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Showing 1 - 14 of 14 matches in All Departments
This open access book consists of 39 short essays that exemplify how interactions between inter- and trans-national interdependencies and domestic factors have shaped the dynamics of social policy in various parts of the world at different points in time. Each chapter highlights a specific type of interdependence which has been identified to provide us with a nuanced understanding of specific social policy developments at discrete points in history. The volume is divided into four parts that are concerned with a particular type of cross-border interrelation. The four parts examine the impact on social policy of trade relations and economic crises, violence, international organisations and cross-border communication and migration. This book will be of interest to academics and postgraduate students in the field of social policy, global history and welfare state research from diverse disciplines: sociology, political science, history, law and economics.
In this unique and provocative contribution to the literatures of political science and social policy, ten leading experts question prevailing views that federalism always inhibits the growth of social solidarity. Their comparative study of the evolution of political institutions and welfare states in the six oldest federal states - Australia, Austria, Canada, Germany, Switzerland, the US - reveals that federalism can facilitate and impede social policy development. Development is contingent on several time-dependent factors, including degree of democratization, type of federalism, and the stage of welfare state development and early distribution of social policy responsibility. The reciprocal nature of the federalism-social policy relationship also becomes apparent: the authors identify a set of important bypass structures within federal systems that have resulted from welfare state growth. In an era of retrenchment and unravelling unitary states, this study suggests that federalism may actually protect the welfare state, and welfare states may enhance national integration.
Transformations of the Welfare State gives a new twist to the
longstanding debate on the impact of economic globalization on the
welfare state. The authors focus on several small, advanced OECD
economies in order to assess whether (and how) the welfare state
will be able to compete under conditions of an increasingly
integrated world economy.
In this unique and provocative contribution to the literatures of political science and social policy, ten leading experts question prevailing views that federalism always inhibits the growth of social solidarity. Their comparative study of the evolution of political institutions and welfare states in the six oldest federal states - Australia, Austria, Canada, Germany, Switzerland, the US - reveals that federalism can facilitate and impede social policy development. Development is contingent on several time-dependent factors, including degree of democratization, type of federalism, and the stage of welfare state development and early distribution of social policy responsibility. The reciprocal nature of the federalism-social policy relationship also becomes apparent: the authors identify a set of important bypass structures within federal systems that have resulted from welfare state growth. In an era of retrenchment and unravelling unitary states, this study suggests that federalism may actually protect the welfare state, and welfare states may enhance national integration.
This is the comprehensively-revised second edition of a volume that was welcomed at its first appearance as 'the most authoritative survey and critique of the welfare state yet published'. Its fifty-one chapters have been written by acknowledged experts in the field from across Europe, Australia, and North America. Some chapters are brand new; all have been systematically revised, and they are right up to date. The first seven sections of the book cover the themes of Ethics, History, Approaches, Inputs and Actors, Policies, Policy Outcomes, and Worlds of Welfare. A final chapter is devoted to the future of welfare and well-being under the imperatives of climate change. Every chapter is written in a way that is both comprehensive and succinct, introducing the novice reader to the essentials of what is going on while providing new insights for the more experienced researcher. Wherever appropriate, the handbook brings the very latest empirical evidence to bear. It is a book that is thoroughly comparative in every way. The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State, second edition, is a comprehensible and comprehensive survey of everything that it is important to know about the welfare state in these troubled times. It is an indispensable source for everyone who wants to know what is really going on now, and what is likely to happen next.
Almost all advanced democracies have launched significant privatization programs over the last three decades. However, while there was a global run into privatization, substantial cross-national differences in the divesture of state-owned enterprises can be observed. This book focuses on the political economy of privatization, and addresses the questions 'What are the driving forces behind this development and how can the variation be explained?' which are of both theoretical and empirical interest. While the topic itself is not new, the existing comparative literature on the political economy of privatization suffers from at least two major shortcomings: First, recent macro-quantitative analysis in political science and economics has only focused on material privatization; formal privatization has hitherto been neglected due to an absence of data, even though this type of privatization is of eminent relevance in the public utility sectors. Second, most of the empirical studies in this area treat countries as independent units. In reality, however, policy decisions are likely to be interdependent. Policy decisions taken in one country influence the decision-making process in others. Given these shortcomings in the existing literature, the idea of this volume is to supply a fresh and comprehensive overview of the political economy of privatization using a new data set, the REST database. The empirical analysis covers 20 OECD countries in the period between 1980 and the advent of the global economic crisis in 2008. The recent economic crisis provides a good opportunity to take stock of the changing role of government in economic over the last three decades.
