Published in 1968: The author not only pioneered modern-style village surveys in both England and India, but also modern style urban surveys and studies in India. There he broke new ground in his remarkable first-hand researches on agricultural labour, village economics, depressed or "Untouchable" classes in town and country, and human and industrial relations in India's first steel town, Jamshedpur. In the text of this book we reproduce thirty-five of the author's papers - in whole, in part, or in summary.

Published in 1968: The author not only pioneered modern-style village surveys in both England and India, but also modern style urban surveys and studies in India. There he broke new ground in his remarkable first-hand researches on agricultural labour, village economics, depressed or "Untouchable" classes in town and country, and human and industrial relations in India's first steel town, Jamshedpur. In the text of this book we reproduce thirty-five of the author's papers - in whole, in part, or in summary.

It is necessary to realize that the term "photosynthetic prokaryotes" encom- passes the widest and most diverse grouping of bacteria, but in itself has no taxonomic or phylogenetic significance. It means those organisms, other than eukaryotes, which require, obligately or facultatively, light for growth. The re cent application 16S rRNA sequencing to microbial phylogeny, asso- ciated mainly with the work of Woese, emphasizes the evolutionarily dis- persed nature of purpIe and green photosynthetic bacteria as weIl as the rather coherent phylogenetic connections of the cyanobacteria. It is not surprising, therefore, that a volume such as this which seeks to give an introduction to this collection of organisms must be highly selective; ac- cordingly, several important features are discussed only superficiaIly, e. g. , differentiation, life cycles, and biochemical aspects of nutrition. Rather, we have attempted to provide adescription of the essential features which are common and those which are characteristic, e. g. , the physiology of photo- synthesis and ecological distribution. Bearing in mind the aim of the series, we have asked our authors to emphasize aspects of the importance of these organisms in nature and their industrial applications. As will be seen from the text, these organisms have an ancient history in "biotechnology," having been used as foodstuffs by several cultures, but their exploitation has been limited to their natural patterns and products of growth.

The first book to focus exclusively on women as subjects in street art, this study, part travelogue and part dialogue, examines these depictions of women artistically, politically, and culturally across continents. Interviews with artists peel back the layers between artist and image, revealing stories about their work, its context, and its environment. From artists in LA pushing back on Hollywood's shiny perfection; to painters in Costa Rica examining the cultural links of women, myth, and nature; to women in South Africa decrying domestic violence, what links these works are their temporality and public ownership. Why do wall artists choose women as their frequent and favourite subjects? What does it say about our conceptions of gender and rebellion, protest, pride, place, and community? And how does the growing commercialisation of street art affect their portrayal? Colour photos and guided historical context provoke these questions and inspire further ones.

Vor mehr als 12 Jahren wurden die H -Rezeptor-Antagonisten - 2 als Ergebnis induktiver Forschung - in die Therapie des peptischen Ulkusleidens eingefUhrt. JAMES W. BLACK, dem wir die Entdek- kung dieser neuen Stoffgruppe verdanken, wurde 1988 mit dem Nobelpreis fUr Medizin ausgezeichnet. Mit den Hz-Rezeptor-Antagonisten begann eine neue Ara der Ulkustherapie. Die Patienten werden unter H -Rezeptor-Anta- 2 gonisten in der Regel in wenigen Tagen beschwerdefrei, Ulzera im Duodenum und Magen heilen zu einem hohen Prozentsatz in vier bis sechs Wochen; selbst eine Rezidivprophylaxe gelingt mit dies en Substanzen in hohem MaBe. Die Konsequenz der erstaun- lichen Wirkqualitaten der H2-Rezeptor-Antagonisten war ein Rilckgang der operativen Eingriffe wegen eines Ulkusleidens. Operationen sind heute nur noch bei Auftreten von Komplikatio- nen oder bei fehlender Compliance angezeigt. Inzwischen wurden mehrere H -Rezeptor-Antagonisten unter- 2 schiedlicher Struktur entwickelt, die sich insbesondere bezilglich ihrer Affinitat zu den H -Rezeptoren unterscheiden. Die zunachst 2 eingefilhrten Imidazol-haltigen Substanzen besitzen eine relativ geringe derartige Affinitat, die bei den Aminomethylfuranen deutlich haher liegt. Die hOchste Affinitat und Selektivitat zu Hz- Rezeptoren weist Famotidin auf, ein Guanidinothiazol. Die lange Wirkdauer und die bemerkenswert gute Vertraglichkeit sind dar- auf zurilckzufUhren. Die hohe Selektivitat der Bindung an Hz-Rezeptoren und die vergleichsweise niedrige Dosierung von Famotidin lieBen diese Substanz zu einem H -Rezeptor-Antagonisten der ersten Wahl 2 werden. AIle klinischen Studien, die in den letzten Jahren mit Famotidin durchgefUhrt wurden, haben eine den bisher verfilg- baren Hz-Rezeptor-Antagonisten vergleichbare Wirkung bezilg- lich der Ulkusheilung und der Rezidivprophylaxe bei Duodena- lulzera aufgezeigt.

