The United States Senate played a crucial role during the Civil War. Although the history of the war is often told from the perspective of President Abraham Lincoln and his military commanders, the Senate faced war-related issues even before Lincoln took the oath of office, and continued to influence national events throughout the war. In the post-war Reconstruction years, senators led the debates over emancipation, civil rights, and the readmission of Southern states to representation, and they proposed constitutional amendments to guarantee rights of citizenship. Throughout this long period of national crisis, the Senate also fulfilled its oversight and legislative responsibilities, passing a remarkable collection of landmark bills. In commemoration of the sesquicentennial of these pivotal events, this is the story of the Senate's Civil War.

This study recounts the career of the Twelfth Air Force from the time it became established in newly pacified French North Africa until it was absolved in the Northwest African Air Forces. Contents include the race for Tunis, impasse and reorganization, the development of command and strategy, air-ground cooperation in central Tunisia, XII Bomber Command- January and February, and the turn of the tide.

Please note this a high quality, carefully cleaned up of an archive document and while many efforts have been made to clean up these historic texts there may be occassional blemishes, usually reflecting the age of the documents and the contemporary typescript used at the time.

Drawing on extensive primary and archive source material this volume traces the development of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) from 1956 through 1960 during the eventful tenures of three secretaties: Charles E. Wilson, Neil H. McElroy and Thomas S. Gates, Jr. It focuses on the secretaties of defense, their staff. and the administration of the Pentagon within the larger framework of national security policy making and execution.

Included are 200 stories, with over 200 four-color illustrations, presented in album-style to enlighten, inspire, amuse and inform. When read collectively, the stories provide clear impressions about the forces, events, and personalities that have shaped the Senate of the 21st century.