Beginning in October 2017, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine organized a set of workshops designed to gather information for the Decadal Survey of Social and Behavioral Sciences for Applications to National Security. The first workshop focused on changing sociocultural dynamics and implications for national security, and this publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 Linking Culture, Language, Behavior, and Data 3 Triangulation of Data Sources and Research Methods 4 The Challenge of Multiple Levels of Analysis Appendix A: Statement of Task for the Decadal Survey of Social and Behavioral Sciences for Applications to National Security Appendix B: Workshop Agenda Appendix C: Participants List Appendix D: Biographical Sketches of Steering Committee Members and Presenters

Beginning in October 2017, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine organized a set of workshops designed to gather information for the Decadal Survey of Social and Behavioral Sciences for Applications to National Security. The fifth workshop focused on workforce development and intelligence analysis, and this publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from this workshop. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 Building a Workforce 3 Systems and Collaborations 4 Trends in Workforce Development Appendix A Statement of Task for the Decadal Survey of Social and Behavioral Sciences for Applications to National Security Appendix B Workshop Agenda Appendix C Participants List Appendix D Biographical Sketches of Steering Committee Members and Presenters

Instructional materials are a key means to achieving the goals of science education?an enterprise that yields unique and worthwhile benefits to individuals and society. As states and districts move forward with adoption and implementation of the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) or work on improving their instruction to align with A Framework for K?12 Science Education (the Framework), instructional materials that align with this new vision for science education have emerged as one of the key mechanisms for creating high-quality learning experiences for students. In response to the need for more coordination across the ongoing efforts to support the design and implementation of instructional materials for science education, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a public workshop in June 2017. The workshop focused on the development of instructional materials that reflect the principles of the Framework and the NGSS. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 Current State of K12 Science Instruction 3 Developing and Selecting Instructional Materials for the NGSS 4 Models for Developing and Distributing Instructional Materials 5 Implementing Instructional Materials for the NGSS 6 Next Steps References Appendix A: Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Biographical Sketches of Committee Members and Presenters Appendix C: Possible Action Items from Small Groups

Measuring the Risks and Causes of Premature Death is the summary of two workshops conducted by The Committee on Population of the National Research Council at the National Academies to address the data sources, science and future research needs to understand the causes of premature mortality in the United States. The workshops reviewed previous work in the field in light of new data generated as part of the work of the NRC Panel on Understanding Divergent Trends in Longevity in High-Income Countries (NRC, 2011) and the NRC/IOM Panel on Understanding Cross-National Differences Among High-Income Countries (NRC/IOM, 2013). The workshop presentations considered the state of the science of measuring the determinants of the causes of premature death, assessed the availability and quality of data sources, and charted future courses of action to improve the understanding of the causes of premature death. Presenters shared their approaches to and results of measuring premature mortality and specific risk factors, with a particular focus on those factors most amenable to improvement through public health policy. This report summarizes the presentations and discussion of both workshops. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 Data Sources and Methodology in the Study of Premature Mortality 3 Data from Major Studies of Premature Mortality 4 Ideas for Improving Data Sources, Methodology, and Research References Appendix A: Workshop Agendas Appendix B: Workshop Steering Committee and Presenters

National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics (NCSES) of the National Science Foundation is responsible for national reporting of the research and development (R&D) activities that occur in all sectors of the United States economy. For most sectors, including the business and higher education sectors, NCSES collects data on these activities on a regular basis. However, data on R&D within the nonprofit sector have not been collected in 18 years, a time period which has seen dynamic and rapid growth of the sector. NCSES decided to design and implement a new survey of nonprofits, and commissioned this workshop to provide a forum to discuss conceptual and design issues and methods. Measuring Research and Development Expenditures in the U.S. Nonprofit Sector: Conceptual and Design Issues summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop. This report identifies concepts and issues for the design of a survey of R&D expenditures made by nonprofit organizations, considering the goals, content, statistical methodology, data quality, and data products associated with this data collection. The report also considers the broader usefulness of the data for understanding the nature of the nonprofit sector and their R&D activities. Measuring Research and Development Expenditures in the U. S. Nonprofit Sector will help readers understand the role of nonprofit sector given its enormous size and scope as well as its contribution to identifying new forms of R&D beyond production processes and new technology. Table of Contents Front Matter 1 Introduction 2 A Profile of the Nonprofit Sector in the United States 3 Understanding R&D within the Nonprofit Sector 4 Approaches to Survey and Sample Design 5 Question Design and Survey Implementation 6 Summary of Key Themes from the Workshop References Acronyms and Abbreviations Appendix A: Workshop Agenda Appendix B: Workshop Participants Appendix C: IRS Form 990 Appendix D: Biographical Sketches of Steering Committee Members, Presenters, and Staff Committee on National Statistics