Nul' wenige del' Lagerwerkstoffe sind wirkliche Heimstoffe. In LandeI'll, in denen Rohstoffmangel eine zielbewuBte Heimstoffwirt schaft voraussetzt, muB die Frage del' Bewertung und del' Auswahl zweckmaBig zusammengesetzter und doch hochleistungsfahiger Lager werkstoffe im Mittelpunkt des Interesses stehen. Selten vielseitig ist die Zahl del' Einfhisse, von denen das Verhalten des Lagerwerkstoffs abhangt, ebenso vielseitig Form und Verwendung des einzelnen Lagers. Besonders schwierig ist daher auch auf diesem Gebiet die Gewinnung eindeutig ubertragbarer Betriebserfahrungen und sogar auch schon del' Laboratoriumsprufungsergebnisse. Trotzdem verlangt eine ziel bewuBte Heimstoffwirtschaft neben den kurzgefaBten Richtlinien und Umstellnormen noch ein kleines Handbuch, das Ziel und Sinn aller diesel' Anweisungen erweitert und sie miteinander verbindet. Als Ob mann des Ausschusses fur Werkstoffe im FachausschuB fUr Werkstoff kunde im VDI konnte ich mich daher del' Aufforderung des Verlages, ein solches Buch herauszugeben, nicht entziehen. Zu vielseitig ist das Gebiet, zu sturmisch die Entwicklung, als daB man schon heute in einem sol chen Buch alles erfassen konnte. Urn den Inhalt zu beschranken, ist von allem abgesehen, was nicht unmittelbar zum Thema gehort. Die Durchfuhrung del' mechanischen undchemischen Untersuchung, die Probe nahmen, sind nicht erortert worden, auch von einem allgemeinen Aufsatz libel' die GuBtechnik von metallischen Lagerwerkstoffen wurde abgesehen, jedoch findet sich daruber Naheres in den Einzelabsatzen. Del' all gemeine Teil enthalt drei Absiitze: Grundlagen del' Konstruktion, Aus wahl und Bewertung und Lagerprufung. 1m Hauptteil ist unterschieden: in Kunststoffe und metallische Gleitlagerwerkstoffe. Bei letzteren wieder ist unterteilt in Legierungen und gehartete und gesinterte Metalle."

