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This book is a collection of papers by leading researchers in
computational semantics. It presents a state-of-the-art overview of
recent and current research in computational semantics, including
descriptions of new methods for constructing and improving
resources for semantic computation, such as WordNet, VerbNet, and
semantically annotated corpora. It also presents new statistical
methods in semantic computation, such as the application of
distributional semantics in the compositional calculation of
sentence meanings. Computing the meaning of sentences, texts, and
spoken or texted dialogue is the ultimate challenge in natural
language processing, and the key to a wide range of exciting
applications. The breadth and depth of coverage of this book makes
it suitable as a reference and overview of the state of the field
for researchers in Computational Linguistics, Semantics, Computer
Science, Cognitive Science, and Artificial Intelligence.
This book is a collection of papers by leading researchers in
computational semantics. It presents a state-of-the-art overview of
recent and current research in computational semantics, including
descriptions of new methods for constructing and improving
resources for semantic computation, such as WordNet, VerbNet, and
semantically annotated corpora. It also presents new statistical
methods in semantic computation, such as the application of
distributional semantics in the compositional calculation of
sentence meanings. Computing the meaning of sentences, texts, and
spoken or texted dialogue is the ultimate challenge in natural
language processing, and the key to a wide range of exciting
applications. The breadth and depth of coverage of this book makes
it suitable as a reference and overview of the state of the field
for researchers in Computational Linguistics, Semantics, Computer
Science, Cognitive Science, and Artificial Intelligence. "
Computer parsing technology, which breaks down complex linguistic
structures into their constituent parts, is a key research area in
the automatic processing of human language. This volume is a
collection of contributions from leading researchers in the field
of natural language processing technology, each of whom detail
their recent work which includes new techniques as well as results.
The book presents an overview of the state of the art in current
research into parsing technologies, focusing on three important
themes: dependency parsing, domain adaptation, and deep parsing.
The technology, which has a variety of practical uses, is
especially concerned with the methods, tools and software that can
be used to parse automatically. Applications include extracting
information from free text or speech, question answering, speech
recognition and comprehension, recommender systems, machine
translation, and automatic summarization. New developments in the
area of parsing technology are thus widely applicable, and
researchers and professionals from a number of fields will find the
material here required reading. As well as the other four volumes
on parsing technology in this series this book has a breadth of
coverage that makes it suitable both as an overview of the field
for graduate students, and as a reference for established
researchers in computational linguistics, artificial intelligence,
computer science, language engineering, information science, and
cognitive science. It will also be of interest to designers,
developers, and advanced users of natural language processing
systems, including applications such as spoken dialogue, text
mining, multimodal human-computer interaction, and semantic web
technology.
Computer parsing technology, which breaks down complex linguistic
structures into their constituent parts, is a key research area in
the automatic processing of human language. This volume is a
collection of contributions from leading researchers in the field
of natural language processing technology, each of whom detail
their recent work which includes new techniques as well as results.
The book presents an overview of the state of the art in current
research into parsing technologies, focusing on three important
themes: dependency parsing, domain adaptation, and deep parsing.
The technology, which has a variety of practical uses, is
especially concerned with the methods, tools and software that can
be used to parse automatically. Applications include extracting
information from free text or speech, question answering, speech
recognition and comprehension, recommender systems, machine
translation, and automatic summarization. New developments in the
area of parsing technology are thus widely applicable, and
researchers and professionals from a number of fields will find the
material here required reading. As well as the other four volumes
on parsing technology in this series this book has a breadth of
coverage that makes it suitable both as an overview of the field
for graduate students, and as a reference for established
researchers in computational linguistics, artificial intelligence,
computer science, language engineering, information science, and
cognitive science. It will also be of interest to designers,
developers, and advanced users of natural language processing
systems, including applications such as spoken dialogue, text
mining, multimodal human-computer interaction, and semantic web
technology.
This book provides an in-depth view of the current issues, problems
and approaches in the computation of meaning as expressed in
language. Aimed at linguists, computer scientists, and logicians
with an interest in the computation of meaning, this book focuses
on two main topics in recent research in computational semantics.
The first topic is the definition and use of underspecified
semantic representations, i.e. formal structures that represent
part of the meaning of a linguistic object while leaving other
parts unspecified. The second topic discussed is semantic
annotation. Annotated corpora have become an indispensable resource
both for linguists and for developers of language and speech
technology, especially when used in combination with machine
learning methods. The annotation in corpora has only marginally
addressed semantic information, however, since semantic annotation
methodologies are still in their infancy. This book discusses the
development and application of such methodologies.
This book provides an in-depth view of the current issues,
problems and approaches in the computation of meaning as expressed
in language. Aimed at linguists, computer scientists, and logicians
with an interest in the computation of meaning, this book focuses
on two main topics in recent research in computational semantics.
