Nanocellulose, due to its nanosize, offers a large surface area with new functionalities. These open a wide range of possible properties, as well as smart applications, in many fields. The growing interest in renewability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and unsurpassed physical and chemical properties of nanocellulose has resulted in increased academic and industrial interests towards development of nanocellulose-based materials and cellulose nanocomposites. However, there are still some issues to overcome, and the main challenges in the field are related to efficient preparation and isolation of nanosize cellulosic materials from their natural sources. This book reviews some vital issues and topics concerning the latest scientific and technological advances in nanocellulose, cellulose nanofibers and cellulose nanocomposites. Some subjects included are nanocellulose, covering synthesis, characterisation and applications of nanocellulose, extraction of nanocellulose from natural sources and synthesis of bacterial nanocellulose for medical applications. Cellulose nanofibers are devoted to advances in production, derivatisation and utilisation of micro- and nanofibrillated cellulose. Cellulose nanocomposites, covering the production and characterisation for smart applications of cellulose-based nanocomposite, cellulose composite-based electrospun nanofibers for high-tech applications and the application of peptide-nanocellulose as a biosensor for human neutrophil elastase are also discussed. This book will provide an essential source of information to readers in the exploration of possible applications of nanocellulose in the above-mentioned fields. Let us hope that it also will help in the generation of new ideas for new applications and product development. A book like this, covering the above-mentioned vital issues and topics, should be useful to chemists, scientists, research scholars, polymer engineers and researchers in the industry.

Protective Textiles from Natural Resources provides systematic coverage of the fundamentals, production methods, processing techniques, characterization techniques, properties and applications of natural textile products for protective purposes. The subject of this book is an important kind of technical textile designed to protect the wearer from injuries, illness and death. They offer enhanced protection against phenomena including heat, cold, flame, chemical, biological, nuclear agents, radiation, disaster and even ballistics. As no single type of clothing can be adequate for all kinds of protection, extensive research is carried out to develop protective clothing for specialized civilian and military applications. The latest research on the use of natural fibres in PPE is also covered, which could make a significant contribution to the fight against the spread of COVID-19. This comprehensive guide explores a wide variety of themes from material processing and design to finished products, through protection against specific hazards to specific applications, including all significant new developments on natural materials for protective textiles.

Medical Textiles from Natural Resources provides systematic and comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals, production methods, processing techniques, characterization techniques, properties and applications of medical textile materials from natural resources. Medical textiles offer a variety of technical and functional properties valued in medical and healthcare sectors, often relating to hygiene. As medical textile products remain in close contact with the human body, the fibre must have characteristics such as biological compatibility, biological degradability, permeability and nontoxicity. Only materials from natural renewable sources have such characteristics. This book provides the latest information on a wide range of medical applications, from single suture and wound dressings, to implants and tissue scaffolds. It also offers a systematic review of the manufacture, properties and applications of technical textiles for medical use.

The textile industry is focused in its search for alternative green fibres with the aim of providing high-quality products which are fully recyclable and biodegradable. Natural textile materials from renewable sources play an increasingly important role in the industry due to their unique properties and functionality over synthetic fibres, as well as their sustainability. Fundamentals of Natural Fibres and Textiles covers all the fundamental and basic information about natural fibres and textiles. Many different fibres are covered from their origin, through processing, properties, and applications. The latest methods for characterisation and testing of natural fibres are all addressed with reference to cutting-edge industry trends. This uniquely comprehensive approach to the topic provides the ideal entry point to natural fibres for textile and clothing scientists, engineers, designers, researchers, students, and manufacturers of such products.

The textile industry is focused in its search for alternative green fibres with the aim of providing high-quality products which are fully recyclable and biodegradable. Natural textile materials from renewable sources play an increasingly important role in the industry due to their unique properties and functionality over synthetic fibres, as well as their sustainability. Antimicrobial Textiles from Natural Resources is an in-depth guide to the latest methods and applications of natural antimicrobial materials. A broad range of applications are addressed, from common to specialized applications, including many in the biomedical sector. This world-class collection of contributors write from a range of disciplinary backgrounds, providing important insights from textile science and technology, materials science, chemical engineering, and biomedical engineering. Advice and proposed solutions are presented in a rigorous and practical way, drawing on results and case studies obtained from academic and industrial laboratories worldwide.

