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This book highlights current Cannabis research: its botany,
authentication, biotechnology, in vitro propagation, chemistry,
cannabinoids biosynthesis, metabolomics, genomics, biomass
production, quality control, and pharmacology. Cannabis sativa L.
(Family: Cannabaceae) is one of the oldest sources of fiber, food
and medicine. This plant has been of interest to researchers,
general public and media not only due to its medicinal properties
but also the controversy surrounding its illicit use. Cannabis has
a long history of medicinal use in the Middle East and Asia, being
first introduced as a medicine in Western Europe in the early 19th
century. Due to its numerous natural constituents, Cannabis is
considered a chemically complex species. It contains a unique class
of terpeno-phenolic compounds (cannabinoids or phytocannabinoids),
which have been extensively studied since the discovery of the
chemical structure of tetrah ydrocannabinol ( 9-THC), commonly
known as THC, the main constituent responsible for the plant's
psychoactive effects. An additionally important cannabinoid of
current interest is Cannabidiol (CBD). There has been a significant
interest in CBD and CBD oil (extract of CBD rich Cannabis) over the
last few years because of its reported activity as an antiepileptic
agent, particularly its potential use in the treatment of
intractable epilepsy in children.
Plant-based medicines play an important role in all cultures, and
have been indispensable in maintaining health and combating
diseases. The identification of active principles and their
molecular targets from traditional medicine provides an enormous
opportunity for drug development. Using modern biotechnology,
plants with specific chemical compositions can be mass propagated
and genetically improved for the extraction of bulk active
pharmaceuticals. Although there has been significant progress in
the use of biotechnology, using tissue cultures and genetic
transformation to investigate and alter pathways for the
biosynthesis of target metabolites, there are many challenges
involved in bringing plants from the laboratory to successful
commercial cultivation. This book presents the latest advances in
the development of medicinal drugs, including topics such as plant
tissue cultures, secondary metabolite production, metabolomics,
metabolic engineering, bioinformatics and future biotechnological
directions.
Plant-based medicines play an important role in all cultures, and
have been indispensable in maintaining health and combating
diseases. The identification of active principles and their
molecular targets from traditional medicine provides an enormous
opportunity for drug development. Using modern biotechnology,
plants with specific chemical compositions can be mass propagated
and genetically improved for the extraction of bulk active
pharmaceuticals. Although there has been significant progress in
the use of biotechnology, using tissue cultures and genetic
transformation to investigate and alter pathways for the
biosynthesis of target metabolites, there are many challenges
involved in bringing plants from the laboratory to successful
commercial cultivation. This book presents the latest advances in
the development of medicinal drugs, including topics such as plant
tissue cultures, secondary metabolite production, metabolomics,
metabolic engineering, bioinformatics and future biotechnological
directions.
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