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This book assesses whether religious epistemology can be expanded
to argue for the justification of belief in spirits. It focuses
specifically on experiences of spirits, animistic beliefs and
belief in possession.
This unique and pioneering book critically appraises current work
from both the cognitive science of religion and the evolutionary
study of religion. It addresses the question: Why does the believer
possess supernatural or religious beliefs in the combined context
of his cognitive biases, their adaptive usefulness measured in
terms of survival and reproduction, and the impact of social
learning and cultural traits? The authors outlines a pluralistic
approach to the study of religion that does not treat religion as
an accidental by-product but an adaptation selected by natural
selection. Chapters discuss the role of religious components for
the evolution of cooperation and altruism, and explore the
development of atheism and secular ideas, in cognitive and
evolutionary terms. Topics such as the usefulness of religion, the
transmission of religious beliefs, and a Darwinian approach to
religion are among those addressed. Contrary to standard views,
religious biases are regarded as shaped by cultural influences and
not merely by natural dispositions. This monograph will
particularly appeal to researchers who are looking for a scientific
explanation of religion and religious beliefs but who do not stop
at the level of narrow cognitive and evolutionary accounts. The
work will also be of interest to students of philosophy, sociology,
religious studies, theology, or anthropology who seek to explain
such fascinating, complex, and unequivocal phenomena as religion
and religious components.
It is widely thought that the cognitive science of religion (CSR)
may have a bearing on the epistemic status of religious beliefs and
on other topics in philosophy of religion. Epistemologists have
used theories from CSR to argue both for and against the
rationality of religious beliefs, or they have claimed that CSR is
neutral vis-a-vis the epistemic status of religious belief.
However, since CSR is a rapidly evolving discipline, a great deal
of earlier research on the topic has become dated. Furthermore,
most of the debate on the epistemic consequences of CSR has not
taken into account insights from the philosophy of science, such as
explanatory pluralism and explanatory levels. This volume overcomes
these deficiencies. This volume brings together new philosophical
reflection on CSR. It examines the influence of CSR theories on the
epistemic status of religious beliefs; it discusses its impact on
philosophy of religion; and it offers new insights for CSR. The
book addresses the question of whether or not the plurality of
theories in CSR makes epistemic conclusions about religious belief
unwarranted. It also explores the impact of CSR on other topics in
philosophy of religion like the cognitive consequences of sin and
naturalism. Finally, the book investigates what the main theories
in CSR aim to explain, and addresses the strengths and weaknesses
of CSR.
This unique and pioneering book critically appraises current work
from both the cognitive science of religion and the evolutionary
study of religion. It addresses the question: Why does the believer
possess supernatural or religious beliefs in the combined context
of his cognitive biases, their adaptive usefulness measured in
terms of survival and reproduction, and the impact of social
learning and cultural traits? The authors outlines a pluralistic
approach to the study of religion that does not treat religion as
an accidental by-product but an adaptation selected by natural
selection. Chapters discuss the role of religious components for
the evolution of cooperation and altruism, and explore the
development of atheism and secular ideas, in cognitive and
evolutionary terms. Topics such as the usefulness of religion, the
transmission of religious beliefs, and a Darwinian approach to
religion are among those addressed. Contrary to standard views,
religious biases are regarded as shaped by cultural influences and
not merely by natural dispositions. This monograph will
particularly appeal to researchers who are looking for a scientific
explanation of religion and religious beliefs but who do not stop
at the level of narrow cognitive and evolutionary accounts. The
work will also be of interest to students of philosophy, sociology,
religious studies, theology, or anthropology who seek to explain
such fascinating, complex, and unequivocal phenomena as religion
and religious components.
It is widely thought that the cognitive science of religion (CSR)
may have a bearing on the epistemic status of religious beliefs and
on other topics in philosophy of religion. Epistemologists have
used theories from CSR to argue both for and against the
rationality of religious beliefs, or they have claimed that CSR is
neutral vis-a-vis the epistemic status of religious belief.
However, since CSR is a rapidly evolving discipline, a great deal
of earlier research on the topic has become dated. Furthermore,
most of the debate on the epistemic consequences of CSR has not
taken into account insights from the philosophy of science, such as
explanatory pluralism and explanatory levels. This volume overcomes
these deficiencies. This volume brings together new philosophical
reflection on CSR. It examines the influence of CSR theories on the
epistemic status of religious beliefs; it discusses its impact on
philosophy of religion; and it offers new insights for CSR. The
book addresses the question of whether or not the plurality of
theories in CSR makes epistemic conclusions about religious belief
unwarranted. It also explores the impact of CSR on other topics in
philosophy of religion like the cognitive consequences of sin and
naturalism. Finally, the book investigates what the main theories
in CSR aim to explain, and addresses the strengths and weaknesses
of CSR.
This book considers whether recent theories from Cognitive Science
of Religion (CSR) undermine the epistemic status of religious
belief. After introducing the key theories in the growing area of
CSR, Hans Van Eyghen explores some of the epistemic questions
surrounding CSR, including: Is CSR incompatible with the truth of
religious belief? How might CSR show that religious belief is
unreliably formed? And, finally, does CSR undermine the
justification of religious belief by religious experiences? In
addressing these questions, he demonstrates how CSR does not
undermine the epistemic bases for religious belief. This book
offers a clear and concise overview of the current state of
cognitive science of religion and will be of particular interest to
scholars working in philosophy and epistemology of religion.
This book considers whether recent theories from Cognitive Science
of Religion (CSR) undermine the epistemic status of religious
belief. After introducing the key theories in the growing area of
CSR, Hans Van Eyghen explores some of the epistemic questions
surrounding CSR, including: Is CSR incompatible with the truth of
religious belief? How might CSR show that religious belief is
unreliably formed? And, finally, does CSR undermine the
justification of religious belief by religious experiences? In
addressing these questions, he demonstrates how CSR does not
undermine the epistemic bases for religious belief. This book
offers a clear and concise overview of the current state of
cognitive science of religion and will be of particular interest to
scholars working in philosophy and epistemology of religion.
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