This open access book consists of 39 short essays that exemplify how interactions between inter- and trans-national interdependencies and domestic factors have shaped the dynamics of social policy in various parts of the world at different points in time. Each chapter highlights a specific type of interdependence which has been identified to provide us with a nuanced understanding of specific social policy developments at discrete points in history. The volume is divided into four parts that are concerned with a particular type of cross-border interrelation. The four parts examine the impact on social policy of trade relations and economic crises, violence, international organisations and cross-border communication and migration. This book will be of interest to academics and postgraduate students in the field of social policy, global history and welfare state research from diverse disciplines: sociology, political science, history, law and economics.
While the first half of the 20th century was characterized by total war, the second half witnessed, at least in the Western world, a massive expansion of the modern welfare state. A growing share of the population was covered by ever more generous systems of social protection that dramatically reduced poverty and economic inequality in the post-war decades. With it also came a growth in social spending, taxation and regulation that changed the nature of the modern state and the functioning of market economies. Whether and in which ways warfare and the rise of the welfare state are related, is subject of this volume. Distinguishing between three different phases (war preparation, wartime mobilization, and the post-war period), the volume provides the first systematic comparative analysis of the impact of war on welfare state development in the western world. The chapters written by leading scholars in this field examine both short-term responses to and long-term effects of war in fourteen belligerent, occupied, and neutral countries in the age of mass warfare stretching over the period from ca. 1860 to 1960. The volume shows that both world wars are essential for understanding several aspects of welfare state development in the western world.
Die Nationalratswahlen im Herbst 1999 haben die politische Landschaft OEsterreichs einschneidend verandert. Im Februar 2000 wurde die neue OEVP/FPOE-Koalition unter Bundeskanzler Wolfgang Schussel vereidigt. Die Autoren zeigen, dass dieser Machtwechsel sowohl in programmatischer Hinsicht als auch auf Ebene der politischen Entscheidungsprozesse und der realisierten Massnahmen zu einem Bruch mit den fur die Nachkriegsjahrzehnte charakteristischen Politik- und Entscheidungsmustern in der Sozialpolitik gefuhrt hat.
Das Wirtschaftswachstum ist ein Schlusselindikator fur wirtschaftlichen Erfolg. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Einfluss politisch-institutioneller Faktoren auf die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung im weltweiten Vergleich sowie fur 21 wirtschaftlich fortgeschrittene OECD-Demokratien. Im weltweiten Vergleich werden wirtschaftliche Freiheits- und Eigentumsrechte sowie politische Stabilitat als zentrale Bedingungen fur dauerhaftes Wirtschaftswachstum identifiziert. In den OECD-Landern liegt die politische Dimension wirtschaftlichen Wachstums in der Staatstatigkeit, wobei der konsistenten Vernetzung unterschiedlicher Politikfelder eine wichtige Bedeutung zukommt.
Der Band vermittelt Aktuelles und Grundlegendes zum Verstandnis politischer OEkonomie. Didaktischer Leitgedanke ist der Zusammenhang zwischen Politik und wirtschaftlicher Leistungsfahigkeit in demokratisch verfassten OECD-Landern.
