This scarce antiquarian book is a selection from Kessinger Publishing's Legacy Reprint Series. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment to protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature. Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone!

Music, History, apd Ideas BY HUGO LEICHTENTRITT CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS 1938 COPYRIGHT, 1938 BY THE PRESIDENT AND FELLOWS OF HARVARD COLLEGE Second Impression f f PRINTED AT THE HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS CAMBRIDGE, JV1ASS., U. S. A. 22 39 To MY DISTINGUISHED COLLEAGUES IN THE DIVISION OF MUSIC OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY IN GRATEFUL RECOGNITION OF THE ENCOURAGE MENT THEY HAVE GIVEN THIS BOOK ACKNOWLEDGMENT The present book had its origin in two series of twelve public lectures on music as a part of general culture, given at Harvard University in 193435. To serve as material for a book, the subject matter in those lectures was considerably enlarged, supplemented, and rounded off. I arn indebted to Mrs. Elizabeth Johnson for valuable assistance in the revision of the text. HL L. HARVARD UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS January 1938 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........ x I. THE MUSIC OF THE GREEKS ..... 3 II. GREGORIAN CHANT AND ROMANESQUE ART . . 22 III. THE GOTHIC PERIOD ....... 5 IV. THE RENAISSANCE ....... 74 V. THE REFORMATION ....... 94 VI. SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY BAROQUE . . . .113 VII. BAROQUE AND RATIONALISTIC TRAITS IN BACH AND HANDEL ......... 134 VIII. CLASSICAL TENDENCIES OF THE LATER EIGHT EENTH CENTURY ....... l6l IX. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AND THE NAPOLEONIC AGE ....... . . - I 9 X. THE ROMANTIC MOVEMENT ..... 196 i XI. THE quot MUSIC OF THE FUTURE quot ..... 222 XII. THE TWENTIETH CENTURY ..... 243 BIBLIOGRAPHY ........ 269 INDEX .......... 279 INTRODUCTION T quot quot t HE study of music is generally pursued from one particular JL point of view a certain instrument is learned, or the art of singing is cultivated the technique of composition is studied, or thehistory of music is surveyed more or less carefully. Iri the course of a general musical education one may even combine the study of several of the topics just mentioned. Yet special ized studies of this type cut music off from its natural connection with the spiritual and material world, and leave out of considera tion the fact that it is only one part of general culture. The state of general culture in a particular epoch is, in turn, dependent on the state of social life, on the political history, the geographic conditions, and the language of a country. Music consequently has an essential relationship to all these subjects. Furthermore, it rests on an underlying scientific basis that involves physics and mathematics, and it has ties, more or less close, with literature and the other arts. Poetry, architecture, sculpture, painting, dancing, acting, and the industrial arts have affected music and have in their turn been affected by it. Philosophy, aesthetics, and meditation on the inner meaning of human life and art also draw music into their compass. But as it is generally studied nowadays music has too much the status of an anatomical prepara tion. We look at it very minutely microscopically, in fact we dissect it and analyze its appearance, but the true object of our study forever escapes us. There cannot be any doubt that this peering at minutiae keeps xii MUSIC, HISTORY, AND IDEAS the student from grasping the larger aspects of his subject and prevents him from acquiring an insight into certain essential properties of the art of music. Many of these essential properties can only be perceived when we put music back into its natural connection with the physical and spiritual worldof which it is a mere fragment. When we see it as part of a larger whole, a new question confronts us. What does this fragment of music mean in the vast symphony of nature, in the immense compass of culture In the attempt to find a solution it may be helpful to remember a maxim of modern medicine A disease of a certain organ indi cates that the entire organism is out of order, and accordingly local treatment must be supplemented by a fitting general treat ment that goes back to the real cause...

This scarce antiquarian book is a selection from Kessinger Publishing's Legacy Reprint Series. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment to protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature. Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone!

This scarce antiquarian book is a selection from Kessinger Publishing's Legacy Reprint Series. Due to its age, it may contain imperfections such as marks, notations, marginalia and flawed pages. Because we believe this work is culturally important, we have made it available as part of our commitment to protecting, preserving, and promoting the world's literature. Kessinger Publishing is the place to find hundreds of thousands of rare and hard-to-find books with something of interest for everyone