Advanced polymer-based nanocomposite materials continue to become increasingly popular and important for a wide range of engineering applications, as evidenced by continued government initiatives involving R&D and commercialization of these substances. In the race to exploit the unique mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of nanocomposite materials, researchers must also address new challenges to predict, understand, and manage the potentially adverse effects they could have on human lives and the environment. Nano- and Biocomposites focuses on the structural makeup of nanomaterials and their range of applications. It details the latest research in which biological applications of nanostructural resins have been conducted within in vitro and in vivo environments. Some of the applications explored in this book include: Tissue engineering and growth Mechanical and thermal stability enhancement of biocompatible polymers for artificial joints and scaffolding Thermal management for directed energy weapons, deicing, and electronics Structural performance for primary and secondary airframe structures, jet engines Electrical conductivity for lightning-strike protection, EMI, ESD, and energy storage Durability for chemical, wear, flame retardance, permeability Health monitoring for NDE certification, damage detection, and long-term degradation This compilation of author contributions is divided into two sections-Nanostructured Polymer Composites and Nano-Bio Composites. It provides a basic understanding of nanomaterial and nanocomposite research to explain the fundamentals of how nanostructured fillers strengthen polymer-based materials. With an emphasis on how nano- and biocomposites are used to create new biomedical applications, the text also focuses on the crucial yet often-ignored potential toxicity impact of using nanostructured materials. It presents important guidelines and new insights to stimulate investigation of anticipated research in this fascinating new field. Researchers, scientists, and academics will appreciate this cutting-edge exploration of nanomaterials, biomaterials, and the ever-evolving world of nano-biomaterials.

Data Warehouses are used to maintain and manage the historical information. Data Warehouses contains the sensitive information such as financial records, customer's values etc. That information is considered to be very important and private. Therefore, it is necessary to secure the data from unauthorized accesses. Considering the importance of data security many data security models have been introduced in past years. Security models are used to implement data security from the early stages of Data Warehouse. These models are not suitable for existing Data Warehouses. Also, these models have some shortcomings. This research will discuss the specific problems regarding the existing data security techniques. Also, this research will present a data security approach that is suitable for existing data warehouses and new data warehouses, while accessing information using OLAP tools. One key advantage of our approach is that, it will reduce the number of access checks and therefore improve the retrieval process. The analysis should help the DATAWAREHOUSE professionals and also for the students relates to DATABASE field of Computers.

This book has been written to eliminate the difficulties of students in research, thesis writing and research paper publication. This book will be very effective for new students entering in research degrees. This book comprises the importance of research, experimental design applications, guidelines to write a thesis/paper and its publication in scientific journals. Present book will create research interests in students with easy way. Students will be able to start their research independently. No such book is available in market that can guide student to start their research with scientific way. Students always feel difficulties to write thesis and have no idea, how to publish a research paper. We hope that this book will play its role to establish research environment among the students.

Abiotic stresses are the main cause of low yield of crops in the world. Among abiotic stresses, salinity is a world-wide problem. This problem is particularly serious in arid & semiarid regions of the world where most of the developing countries happen to fall. Salinity causes not only differences between the mean yield and the potential yield, but also causes yield reduction from year to year. It affects the plant growth directly through its interaction with metabolic rates and pathways within the plant. Pearl millet grains are rich in fat, protein content (ranges from 12-20%) and mineral elements, particularly calcium and iron. Among cereals, pearl millet ranks sixth in importance but it is severely affected by salinity. In this book comparison between two Pearl millet lines under NaCl stress regarding morphology and physiology have been discussed. It will be a useful addition for stress physiologists working in this field. It will help readers to study morphology, physiology and screening of crops under salt stress. By consulting this book, scientists will be able to perform independent experiment for salt stress studies.

Shorttitle;This book provides the scientific knowledge about the use of IAA and N for enhancement of growth and yield of Medicinal Plants. It will provide basic information to researchers and herbalist, how yield & constituents of Medicinal plants can be enhanced by hormones & fertilizers. Medicinal plants are of much importance for human life.About 80% population of the world depends on the traditional system of health care. These medicines have less side effects and man can get the herbs easily from nature. Unani system is dominant in Pakistan but the ethno medicinal plants use is also seen in the remote areas. The indigenous traditional knowledge of herbal plants of communities where it has been transmitted orally for many years is fast disappearing from the face of world due to transformation of traditional culture.

Advanced polymer-based nanocomposite materials continue to become increasingly popular and important for a wide range of engineering applications, as evidenced by continued government initiatives involving R&D and commercialization of these substances. In the race to exploit the unique mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of nanocomposite materials, researchers must also address new challenges to predict, understand, and manage the potentially adverse effects they could have on human lives and the environment.

Nano- and Biocomposites focuses on the structural makeup of nanomaterials and their range of applications. It details the latest research in which biological applications of nanostructural resins have been conducted within in vitro and in vivo environments. Some of the applications explored in this book include:

• Tissue engineering and growth
• Mechanical and thermal stability enhancement of biocompatible polymers for artificial joints and scaffolding
• Thermal management for directed energy weapons, deicing, and electronics
• Structural performance for primary and secondary airframe structures, jet engines
• Electrical conductivity for lightning-strike protection, EMI, ESD, and energy storage
• Durability for chemical, wear, flame retardance, permeability
• Health monitoring for NDE certification, damage detection, and long-term degradation

This compilation of author contributions is divided into two sections Nanostructured Polymer Composites and Nano-Bio Composites. It provides a basic understanding of nanomaterial and nanocomposite research to explain the fundamentals of how nanostructured fillers strengthen polymer-based materials. With an emphasis on how nano- and biocomposites are used to create new biomedical applications, the text also focuses on the crucial yet often-ignored potential toxicity impact of using nanostructured materials. It presents important guidelines and new insights to stimulate investigation of anticipated research in this fascinating new field. Researchers, scientists, and academics will appreciate this cutting-edge exploration of nanomaterials, biomaterials, and the ever-evolving world of nano-biomaterials.