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The dramatic evolution of new technology in diagnostic and
therapeutic radiology has changed the whole field of medicine.
Ultrasonography, computed tomography, nuclear magnetic resonance,
and digital radiography are those new techniques which are
undergoing continuous development, providing us with increasingly
re fined methods for establishing the cause of disease and for
treating the patient. Using radiologic technique, ingenious methods
are continuously being developed to en sure less expensive, less
traumatic, and more efficient therapy. Transluminal angio plasty,
embolization of tumors or bleeding vessels, extraction or
dissolution of stones, and regional infusions are some of these
therapeutic methods in modem diagnostic radiology. Every day new
ideas arise which are published in a multitude of papers. This
heavy flow of information limits the possibility of selecting from
a core of information and often prevents radiologists from
communicating efficiently with their colleagues in other countries
or continents. European radiologists are additionally hampered from
participating in international communication because of the
language barriers created by the national journals. As a result,
Europe's contribution to scientific progress in this
interdisciplinary field has influenced only regional developments."
This book is a supplement to Volume V/I in the present series,
Diag- nostie Radiology, published in 1962. Despite the relatively
long period of time whieh has elapsed sinee its publieation, that
eomprehensive vol- urne is still essentially valid, even though
further developments have of course oeeurred in eertain fields. In
reeent years the developments in nuclear medieine and ultrasonie
teehniques have led to a number of new methods of medieal
investigation, whieh, in different ways, eomplement diagnostie
radiology. Funetional disorders of the urinary traet ean often be
detected by means of radioiso- topes. Sinee morphologie ehanges are
almost always preeeeded by fune- tional disturbanees, radionuclide
teehniques in many instanees produee an earlier diagnosis than
radiography. Disturbances of renal blood flow, slight ureterie
obstruetion, and ureterie reflux are examples of pathologie states
whieh ean be deteeted early by the y scintillation eamera. Bone
seans, Le., imaging of the skeletal system using a radionuclide,
are used extensively to diagnose bone metastases now that it has
been demonstrated that such metastatie growths are identified both
earlier and with greater aeeuraey by scintigraphy than by
radiographie teeh- niques.
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