The Kurds, one of the oldest ethnic groups in the Middle East, are reasserting their identity-politically and through violence. Divided mainly among Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria, the Kurds have posed increasingly sharp challenges to all of these states in their quest for greater autonomy if not outright independence. Turkey's essentially democratic structure and civil society_ideal tools for coping with and incorporating minority challenge_have so far been suspended on this issue, which the government is treating almost exclusively as a security problem to be dealt with by force. For the West the situation in Turkey is particularly significant because of the country's importance in the region and because of the economic, political, and diplomatic damage that the conflict has caused. If Turkey fails to find a peaceful solution within its current borders, then the outlook is grim for ethnic and separatist challenges elsewhere in the region. This study explores the roots, dimensions, character, and evolution of the problem, offers a range of approaches to a resolution of the conflict, and draws broader parallels between the Kurdish question and other separatist movements worldwide.

This volume brings together contributions from anthropologists, political scientists, economics and policy professionals to explore the institutional, economic and ideational factors that shape the ways in which Europe has adapted to, resisted, and creatively responded to the challenges of globalization. Contributors to this volume were asked to consider the extent to which globalization is driving policy-making in contemporary Europe, and the extent to which Europe itself is influencing the shape, quality and velocity of globalization.
Discussions in this volume reveal three main strategies adopted by European political actors in their efforts to respond to globalization: resistance, adaptation (and at times the mutual adaptation between the European and global environments), and the production of alternatives to global norms and practices. Yet while politicians and citizens may call for European responses to globalization, the contributors to this volume suggest that Europe and globalization already exist in a relationship of reciprocal causality, in which European responses have provoked and will continue to provoke transformations of globalized forces, and that such responses feed back intentionally and unintentionally into domestic politics, economics and culture in Europe.
This volume thus makes a provocative and innovative contribution to current academic literatures on globalization across the domains of social science.
*Contributors come from a variety of backgrounds to give this volume an inter-disciplinary approach
*Discussions reveal European strategies to respond to globalization and an analysis of these solutions
*An excellent resource for any researcherinterested in examining the relationship between Europe and globalization

This book re-evaluates the politics of the maligned industrialization strategy and examines Turkey's attempts to implement it in the 1960s and 1970s. It argues that Import Substituting Industrialization itself is not responsible for the failure of Turkey's industrialization efforts.

This book re-evaluates the politics of the maligned industrialization strategy and examines Turkey's attempts to implement it in the 1960s and 1970s. It argues that Import Substituting Industrialization itself is not responsible for the failure of Turkey's industrialization efforts.