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Based on sophisticated clinical descriptions and characteristic
symptom patters occurring during the long-term course of
psychiatric diseases, Leonhards classification requires that all
the clinical features fit for a diagnosis to be made. Always using
his own life-long case studies, Leonhard divided the endogenous
psychoses into five main nosological groups: on the one hand, the
prognostically favourable unipolar affective psychoses, bipolar
affective psychoses and cycloid psychoses, and, on the other hand,
the prognostically unfavourable unsystematic and systematic
schizophrenia. In the meantime, the reliability and validity of
this classification have been confirmed by scientific studies and
early results provide guidelines for the different origins and
varied therapeutic approaches for the specific disease profiles.
Based on sophisticated clinical descriptions and characteristic
symptom patters occurring during the long-term course of
psychiatric diseases, Leonhards classification requires that all
the clinical features fit for a diagnosis to be made. Always using
his own life-long case studies, Leonhard divided the endogenous
psychoses into five main nosological groups: on the one hand, the
prognostically favourable unipolar affective psychoses, bipolar
affective psychoses and cycloid psychoses, and, on the other hand,
the prognostically unfavourable unsystematic and systematic
schizophrenia. In the meantime, the reliability and validity of
this classification have been confirmed by scientific studies and
early results provide guidelines for the different origins and
varied therapeutic approaches for the specific disease profiles.
Contradictory results in schizophrenia research are generally explained as being due to genetic heterogeneity and multiple factor heredity in relationship to manifold environmental factors. The book reports a short overview of all relevant twin studies on schizophrenic psychoses and provides data and case histories on a systematic twin study based on a polydiagnostic approach carried out by two independently working psychiatrists. In addition to the internationally applied operational diagnostic systems of DSM-III-R and ICD 10, Leonhard's subclassification of schizophrenic psychoses was used. Up to now this sophisticated methodological approach is unique in the world. The data provide strong evidence that the spectrum of psychoses with schizophrenic and schizophrenia-like symptoms is not a continuum of diseases. At least in Leonhard's three major groups of cycloid psychoses, unsystematic schizophrenias and systematic schizophrenias genetic, somatic and psycho-social factors play a completely different etiological role. Cycloid psychoses and systematic schizophrenias are predominantly caused by "environmental" factors. In unsystematic schizophrenias, however, genetic predisposition is the main etiological factor and environmental factors are subordinate.
Dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT), multiinfarct dementia (MID) and
dementia occurring in the course of Parkinson's disease (PD +D) now
make up one of the largest categories of chronic diseases in the
elderly. In addition to the burden those illnesses impose on the
affected individuals and their families they consume large
socio-economic re- sources. In the light of all the above mentioned
features, it seemed to us that a Symposium on behalf of the 125th
Anniversary of Birth of Aloys Alzheimer was particularly
well-suited to help to advance research on Alzheimer's disease and
other dementias. This International Symposium combined with a
Satellite Symposium about "Clinical Aspects of Alz- heimer
Dementias" took place in June 1989 in Wiirzburg and has been
organized by the Psychiatric Departments of the Universities of
Wiirzburg and Munich (H. Beckmann, K. Maurer, P. Riederer, H.
Hippius and H. Lauter) and the Department of Pathochemistry and
General Neurochemistry of the University of Heidelberg (S. Hoyer).
In the chapters which follow, thorough reviews of recognized
authorities in the field of dementia are given in the four main
fields of epidemiology, neuropathology, neurochemistry and clinics.
This Symposium and the edition of this book would not have been
possible without the generous support of E. Merck, Darmstadt. In
particular we gratefully acknowledge the efforts undertaken by Mr.
Hernandez-Meyer to organizing this symposium and to publish this
book. Furthermore we are grateful to the secretarial help by Mrs.
Moeslein, Miss Philipp and Miss Grabner.
Das Buch behandelt die jungsten Entwicklungen in der biologischen
Psychiatrie. Einleitend werden die Grundlagen der modernen
Neurotransmitterforschung und ihr Bezug zu unterschiedlichsten
psychischen Erkrankungen dargestellt. Von namhaften Referenten aus
dem Bereich der Grundlagenforschung und der Klinik wird im
Hauptteil des Bandes die Bedeutung unterschiedlicher
Transmittersysteme fur die Genese der wichtigsten psychiatrischen
Krankheitsgruppen erortert und diskutiert. Hierbei werden auch die
neuesten Ergebnisse und Methoden der Rezeptorforschung behandelt.
Ziel des Buches ist es, einen umfassenden Uberblick uber den
derzeitigen Stand biologischer Forschung im Gesamtgebiet der
Psychiatrie zu geben.
Schreiben macht einsam - das erfahrt ein erfolgloser und von
Tagtraumen geplagter Schriftsteller. Er beschliesst, schreibend mit
den Lektorinnen als vermeintlichen Widersacherinnen in den Verlagen
abzurechnen. Er wirft seine literarischen Ideale uber Bord und
verfasst in langen Nachten einen neuen Roman, eine Mischung aus
Kafka und Hollywood. Eine Lektorin wird in den erfolglosen
Schriftsteller Stefan verwandelt und in eine tiefe Identitatskrise
gesturzt, eine andere auf eine Almhutte entfuhrt, damit sie dort
gleich selbst den zur Veroffentlichung fuhrenden Roman schreibt.
Doch die Entfuhrung erweist sich bald als Alm-Traum - und der Roman
als Alptraum ..
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