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This book traces the evolution of the ideas that eventually
resulted in the elementary quantum theory in 1925/26. Further, it
discusses the essential differences between the fundamental
equations of Quantum Theory derived by Born and Jordan, logically
comprising Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Optics, and the
traditional view of the development of Quantum Mechanics. Drawing
on original publications and letters written by the main
protagonists of that time, it shows that Einstein's contributions
from 1905 to 1924 laid the essential foundations for the
development of Quantum Theory. Einstein introduced quantization of
the radiation field; Born added quantized mechanical behavior. In
addition, Born recognized that Quantum Mechanics necessarily
required Quantum Optics; his radical concept of truly discontinuous
and statistical quantum transitions ("quantum leaps") was directly
based on Einstein's physical concepts.
The magnetism of iron and other transition metals had been a
subject of inten sive research for a long time, but the
understanding of the microscopic origin of "metallic magnetism" was
quite limited until the early 1970's. During the last 10 to 15
years both theory and experiment contributed towards signif icant
progress in this field, such that today a qualitative understanding
has been achieved. The word "qualitative" indicates that the
knowledge is still not complete; although many properties, the
ground state as well as the finite temperature behaviour and the
phase transition from magnetic order at low temperatures to the
paramagnetic state at high temperatures, can be explained in a
coherent way, a quantitative description still is not fully
achieved. It is certainly appropriate to summarize the developments
of the last 15 years and the present-day understanding of the
field, this is the aim of this Topics volume. The form chosen is a
collection of reviews, written by prominent scientists who
themselves contributed decisively to the progress. Scientists with
a general interest in the field as well as specialists and active
researchers in metallic magnetism should be able to profit from the
two-volume treatment. The subjects not covered extensively in the
present first volume (in particular neutron scattering and
electronic structure properties) will make up the second volume."
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