Smart Textiles from Natural Resources is an interdisciplinary guide for best practices and emerging challenges in the use of natural textiles in smart applications. The movement towards smart textiles has attracted researchers from many fields creating multidisciplinary research frontiers with nanoscience, smart materials and structures, microelectronics, and wireless communication. This groundbreaking book provides technical advice and foundational support to researchers from all of these backgrounds. Each chapter in is written, reviewed, and edited to cover the principles of manufacture, process techniques and mechanisms, and state-of-the-art construction specifications, properties, test methods, and standards of major product areas and applications.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), also known as cellulose gum, is manufactured by the chemical synthesis of naturally-derived cellulose with chloroacetic acid. The multifunctional aspects of this product make it favorable for use as a key intermediate or ingredient in several applications. Furthermore, CMC is incorporated as a binding, thickening, stabilizing, emulsifying, suspending, sizing and coating agent in various applications. Cellulose gum enhances the aesthetics of the finished product by imparting a smooth texture and modifies the viscosity of various foods and beverages, superabsorbent hydrogels (as in many personal care products), cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Textiles, paper and board, oil and gas drilling, paints and adhesives, and soaps and detergents are other major applications in the global market. The present book thus covers a wide range of applications; hence, a great number of people, both academics and industrialists, may find topics of interest about CMC, as well as other cellulosics.Although there are many research publications, patents and reports on CMC, no books about it are yet available. The present book reviews some vital issues and topics on the latest scientific and technological advances in carboxymethylcellulose. This book will provide an essential source of information to readers, in the exploration of possible applications of CMC, and in the generation of new ideas for product development.The book is divided into two volumes: Carboxymethyl Cellulose: Volume I Synthesis and Characterization, and Carboxymethyl Cellulose: Volume II Pharmaceutical and Industrial Applications. The book contains a total of 32 entries on selected topics. Each chapter describes some specific issues and gives the current status of research and technology in the study of synthesis routes or design concepts, methods and fabrication strategies, characterization and applications of CMC products, as well as future prospects for research in the subject area.Highlights of this book include synthesis and formation mechanisms of CMC, structure property relationships, homogeneous and heterogeneous phase modification to create common and functional products, analysis and characterization, absorption and swelling mechanisms, stimuli-responsive and super-absorbency nature, and a wide range of multi-dimensional applications, including human consumption and uses.

Cellulose is the most abundant natural biopolymer. Recently, modified cellulose has been used as a reinforcement for various composites. Cellulose composite and modified cellulose are attractive because of their excellent mechanical and thermal performance. Furthermore, these are fully biodegradable in a wide variety of environmental conditions. Researchers all over the world are working on reinforcing cellulosic materials, with a goal to increase the number of uses of cellulose composites and modified cellulose. This book reviews some vital issues and topics on the latest scientific and technological advances in cellulose composites and modified cellulose. There are few books available on these topics. This book contains 20 invited contributions, written by renowned experts from many countries. Each chapter focuses on issues related to the use of cellulose composites and modified celluloses. This book thus demonstrates the real potential of these materials to be useful in different products and industries. Highlights of the book include the cellulose modification for smart material and medical applications, functional finishing of textiles, new cellulose-derivative plastic films, cellulose-based composites (such as thermoplastic composites, smart cellulose composites, composites for building and household materials), smart applications of cellulose-based materials in tissue engineering, digital dyeing and wrapping materials. There are also special sections on Bayesian statistics in interpreting wood pyrolysis and techniques in developing value-added products from cellulosic biomass. Thus, this book, covering the vital issues and topics of cellulose, its modifications and uses, should be attractive and supportive to scientists, product designers, polymer engineers and other academic processionals.

