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Professor Ma Yinchu's New Population Theory was widely criticised
and discredited in the early years of the People's Republic of
China. However, in 1979, the Chinese government began to accept his
hypothesis that the country could not afford more than a 2%
increase in population and agreed that the population must be
controlled. As a result, the government began setting out campaigns
to promote single-child families and measures to curb fertility in
an attempt to reduce the rate of natural births. First published in
1980, H. Yuan Tien's study demonstrates the major changes that took
place in China in 1979, how the acceptance of New Population Theory
affected the country as a whole and what policies were likely to be
put into place as an after-effect. This title will be of interest
to students of Asian Studies and International Politics.
Professor Ma Yinchu's New Population Theory was widely criticised
and discredited in the early years of the People's Republic of
China. However, in 1979, the Chinese government began to accept his
hypothesis that the country could not afford more than a 2%
increase in population and agreed that the population must be
controlled. As a result, the government began setting out campaigns
to promote single-child families and measures to curb fertility in
an attempt to reduce the rate of natural births. First published in
1980, H. Yuan Tien's study demonstrates the major changes that took
place in China in 1979, how the acceptance of New Population Theory
affected the country as a whole and what policies were likely to be
put into place as an after-effect. This title will be of interest
to students of Asian Studies and International Politics.
Of the porphyrinoid structures occurring in nature the most
important and most widespread are the red blood pigment heme (1),
the green pigment of plant photosynthesis chlorophyll a (2), the
bacterial photo- synthetic pigment bacteriochlorophyll a (3), and
the "antipernicious" red pigment vitamin BJ2 (4). The basic
function of these cofactors are determined by the incorporation of
the different metal ions into the macrotetracycles. The different
oxidation levels of the macrocyclic ligand system regulate the fine
tuning of these functions. The final adaptation of the cofactors to
their special molecular environments in the cell compartments is
effected by variation of the substitution patterns of the
chromophores. HCO,C 3 CO,Phytyl 2 Heme Chlorophyll a CONH, CONH, ~
H,NOC 1 , CONH, /I(Y N~ 3 4 Bacteriochlorophyll a Vitamin B" HO
References, pp. 42-51 Naturally Occurring Cyclic Tetrapyrroles 3
Until the mid-1970s the four classic cyclic tetrapyrrolic
structures with their porphyrin, chi orin, bacteriochlorin, and
corrin skeletons were almost the only representatives in the class
of porphyrinoid natural products (1-10). Although other partially
reduced porphyrins were conceivable, none of these partially
saturated porphyrinoid structures had hitherto been found in
nature.
A multidisciplinary update on continental plate tectonics and plate
boundary discontinuities Understanding the origin and evolution of
the continental crust continues to challenge Earth scientists.
Lithospheric Discontinuities offers a multidisciplinary review of
fine scale layering within the continental lithosphere to aid the
interpretation of geologic layers. Once Earth scientists can
accurately decipher the history, internal dynamics, and evolution
of the continental lithosphere, we will have a clearer
understanding of how the crust formed, how plate tectonics began,
and how our continents became habitable. Volume highlights:
Theories and observations of the current state of tectonic
boundaries and discontinuities Contributions on field observations,
laboratory experiments, and geodynamic predictions from leading
experts in the field Mantle fabrics in response to various mantle
deformation processes Insights on fluid distribution using
geophysical observations, and thermal and viscosity constraints
from dynamic modeling Discontinuities associated with lithosphere
and lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary An integrated study of the
evolving physical and chemical processes associated with
lithosphere asthenosphere interaction Written for academic and
researchgeoscientists, particularly in the field of tectonophysics,
geophysicists, geodynamics, seismology, structural geology,
environmental geology, and geoengineering, Lithospheric
Discontinuities is a valuable resource that sheds light on the
origin and evolution of plate interaction processes.
What has been the effect of China's focus on minimal
reproduction as the centerpiece of the country's effort to regulate
population growth? This book tells the full story of "China's
Strategic Demographic Initiative," tracing its evolutions and
assessing its results and significance in the context of China's
socioeconomic development. Early consensus in population planning
gave rise to voluminous rules, massive drives, vigorous
exhortations, varied sanctions, and above all, strict enforcement.
The one child per couple policy begun in 1978-79 stirred up strong
emotional debate both within China and throughout the outside
world. This text demonstrates the approach, scope, and tempo of
China's population planning.
"China's Strategic Demographic Initiative" is presented in three
parts. First, the overall circumstances which helped to shape
China's population planning effort are revealed. Next the startup,
evolutions, and objectives of the Strategic Demographic Initiative
are interwoven with objections and obstacles to implementation.
Finally, the issue of collective intervention in childbearing and
the limits to population planning bring in social and economic
issues. Major lessons are reviewed. An epilogue updates the
direction of China's population planning effort amid continuing
internal dispute over tactics.
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