto used the
terms environmental capacity and capacity building almost
exclusively with reference to developing countries, we have
extended the concepts to industrialized countries, as well. The
first collection, edited by Martin Janicke, Helge Joergens (both
Free University Berlin) and Helmut Weidner (Social Science Research
Center Berlin), was pub lished in 1997 under the title "National
Environmental Policies - A Comparative Study of Capacity-Building"
(Berlin, etc.: Springer Verlag). It included 13 studies of
countries. As in the first volume, chapter I presents the
conceptual framework underlying the national case studies. It is a
slightly shorter version of the corresponding chap ter in volume I.
The design of all case studies in the two volumes is largely con
gruent with this conceptual framework. Although the various
sections of the stud ies do not always have identical titles and
subtitles, the central elements of the capacity-building approach
have been applied in all cases."
This book provides a systematic description and analysis of the development of national environmental policies in seventeen countries in terms of capacity building. It covers a broad spectrum of different types of countries, ranging from advanced industrial, newly industrializing and transition countries to developing countries, representing all continents. This allows the reader to draw conclusions about the chances of an effective global environmental policy, the interrelationship between economic and environmental development as well as the importance of globalization, new forms of governance, and democratization for sustainable development. The editors deliver a broad cross-national survey covering altogether thirty countries and focussing on the diffusion of environmental innovations, the globalization of environmental policy, and the worldwide convergence of basic environmental policy patterns.
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