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Of all the psychiatric disorders, depression is by far the most
common, affecting between 8 and 18 percent of the general
population at some point in their lives. Although the heterogeneity
of the affective disorders makes it unlikely that a single set of
factors can adequately explain the full range of phenomena
associated with depression, there has been a swell of research over
the past two decades designed to examine cognitive factors in the
etiology, maintenance, and treatment of this disorder. Whereas
early work in this area tended to examine responses of depressed
persons to questionnaires assessing cognitions, more recent
research has drawn both theoretically and methodologically from
experimental cognitive psychology, including work in information
processing, social cognition, and cognitive neuropsychology. In an
effort to examine the current state of research and theory in this
area, the National Institute of Mental Health held a workshop on
"The Cognitive Psychology of Depression" - this special issue is a
result of that workshop. The papers represent a wide range of
approaches to examining the relation between cognition and
depression, and include studies assessing attention, memory, and
schematic processing of both self-referential and neutral
information, as well as examinations of transient mood effects and
underlying brain activity. Moreover, the papers cover a diverse set
of samples (including children and young and middle-aged adults,
and unipolar depressed, bipolar depressed, and formerly depressed
individuals) and encompass a range of severity of depressive
symptoms. Finally, a closing commentary identifies and discusses
issues raised by this group of papers, and offers suggestions
concerning fruitful directions for future research in the study of
cognition and depression.
Contents: I.H. Gotlib, H.S. Kurtzman, M.C. Blehar, The Cognitive Psychology of Depression: Introduction to the Special Issue. Z.V. Segal, M. Gemar, Changes in Cognitive Organisation for Negative Self-referent Material Following Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Depression: A Primed Stroop Study. E. Gilboa, I.H. Gotlib, Cognitive Biases and Affect Persistence in Previously Dysphoric and Never-dysphoric Individuals. L.B. Alloy, L.Y. Abramson, L.A. Murray, W.G. Whitehouse, M.E. Hogan, Self-referent Information-processing in Individuals at High and Low Cognitive Risk for Depression. P.T. Hertel, On the Contributions of Deficient Cognitive Control to Memory Impairments in Depression. J. Miranda, J.I. Gross, Cognitive Vulnerability, Depression, and the Mood-state Dependent Hypothesis: Is Out of Sight Out of Mind? E. Eich, D. Macaulay, R.W. Lam, Mania, Depression, and Mood Dependent Memory. J. Garber, N.S. Robinson, Cognitive Vulnerability in Children at Risk for Depression. W. Heller, J.B. Nitschke, Regional Brain Activity in Emotion: A Framework for Understanding Cognition in Depression. I.H. Gotlib, H.S. Kurtzman, M.C. Blehar, Cognition and Depression: Issues and Future Directions.
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