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This companion volume to Errol Walton Barrow and the Postwar
Transformation of Barbados: The Late Colonial Period, which covered
the social and political forces between the 1920s and 1966 that
shaped the trajectory of working-class struggles in Barbados and
led to its decolonization, addresses mainly the first two decades
of Barbados's independence as a sovereign monarchy under Errol
Barrow and the Democratic Labour Party.
The contributors to Globalization, Sovereignty and Citizenship in
the Caribbean variously address topics and issues of colonial and
postcolonial citizenship, identity and belonging; sovereignty and
the body politic and unresolved class and other contradictions of
the Haitian Revolution, Commonwealth Caribbean societies, Cuba, and
the non-independent territories of Puerto Rico and the Netherlands
Antilles, the French Antilles, and the Cayman Islands. There are
degrees of emphasis on the contradictory relationship between
globalization and national processes, with attention to class,
state, nation, gender, racialization, culture, migrant labour and
other political concerns. Other topics include ways in which the
United States, the United Kingdom, France and the Netherlands
influence conceptions of state security and governance and how
cultural and ideological commitments to democracy and sovereignty
reinforce certain sovereignty myths and contribute to the assertion
that globalization represents a threat to sovereignty, democracy
and freedom in the Caribbean. The deepening of the integration of
the entire Caribbean into the contradictory processes of
globalization suggests that sovereignty, democracy, citizenship,
belonging and identity as experienced in the region are best
theorized as unfinished (open-ended) projects.
Beginning in the 1920s, Barbadians and other British West Indians
began organizing politically in an international environment that
was marked by a severe capitalist economic and financial crisis
that intensified in the 1930s. The response in the British
Caribbean during the 1930s was in the form of rebellions that
demanded colonial reform. The ensuing struggles resulted in
constitutional and political changes that led to decolonization and
independence. In Errol Walton Barrow and the Postwar Transformation
of Barbados: The Late Colonial Period, Hilbourne Watson examines
the contradictory process through the lens of political economy and
class analysis, informed by an internationalist historical
perspective that centres the concerns and interests of the working
class. Britain freed the colonies in ways that reflected its own
subordination to US hegemony under the rubric of the Cold War,
which served as the geopolitical strategy for liberal
internationalism. Watson's analysis concentrates on the roles
played by the labour movement, political parties, capitalist
interests, and working-class and other popular organizations in
Barbados and the British Caribbean, with support from
Caribbean-American groups in New York that forged alliances with
those black American organizations which saw their freedom
struggles in an international context. Practically all the
decolonizing (nationalist) elites in Barbados and other British
Caribbean territories endorsed a British and American prescription
for decolonization and self-government based on territorial primacy
and at the expense of a strong West Indian federation that
prioritized the working class. This move sidelined the working
class and its interests also set back the struggle for
self-determination, liberty and sovereignty. Watson situates the
role Errol Barrow played in the transformation of Barbados in the
wider Caribbean and international context. His study draws on
archival records from Britain and Barbados, interviews and other
sources, and he pays close attention to how the racialization of
social life around nature, culture, history, the state, class,
gender, politics, poverty and other factors conditioned the
colonial experience.
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