The study was conducted on the wheat crop for the management of aphids in the research area of University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during 2009. Fedding efficacy of various larval instars and adult of C. Septempunctata L. was studied under laboratory conditions of Biodiversity and Biosystematics Lab. Department of Agri- Entomology university of Agriculture, Faisalabad. The results revealed that the fourth larval of C. Septempunctata L. consumed more aphids (36.67) followed by third (30.32), second (16.47) and first instars (2.10) respectively. Whereas the adult of C. Septempunctata L. was found very much voracious and consumed 74.07 aphids. All the insecticides were statistically equal, in controlling the population of aphids. However Advantage caused more mortality followed by Acelan, Imidacloprid, Black Warent and Rigorous in field conditions. All the insecticides were also tested against aphid in controlled conditions of labs. The effects of these insecticides were statistically equal. However However Advantage caused more mortality followed by Acelan, Imidacloprid, Black Warent and Rigorous in field conditions.

Pesticides have been used to control these pests but none has yielded better cost and benefit ratio due to increasing hazards related to human life, domestic animals and environment. Recent trends in cotton production have been to minimize the use of pesticides and ultimately control the pest by better management practices (BMPs). Keeping in view these critical issues the experiment was conducted during May-October 2009 under randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five treatments, biological control agents (T1), foliar applications of botanical Neemosal, azadirachtin+salannin 0.5% (T2), homeo chemicals (T3) and available insecticides (T4) having three replications. Results showed that safer insecticides were found to be superior to over all other treatments in their control of insect pests complex. Biological control had no quick control as compare to insecticides and neemosal. Homeo chemicals also performed better. While in case of spotted bollworm Biological control through release of Trichogramma chilonis had showed effective and quick control as compare to neemosal. Neemosal performed better than Homeo chemicals.

The Research presented in this book was conducted in the Bio systematic laboratory in the Department of Agri. Entomology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Collection of Aedes albopictues was done on weekly basis from the botanical gardan of the University and from different localities of Faisalabad by placing tires, collected mosquitoes were rearded in the insectry. Fifteen plants and Thirteen citrus cultivars were used as larvicide. Soxhelt apparatus was used for extraction of oil by using different plant parts. Ether was used as solvent, 30 late 3rd and early 4th instar larvae were exposed at different concentrations. Lemon seed, red blood orange seed and rough lemon seed extracts were considered as best in terms of LC50, LC90, LT50 and percent mortalities when compared with other plant extracts.

This book describes the entrance of Cr (III) into the food chain of silkworm from mulberry plants irrigated using Cr (III) containing synthetic effluents during the year 2010 at Sericulture Laboratory in Agricultural Entomology Department. The objective of the study was to evaluate the accumulation of Cr (III) in soil, mulberry leaves, silkworm larvae, silk glands and feaces and to observe the effects of this accumulation on the growth of silkworm larvae and silk yield. The soil, plant, silk glands silkworm and their excreta were sampled to determine Cr. (III) amount using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS).The conclusions were withdrawn from the obtained results were(1)Bio- accumulation Cr (III) in soil, mulberry leaves, silk glands, silkworm larvae and faeces was high at the higher concentration of Cr (III) effluent(2)Although Bombyx mori excreted large quantity of Cr(III) but still most of Cr (III) reside inside its body.(3) Food consumption, Coefficient of food utilization and silk yield also affected by the effluent.

This book describes number of aphid species attacking wheat varieties, population dynamics of aphid's species by collecting them from the field by using different collection techniques, and examine them in the laboratory under the microscope for the sake of species identification. The effect of abiotic factors on aphid's population was also determined. Four species of wheat aphid viz., Schizaphis graminum, Sitobion avenae, Rhopalosiphum padi and Rhopalosiphum maidis were identified on the basis of their taxonomic characters out of which S. graminum was most destructive. SARC-2 and SARC-8 were found to be most susceptible and most resistant, respectively. Peak population of aphids was observed in middle period of March. Abiotic factors showed significant role in population fluctuation of aphids.