Cellulose is the principal constituent of all plant life; it is the most abundant, important and fascinating biopolymer on earth. Cellulose, as an almost inexhaustible, environmentally benign and renewable material, has stimulated basic and applied research as well as inspired significant progress in Polymer Science. In recent years, cellulose has gained renewed importance as a raw material. Although ground breaking research is carried out on cellulose, it still possesses high potential for future applications; it can be easily modified to more natural and sustainable alternatives compared to synthetic products by certain techniques. The present book reviews some vital issues and topics on the latest science and technological advances in cellulose and its derivatives. This catalog acts as an essential source of information to readers in the exploration for possible applications of cellulose and its derivatives. The authors hope this collection will spark a generation of new ideas for product development. The present book contains 25 invited contributions written by leading experts in the field of cellulose and cellulose derivatives. It is divided into three parts: Part I, Cellulose Synthesis and Modification; Part II, Cellulose Derivatives; and Part III, Applications of Cellulose Derivatives. Highlights of this book include the mechanism of cellulose formation in biosynthetical processes; surface modification and functionalisation of cellulose fibers; advances in the homogenous and heterogeneous phase modification of cellulose to create unusual and functional derivatives; analysis and characterisation of modified derivatives; derivatives for antimicrobial, medical and pharmaceutical applications, and wastewater treatment; dendronised and hyperbranched cellulose derivatives; and rheology of nanocellulosic systems.

This collection provides a broad overview of textiles covering historical, fundamental and industrial application topics, including vintage fashion and design; synthesis and application of cellulose derivatives and dyes; colour management and photo-responsive textile applications in the field of printing; the preservation of textile objects in different environments; smart textiles; modification by physico-chemical methods for better performance and extra-properties; electronic, medical and health care applications; comfort finishing of textile materials; effects of clothing materials on the thermoregulatory response of the human body; new applications of hemp fibres; microscopic and spinning related topics. Textiles are essential and one of the most important classes of materials used by humanity since ancient times. Despite textiles having been around and in use for so long, advances and improvements continue to be made. This book contains 22 invited contributions written by leading experts in the field of textiles. Each chapter presents and discusses updated science and technological advances during this period. Hence, this collection will be a valuable reference for those researching and manufacturing textiles, as well as those that are interested in a wider area of textiles.

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), also known as cellulose gum, is manufactured by the chemical synthesis of naturally-derived cellulose with chloroacetic acid. The multifunctional aspects of this product make it favorable for use as a key intermediate or ingredient in several applications. Furthermore, CMC is incorporated as a binding, thickening, stabilizing, emulsifying, suspending, sizing and coating agent in various applications. Cellulose gum enhances the aesthetics of the finished product by imparting a smooth texture and modifies the viscosity of various foods and beverages, superabsorbent hydrogels (as in many personal care products), cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Textiles, paper and board, oil and gas drilling, paints and adhesives, and soaps and detergents are other major applications in the global market. The present book thus covers a wide range of applications; hence, a great number of people, both academics and industrialists, may find topics of interest about CMC, as well as other cellulosics.Although there are many research publications, patents and reports on CMC, no books about it are yet available. The present book reviews some vital issues and topics on the latest scientific and technological advances in carboxymethylcellulose. This book will provide an essential source of information to readers, in the exploration of possible applications of CMC, and in the generation of new ideas for product development.The book is divided into two volumes: Carboxymethyl Cellulose: Volume I Synthesis and Characterization, and Carboxymethyl Cellulose: Volume II Pharmaceutical and Industrial Applications. The book contains a total of 32 entries on selected topics. Each chapter describes some specific issues and gives the current status of research and technology in the study of synthesis routes or design concepts, methods and fabrication strategies, characterization and applications of CMC products, as well as future prospects for research in the subject area.Highlights of this book include synthesis and formation mechanisms of CMC, structure property relationships, homogeneous and heterogeneous phase modification to create common and functional products, analysis and characterization, absorption and swelling mechanisms, stimuli-responsive and super-absorbency nature, and a wide range of multi-dimensional applications, including human consumption and uses.