Dieses Erganzungswerk verdankt sein Entst.ehen mehrseitigen An regungen, die groBen Fortschritte der chemisch-technischen Unter suchungsmethoden, die in den letzten Jahren ausgearbeitet worden sind, den Benutzern des Hauptwerkes leicht zuganglich zu machen. Die Ver wirklichung dieses Vorhabens hat es mpglich gemacht, auch neuartige wertvoIle Untersuchungsmethoden zu behandeln, die bisher noch keine oder eine unzulangliche Beriicksichtigung gefunden hatten. Bei dem vorliegenden Band sind es die Methoden der Polarographie, Chromatographie, Fluorescenzanal yse, die in wenigen J ahren so weit ausgestaltet worden sind, daB sie ihre groBe Bedeutung und den wesentlichen Fortschritt auf analytischem Gebiet dargetan und in der chemischen Technik bereits Eingang gefunden haben. Sie sind sicher berufen, auch hier das analytische Arbeiten zu erweitern und bequemer zu gestalten. Von den Erganzungsbeitragen zu den Abschnitten des Hauptwerkes sind einige kurz, einige recht urnfangreich ausgefallen. Keine Er ganzungen sind in diesem Band fUr die Abschnitte Allgemeine Operationen, Zug- und Druckmessungen, Araometrie und Gasvolurnetrie, Rontgenographische Unt.ersuchungsmethoden, Organische Analysen erforderlich gewesen. Die Riickverweisung auf die zugehorigen Abschnitte des Haupt werkes sind, wo nur angangig, mit kurzer Angabe der Bandnummer und der Seitenzahl (z. B. III, 427) geschehen, urn die Benutzung des Gesamt werkes moglichst be quem zu gestalten. Aus diesem Grund wird auch dem 3. Band des Erganzungswerkes einGesamtsachregister angefiigt werden, das beide, das Haupt- und das -Erganzungswerk urnfassen wird."

The life and times growing up in early 1900s central Texas. The author lived in the towns of Brandon, Penelope and the community of Gholson near Waco and he tells often humorous stories of the people and events in those places. His art work depicting some of these things gives an added dimension. After leaving Texas, he made his home in Alabama. Born in 1903, his life spanned a period from the horse drawn wagons and the first Wright brothers' flight, to the moon landing and the first space station. Anyone interested in Texas at that time, or who has an interest in the Mann, Kimbro or Trammell families should find this fascinating reading.

This scarce antiquarian book is a selection from Kessinger Publishing's Legacy Reprint Series. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment to protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature. Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone!

Debt was an inescapable fact of life in early America. At the beginning of the eighteenth century, its sinfulness was preached by ministers and the right to imprison debtors was unquestioned. By 1800, imprisonment for debt was under attack and insolvency was no longer seen as a moral failure, merely an economic setback. In "Republic of Debtors," Bruce H. Mann illuminates this crucial transformation in early American society. From the wealthy merchant to the backwoods farmer, Mann tells the personal stories of men and women struggling to repay their debts and stay ahead of their creditors. He opens a window onto a society undergoing such fundamental changes as the growth of a commercial economy, the emergence of a consumer marketplace, and a revolution for independence. In addressing debt Americans debated complicated questions of commerce and agriculture, nationalism and federalism, dependence and independence, slavery and freedom. And when numerous prominent men including the richest man in America and a justice of the Supreme Court found themselves imprisoned for debt or forced to become fugitives from creditors, their fate altered the political dimensions of debtor relief, leading to the highly controversial Bankruptcy Act of 1800. Whether a society forgives its debtors is not just a question of law or economics; it goes to the heart of what a society values. In chronicling attitudes toward debt and bankruptcy in early America, Mann explores the very character of American society.

As the title of this book states, this is a collection of articles I have written over the years that have no particular relationship to each other. The articles are attempts to answer the following questions: Are there translation difficulties in the KJV? Was Matthias really the replacement for Judas? Are non-overcomers going to spend 1000 years in purgatory? When did Sunday replace the Sabbath? Was James really an incurable legalist who disagreed with Paul? Are modern translations better than the KJV? When you deal with the translation of biblical terms, do you know what you're talking about? How does the 1611 KJV differ from the version of the KJV we read today? These are issues that interested me at one point or another, and maybe others will be intrigued by them as well.

