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More than ten years have elapsed since the publication of a compre
hensive review on the quassinoids, the bitter principles of the
Simaroubaceae family (80). Interest in these terpenoids has
increased enormously in recent years due in part to the finding of
the American National Cancer Institute in the early 1970s that
these compounds display marked antileukemic activity. Furthermore,
a wide spectrum of other biological properties for the quassinoids
has been discovered and studies on chemical modifications of
inactive members to yield biologically active ones were undertaken.
New structures have been established also and numerous synthetic
approaches have been developed which include the total synthesis of
the parent compound, quassin (p. 250) and also that of
castelanolide (p. 253). It is intended that this present chapter
will be an extension of my first review in this series and will
contain references up to September 1984. A short article on some
aspects of this subject was published recently (81). II. Quassinoid
General Features In reviewing the essential features of the
quassinoids, the new structural types discovered during the last
decade will be emphasised. The quassinoids can be divided into
distinct groups according to their basic skeletons. The five
skeletons observed are presented on Chart 1."
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