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These eight lectures have been written up in a clear and
pedagogical style in order to serve as an introduction for students
to fields of modern astrophysical and astronomical research where
otherwise textbooks are not available. The first four lectures
cover topics in galactic astronomy (formation, structure and
evolution of galaxies) and the remaining four are devoted to
observational methods and astronomical instrumentation. The
lecturers in the European Astrophysical Doctoral Network rank among
the most highly respected specialists, and their lectures have been
carefully edited and updated before publication.
The underlying astrophysical mechanisms of the objects known as
asymptotic giant branch stars - the structures that occur during
the dramatic period prior to a star's death - is the main theme of
this text. Over the past three decades, asymptotic giant branch
stars have become a topic of their own, and the contributions to
this volume all focus on these entities themselves, rather than
their connections to other fields of astronomy. Among the many
topics covered are new methods of high- quality infrared
observation and the more detailed and realistic simulations made
possible by increasingly fast computers. This collection should be
useful to graduate students who work in the field, teachers who
want to address the subject in their courses, and to astronomers
from various backgrounds who are interested in the astrophysics of
AGB stars.
The following text forms the proceedings of a conference. It is
supposed to contain what was actually reported and discussed,
though it does this, one hopes, in a polished and organized way. A
sense of actuality, a reporting quality, makes this book different
from a collection of review papers as, for example, a book in the
series on Stars and Stellar Systems. All Invited Reports have been
included as the Reporters wrote them. The Editor's task has been
restricted to improving the presentation, a process which in most
cases involved only minor revisions. In a few Reports the Editor
did some heavy rewriting; in those cases he checked with the
Reporters. Obviously a different course had to be taken with
respect to the Discussions. They were recorded on tape, transcribed
verbatim and then passed back to the discussants. After the
discussants returned their versions, the Editor rearranged and
condensed the texts and made a considerable effort to provide
references. (Unfortunately he was not able to locate all relevant
Russian papers from 1968 and 1969. ) The Editor takes the
responsibility for mistakes made in this process, which may have
produced occasionally his own 'mix-master Universe'. Actually only
a few discussion remarks were rejected, more often because of
incomprehensibility, rather than because the remark was far from
the subject of the Symposium, or was too long, or was too trivial.
A few very long remarks have been condensed and put at the end of a
Discussion.
The underlying astrophysical mechanisms of the objects known as asymptotic giant branch stars - the structures that occur during the dramatic period prior to a star's death - is the main theme of this text. Over the past three decades, asymptotic giant branch stars have become a topic of their own, and the contributions to this volume all focus on these entities themselves, rather than their connections to other fields of astronomy. Among the many topics covered are new methods of high- quality infrared observation and the more detailed and realistic simulations made possible by increasingly fast computers. This collection should be useful to graduate students who work in the field, teachers who want to address the subject in their courses, and to astronomers from various backgrounds who are interested in the astrophysics of AGB stars.
Planetary nebulae present a fascinating range of shapes and
morphologies. They are ideal laboratories for the study of
different astrophysical processes: atomic physics, radiative
transfer, stellar winds, shocks, wind-wind interaction, and the
interaction between stellar winds and the interstellar medium. In
addition, planetary nebulae provide information about the late
stages of stellar evolution. In the last five years studies of
planetary nebulae have progressed very rapidly and new phenomena
and insights have been gained. This is partly due to new
observations (e.g. from the Hubble Space Telescope, the ISO
satellite and new infrared and millimeter spectrographs) and partly
to the advancement of hydrodynamic simulations of the structures of
planetary nebulae (PN). Many of these new results were reported at
IAU Symposium 180 in Groningen, the Netherlands, on August 26 to
30, 1996. This symposium was dedicated to one of the pioneers of PN
research: Stuart Pottasch. These proceedings contain chapters on:
Introduction to PN with the basic parameters Distances of PN The
central stars of PN The envelopes of PN The evolution from AGB to
PN The evolution from PN to white dwarfs PN in the galactic context
PN in extragalactic systems The future of PN research . The book
contains 29 reviews and more than 200 shorter contributions.
Planetary nebulae present a fascinating range of shapes and
morphologies. They are ideal laboratories for the study of
different astrophysical processes: atomic physics, radiative
transfer, stellar winds, shocks, wind-wind interaction, and the
interaction between stellar winds and the interstellar medium. In
addition, planetary nebulae provide information about the late
stages of stellar evolution. In the last five years studies of
planetary nebulae have progressed very rapidly and new phenomena
and insights have been gained. This is partly due to new
observations (e.g. from the Hubble Space Telescope, the ISO
satellite and new infrared and millimeter spectrographs) and partly
to the advancement of hydrodynamic simulations of the structures of
planetary nebulae (PN). Many of these new results were reported at
IAU Symposium 180 in Groningen, the Netherlands, on August 26 to
30, 1996. This symposium was dedicated to one of the pioneers of PN
research: Stuart Pottasch. These proceedings contain chapters on:
Introduction to PN with the basic parameters Distances of PN The
central stars of PN The envelopes of PN The evolution from AGB to
PN The evolution from PN to white dwarfs PN in the galactic context
PN in extragalactic systems The future of PN research . The book
contains 29 reviews and more than 200 shorter contributions.
In the early summer of '89 a very informal meeting on the bulge of
our Galaxy was held in Leiden. During that meeting Michael Rich
proposed to hold a more properly organised symposium on "Galactic
Bulges" in a few years time. After some discussion a Scientific
Organising Committee was founded and after some manoeuvring a
chairman was chosen, a local organiser was assigned and two editors
were given instructions. A good thing about the location of the
meeting was that Ghent is a very beautiful city and had never
before hosted an IAU symposium. It could be that this, plus the
fact that he is a very keen amateur astronomer led H. M. the King
of Belgium to offer his patronage to the meeting - an offer that we
gratefully and - we hope - gracefully accepted. The meeting took
place at a resort some 15 km outside Ghent. Most participants were
housed on the premises - a very convenient situation. This feeling
of togeth erness made up for the small shortcomings of the lecture
room, which is normally used as a sports hall. The weather was
fair, except on the day of the barbecue when pouring rain forced us
to go inside.
This book contains the proceedings of the first large IAU Symposium
dedicated to the bulges of spiral galaxies. Detailed attention is
paid to the bulge of the Milky Way, one of the major building
blocks of this system. Topics include the definition of the bulge
in our Galaxy and its relation to the so-called spheroid.
Discussions are presented regarding the stars contained in this
bulge, their astrophysical properties, their motions and the
metallicity variations which appear to be present. The possible
existence of a bar in the bulge and its origin and future are also
examined. The same topics are discussed in less detail for the
bulges of other galaxies.
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