The first topic is the definition and use of underspecified
semantic representations, i.e. formal structures that represent
part of the meaning of a linguistic object while leaving other
parts unspecified. The second topic discussed is semantic
annotation. Annotated corpora have become an indispensable resource
both for linguists and for developers of language and speech
technology, especially when used in combination with machine
learning methods. The annotation in corpora has only marginally
addressed semantic information, however, since semantic annotation
methodologies are still in their infancy. This book discusses the
development and application of such methodologies.
The chapters in this book are revised, updated, and edited versions
of 13 selected papers from the Second International Conference on
Cooperative Multimodal Communication (CMC'98), held in Tilburg, The
Netherlands, in 1998.This wasthesecondconferencein a
series,ofwhichthe ?rstonewasheld
inEindhoven,TheNetherlands,in1995.Threeofthesepaperswerepresentedby
invitedspeakers;thosebyDoniaScott(co-authoredwithRichardPower),Steven
Feiner (co-authored with Michele Zhou), and Oliviero Stock
(co-authored with Carlo Strapparava and Massimo Zancanaro). The
other ten were among the submitted papers that were accepted by the
CMC'98 program committee. The editors contributed an introductory
chapter to set the stage for the rest of the book. We thank the
programcommittee for their excellent and timely feedback to the
authors of the submitted papers, and at a later stage for advising
on the contents of this volume and for providing additional
suggestions for improving
theselectedcontributions.Theprogramcommittee
consistedofNicholasAsher,
NormannBadler,DonBouwhuis,HarryBunt,WalthervonHahn,DieterHuber,
Hans Kamp, John Lee, Joseph Mariani, Jean-Claude Martin, Mark
Maybury, PaulMcKevitt, RobNederpelt,
KeesvanOverveld,RayPerrault,Donia Scott, Jan Treur, Wolfgang
Wahlster, Bonnie Webber, Kent Wittenburg, and Henk Zeevat.
WethanktheRoyalDutchAcademyofSciences(KNAW)andtheOrga-
zationforCooperationamongUniversitiesinBrabant(SOBU)fortheirgrants
that supported the conference.
This book constitutes the strictly reviewed post-workshop
documentation of the First International Conference on Cooperative
Multimodal Communication held in Eindhoven, The Netherlands, in
1995.
The volume presents an introductory survey and carefully re vised
and updated full versions of three invited contributions and 14
papers selected for inclusion in the book after intensive
reviewing. Among the issues addressed are intelligent multimedia
retrieval, cooperative conversation, agent system communication,
multimodal maps, multimodal plan presentation, multimodal user
interfaces, multimodal dialog, and various systems for multimodal
HCI.
For 150 years Northgate, the main road into the town of Darlington,
in the north east of England, has been dominated by a large
Victorian church with its 120 foot steeple & large, solid, blue
entrance doors. This book opens those large blue doors & gives
us a fascinating glimpse into 150 years of church life and the
changes in society over that period. It takes us from the first
Minister, Rev Johnman, who was attracted to Darlington because it
offered `plenty of hard work,' through to the newest member's
description of coming through the big blue doors for the first
time. On the way it covers members' memories of the way in which
the church shared in their life-changing events, such as the
adoption of children, marriage, serious illness and death. They are
all set against the backdrop of church activities and the
ever-changing society. As well as appealing to anyone with a
connection with the church, this book will also appeal to anyone
who has an interest in the social history of Darlington.
Too often Christians feel 'jaded' and need to refresh their faith.
They are also sometimes confused by the different interpretations
placed upon the words of Jesus by theologians. But people forget
that Jesus spoke to, and inspired, the ordinary people of his day
in words that they understood and those words still speak to, and
inspire, ordinary people today. In Back to Basics With Jesus, the
words of Jesus are presented in an entirely new way. There are no
commentaries, no opinions - simply the words of Jesus spoken
directly to you on such diverse subjects as Love, Money &
Possessions and Our Relations with God & Jesus. Suitable for
personal or group study, the book offers a refreshing 'back to
basics' look at Jesus' own thoughts and words.
Too often Christians feel 'jaded' and need to refresh their faith.
They are also sometimes confused by the different interpretations
placed upon the words of Jesus by theologians. But people forget
that Jesus spoke to, and inspired, the ordinary people of his day
in words that they understood and those words still speak to, and
inspire, ordinary people today. In Back to Basics With Jesus, the
words of Jesus are presented in an entirely new way. There are no
commentaries, no opinions - simply the words of Jesus spoken
directly to you on such diverse subjects as Love, Money &
Possessions and Our Relations with God & Jesus. Suitable for
personal or group study, the book offers a refreshing 'back to
basics' look at Jesus' own thoughts and words.
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