LAND AND LABOUR IN A DECCAN VILLAGE STUDY No. 2. BY HAROLD H. MANN. PREFACE THE study of rural life and of rural conditions by close inquiry into the circumstances of a single unit, be it village, parish, or estate, has come to the front prominently in recent years as a method of social and economic investi gation. And by the use of this method, if the villages to be studied are well chosen, a very much more intimate acquaintance with the actual conditions of life than by any other method can be obtained. And this is certainly true in the Deccan where the villages are still the economic and social units in a sense that is far more true than is the case in most countries, and to an extent which even in India is, I think, only found in the Peninsula. The villages are perhaps now tending to be less the relatively isolated units than hitherto, but they are still so to an extent that gives the knowledge even of a single village a very special value for the study of the whole rural conditions of the country. On this account, with the collaboration of a number of friends and assistants, I undertook some years ago the study of a single village near Poona, and the result was published in 1917 under the title of Land and Labour in a Deccan Village. This purported to give a picture of life and conditions in a dry Deccan village. By a dry village, I mean one where irrigation is very limited in amount and where the prosperity of the village depends almost entirely on the annual monsoon rain. That study revealed a number of unexpected facts, and the general conclusions which I drew were certainly of a far more depressing character than I had expected. Only one serious criticism has, however, beenmade. It is said that University of Bombay, Economic Series No. t Oxford University Press, Bombay. IV PREFACE the village chosen Pimpla Soudagar was not typical and did not represent the conditions in any large area in the Deccan. It was, so critics averred, too near Poona, and had too many of its inhabitants working at non-agri cultural occupations to be in any sense a type of what would be found further afield. I, at once, recognised the justice of this criticism. And as a result my collaborators and myself began to seek for a village which while otherwise of a similar character would be free from the defects noted in the former study. This led us to the village which forms the basis for the present study. Jategaon Budruk, though double the size of Pimpla Soudagar in point of area has a population not widely different. The proportion of irrigated area is of the same order. The class of land is not unlike. But it is twenty-five miles from Poona from which, till recently, it was separated by an unbridged road, and it has no local demand for labour for purposes not found in any rural area. It differs truly in another sense, in that it is in an area of smaller and more uncertain rainfall, and as we shall see, this uncertainty is one of the chief features in the village life. But it certainly is typical of a very large area in the Deccan, and I do not think that any criticism can be made of the present study that it does not represent conditions occurring over extensive areas. The actual local inquiry has been chiefly made by my colleagues, and, in fact, it is to them and their careful collection and recording of data that any real value that the present study may possess is due. Mr. N. V.Kanitkar, B. Sc., who shares with me the responsibility of the present publication, lived for a long time on the spot, and became the friend and confidant of almost the whole of the people. Mr. D. L. Sahasrabuddhe, B. Sc...

Combining legal and social history, Bruce Mann explores the relationship between law and society from the mid-seventeenth century to the eve of the Revolution. Analyzing a sample of more than five thousand civil cases from the records of local courts in Connecticut, he shows how once-neighborly modes of disputing yielded to a legal system that treated neighbors and strangers alike.
During the colonial period population growth, immigration, economic development, war, and religious revival transformed the nature and context of official and economic relations in Connecticut. Towns lost the insularity and homogeneity that made them the embodiment of community. Debt litigation was transformed from a communal model of disputing in which procedures were based on the individual disagreements to a system of mechanical rules that homogenized law. Pleading grew more technical, and the civil jury faded from predominance to comparative insignificance. Arbitration and church disciplinary proceedings, the usual alternatives to legal process, became more formal and legalistic and, ultimately, less communal.
Using a computer-assisted analysis of court records and insights drawn from anthropology and sociology, Mann concludes that changes in the law and its applications were tied to the growing commercialization of the economy. They also can be attributed to the fledgling legal profession's approach to law as an autonomous system rather than as a communal process. These changes marked the advent of a legal system that valued predictability and uniformity of legal relations more than responsiveness to individual communities. Mann shows that by the eve of the Revolution colonial law had become less identified with community and more closely associated with society.