Mit diesem Sammelband mochten die Autoren und Herausgeber zur SchlieBung ei ner Lticke in der deutschsprachigen Politikwissenschaft beitragen. In den angel sachsischen Landem nimmt die Politische Okonomie einen zentralen Platz sowohl in der Wirtschafts- wie auch in der Politikwissenschaft ein. Allerdings dringen dort Oko nomen zunehmend in traditionelle Arbeitsgebiete der Politikwissenschaft vor, ebenso wie sich Politikwissenschaftler ftir zuvor genu in okonomische Fragestellungen, wie etwa die Determinanten der Arbeitslosigkeit, zu interessieren begonnen haben. Dieser Prozess hat wesentlich zur gegenwlirtigen Diskussion tiber die Standortbestimmung des politikwissenschaftlichen Zugangs zu politisch-okonomischen Fragen beigetra gen. 1m deutschsprachigen Raum ist die Untersuchung der Interaktionen zwischen Politik und Wirtschaft immer noch durch eine Abschottung der Disziplinen unter einander charakterisiert. Insgesamt gesehen werden die unterschiedlichen Starken des jeweiligen Zuganges kaum wahrgenommen. Ein Ziel dieses Buches ist daher, die spezifischen Starken des politikwissenschaftlichen Ansatzes zur Analyse des VerhaItnisses von Politik und Wirtschaft besser sichtbar zu machen. Dieser Band richtet sich an fortgeschrittene Studierende und an interessierte Fachkolleginnen und -kollegen, die sich einen kompakten Oberblick tiber Theorien und Forschungsstand zum Einfluss politisch-institutioneller StellgroBen auf die wirtschaftliche Leistungsfahigkeit demokratisch verfasster Industrielander verschaf fen wollen. Urn den Zugang zum Themenfeld fUr Studierende zu erleichtern, wer den zentrale Fachbegriffe in einem Glossar erlautert. Die praxisbezogene Relevanz des Bandes resultiert aus dem zunehmenden ge sellschaftlichen Bedarf nach einem Benchmarking der unterschiedlichen Wirt schafts- und Sozialpolitiken der westlichen Demokratien. Die Erkundung der poli tisch-institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen fUr wirtschaftlichen Erfolg und Misser folg kann hierzu einen wichtigen Beitrag leisten."
The Oxford Handbook of the Welfare State is the authoritative and
definitive guide to the contemporary welfare state. In a volume
consisting of nearly fifty newly-written chapters, a broad range of
the world's leading scholars offer a comprehensive account of
everything one needs to know about the modern welfare state. The
Handbook is divided into eight sections. It opens with three
chapters that evaluate the philosophical case for (and against) the
welfare state. Surveys of the welfare state's history and of the
approaches taken to its study are followed by four extended
sections, running to some thirty-five chapters in all, which offer
a comprehensive and in-depth survey of our current state of
knowledge across the whole range of issues that the welfare state
embraces. The first of these sections looks at inputs and actors
(including the roles of parties, unions, and employers), the impact
of gender and religion, patterns of migration and a changing public
opinion, the role of international organisations and the impact of
globalization. The next two sections cover policy inputs (in areas
such as pensions, health care, disability, care of the elderly,
unemployment, and labour market activation) and their outcomes (in
terms of inequality and poverty, macroeconomic performance, and
retrenchment). The seventh section consists of seven chapters which
survey welfare state experience around the globe (and not just
within the OECD). Two final chapters consider questions about the
global future of the welfare state.
Dieses Handbuch gibt einen UEberblick uber den aktuellen Stand der Sozialpolitikforschung. Es beleuchtet aus vergleichender Perspektive die historische Entwicklung der Sozialpolitik, ebenso wie aktuelle Herausforderungen, Reformtrends und ihre Auswirkungen. Schliesslich informiert das Handbuch uber die Theorien des Sozialstaates und die Methoden der Sozialpolitikforschung. Der Inhalt * Geschichte der Sozialpolitik * Theorien der Sozialpolitik * Varianten und Typologien des Sozialstaats * Methoden der Sozialpolitikforschung * Herausforderungen der Sozialpolitik * Politikfelder * Resultate und Wirkungen der Sozialpolitik Die Herausgeber Dr. Herbert Obinger ist Universitatsprofessor fur vergleichende Staatstatigkeitsforschung an der Universitat Bremen. Dr. Manfred G. Schmidt ist Universitatsprofessor fur Politische Wissenschaft an der Universitat Heidelberg.
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