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One of the main goals of a good and effective structural design is
to decrease, as far as possible, the self-weight of structures,
because they must carry the service load. This is especially
important for reinforced concrete (RC) structures, as the
self-weight of the material is substantial. For RC structures it is
furthermore important that the whole structure or most of the
structural elements are under compression with small
eccentricities. Continuous spatial concrete structures satisfy the
above-mentioned requirements. It is shown in this book that a span
of a spatial structure is practically independent of its thickness
and is a function of its geometry. It is also important to define
which structure can be called a spatial one. Such a definition is
given in the book and based on this definition, five types of
spatial concrete structures were selected: translation shells with
positive Gaussian curvature, long convex cylindrical shells,
hyperbolic paraboloid shells, domes, and long folders. To
demonstrate the complex research, results of experimental,
analytical, and numerical evaluation of a real RC dome are
presented and discussed. The book is suitable for structural
engineers, students, researchers and faculty members at
universities.
One of the main goals of a good and effective structural design is
to decrease, as far as possible, the self-weight of structures,
because they must carry the service load. This is especially
important for reinforced concrete (RC) structures, as the
self-weight of the material is substantial. For RC structures it is
furthermore important that the whole structure or most of the
structural elements are under compression with small
eccentricities. Continuous spatial concrete structures satisfy the
above-mentioned requirements. It is shown in this book that a span
of a spatial structure is practically independent of its thickness
and is a function of its geometry. It is also important to define
which structure can be called a spatial one. Such a definition is
given in the book and based on this definition, five types of
spatial concrete structures were selected: translation shells with
positive Gaussian curvature, long convex cylindrical shells,
hyperbolic paraboloid shells, domes, and long folders. To
demonstrate the complex research, results of experimental,
analytical, and numerical evaluation of a real RC dome are
presented and discussed. The book is suitable for structural
engineers, students, researchers and faculty members at
universities.
This monograph analyses experimental and theoretical investigations
in the field of reinforced concrete structures and elements from
the viewpoint of a new mini-max principle and application of this
principle for calculation of forces, strengths and critical
buckling loads in RC shells, columns, plates, etc. The basis of the
mini-max principle was developed during solving a problem of
finding an RC shell load bearing capacity via a kinematic method.
Forming the internal forces' fields at the plastic stage of the
structure leads to a problem, related to interaction between the
normal forces and bending moments, but at this stage the compressed
shell section has an unknown eccentricity. Therefore an additional
equation should be found for separating the above-mentioned forces.
The following idea was proposed: the section compressed zone depth
(static parameter) should be selected so that the maximum load
bearing capacity of the structure is realized simultaneously with
minimizing the external load the failure zone dimension (kinematic
parameter). Development of this idea resulted in formulating the
mini-max principle. The essence of this principle is that real load
bearing capacity of the structure is calculated (without under- and
over-estimation). With this aim it is proposed to use in the same
calculation both extreme features of failure load. At the same time
just one method is used (static or kinematic). Thus, the mini-max
principle became a way for realizing the unity theorem of the limit
equilibrium method, which joints the static and kinematic
approaches. The mini-max principle enabled to solve some problems
in load bearing capacity of structures that had no solutions or
were solved approximately. Additionally, the principle was used for
solving some new problems in calculation of RC shells.
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