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This book presents a history of the ideas and activities of the
American Political Science Association (APSA) in the field of
citizenship education in public schools. Examining APSA's evolving
objectives and strategies in implementing citizenship education,
Ahmad analyzes the complicated relationship between the teaching of
government in the public schools and the APSA's changing visions of
citizenship education. By offering a narrative of political
scientists' ideas on citizenship and citizenship education, Ahmad
reveals the impact of APSA's worldview and official policies
concerning pre-collegiate curriculum and instruction in citizenship
education. By providing a comprehensive history of ASPA's agenda
and its implementation, this book sheds light on the intersection
between the pedagogical goals of political scientists and the
meaning, purpose, and context for citizenship education in high
schools.
Wild Miseries is a short story about animals when they were given
brains, they destroyed the Jungle including themselves. The beauty
of the Jungle is the innocence of the animals. Human brain given to
the animals results in evil intelligence
Physics Handy Notes is an easy and quick access to multiple topics
of physics through short definitions and multiple choice questions.
In this study we present a steady three dimensional MHD flow and
heat trasfer charecteristic of a viscous fluid due to bidirectional
stretching sheet in a porous medium. The heat transfer analysis is
carried out for two heating process namely prescribed surface
temperature (PST) and prescribed heat flux (PHF). The similarity
solution of the governing boundary layer partial differential
equations is developed by employing homotopy analysis method(HAM)
Although the peristaltic flow has been a topic of scientific
research during the past few decades, but in recent years it has
received much attention due to its application in engineering and
physiology. Peristalsis has its own importance in much biological
systems, in spite of the several applications of non-Newtonian
fluids in polymer, processing industries, bio fluid dynamics,
petroleum, drilling and many other similar activities. Many
theoretical investigations has been carried out by assuming that
blood and other physiological fluids having like a Newtonian fluid
of constant viscosity much attention has not been given to
peristaltic action in non-Newtonian fluids.
Although the Newtonian fluids has been a topic of scientific
research during many years. But the study of unsteady rotational
fluids has received much attention due to its practical
applications. The partial differential equations arising in the
study of viscous rotating fluids offer many challenges not only to
physicist and numerical analysts but also mathematicians alike. The
main aim here is to develop the analytical series solution using
homotopy analysis method. In this particular book we emphasized on
a unsteady flow of viscous rotating fluid for linear stretching
sheet.
This book covers the basic theme of Golf game and cover the whole
practices regarding grass maintenance in golf courses. this book
will completed with the help of Royal Palm Golf Course and Country
Club, Lahore, Pakistan. Most of the pictures use in that book is
taken in Royal Palm Golf Course & Country Club, Lahore. we are
grateful to the person related to golf course maintenance especial
thank to Karnal Jameel (R) and Sohail Ahmad Rana who gave us there
kind help regarding the completion of that book.
The research titled "Human Performance Technology to improve
learning performance at Allama Iqbal Open University" is taken in
the meaning that learning is already being carried out at certain
levels at Allama Iqbal Open University. It can be improved under
the umbrella of Human Performance Technology. "Human Performance
Technology (HPT) is the systematic and systemic identification and
removal of barriers to individual and organizational performance"
(Chevalier, 2004). Human Performance Technology, a systematic and
systemic interdisciplinary rich discipline, finds out
opportunities, new situations and removes human performance
barriers to individuals in the context of organizational
structures. B.F. Skinners idea of small step instruction and
intensive feed-back keeps this discipline up and evergreen.
Flexible and continuing improvement techniques in accordance with
performance improvement standards can be inducted into learning
context to improve observable and measureable learning performance.
It is a subject of professionals and is derived from theoretical as
well as applied subjects including Human Resource Management,
Cognitive Engineering, Information Technology, Ergonomics
I would like to thank Almighty Allah, the most beneficent and
merciful, to give me the opportunity to complete my this work
successfully. I wish to express my heartiest gratitude to my
supervisor Dr. Cong-Feng Qiao, Professor of the College of Physical
Sciences, (GUCAS), for his invaluable advice and encouraging
support. I wish to thank my Co-Supervisor and advisor Dr. Yun-Song
Piao for the inspiration, support and guidance, for the infinite
degrees of freedom, and for proving that success in science is not
irreconcilable with having a life. He not only supervised me to
materialize the work but also showed me the way to think in
different dimensions and work steadily from the very beginning of a
research. Special thanks to my friends and colleagues for their
interest and support of my research work. Many thanks go to so many
others for helping me get through the difficult times, and for all
the emotional support they provided. Finally, the greatest thanks
to my Parents, and my wife for her love and my both sons.
Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) is one of the important legumes and a
well-known economic crop in tropical and subtropical countries. It
belongs to the family Leguminosae with diploid chromosome number 2n
= 2x = 22. (Smart 1990).and is native to Indo-Burma (Myanmar)
region of Asia. The primary gene center of diversity for mungbean
was suggested to be the central Asian region (Vavilov, 1951) with
India as the gene center and probable center of domestication
(Smartt, 1985).So India is considered as its land of origin (Loh
and Stacey, 2003). It has several synonyms like greengram, moong,
goldengram, oregon pea, chickasono pea, chickasaw pea and chiroko
It is short-stature, less than 1.25 m, depending on the variety and
growing conditions (Watt et al. 1977). It is a pulse or food legume
crop used primarily as dried seed and occasionally as forage or
green pods and seeds for vegetables (Lawn 1995). On a dry-weight
basis it contains 25 to 28% protein, 1.0 to 1.5% fats, 3.5 to 4.5%
fiber, 4.5 to 5.5% ash and 60 to 65% carbohydrate (Lawn and Ahn,
1985).
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa forests are of great importance for the
ecological health and socio economic development of the province.
Nematodes are important as they can cause substantial damage to
different forest trees. In the present study nematodes associated
with willow, poplar, heaven tree and walnut are being reported. The
information is useful for plant pathologists, students, teachers
and research workers in this field of study.
Intrusions on computer network systems are major security issues
these days. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to prevent such
intrusions. The prevention of such intrusions is entirely dependent
on their detection that is a main part of any security tool. A
variety of intrusion detection approaches are available but the
main problem is their performance, which can be enhanced by
increasing the detection rates and reducing false positives. PCA
has been employed to transform raw features into principal features
space and select the features based on their sensitivity. This
research applied a GA to search the principal feature space that
offers a subset of features with optimal sensitivity. Based on the
selected features, the classification is performed. The SVM and MLP
are used for classification. This research work uses the KDD
dataset. The performance of this approach was analyzed and compared
with existing approaches. The results show that proposed method
provides an optimal intrusion detection mechanism that outperforms
the existing approaches and has the capability to minimize the
number of features and maximize the detection rates.
Virulence presence for stripe rust is a lingering threat to
national wheat production that also extends across all geographical
boundaries. The dynamics of this pathogen's character imposes a
major stress that can jeopardize wheat crops productivity. Thus
breeders continue their search for new genes or assemble gene
combinations that can give a genetically durable varietal
performance system. Search for new gene sources is spread across
the three wheat gene pools and of these a focus on the primary gene
pool holds priority. in the present study germplasm from various
sources was screened for stripe rust resistance.
Ephedra nebrodensis, a source of ephedrine used in orthodox
medicine to treat bronchial asthma, high fever and as a heart
stimulant. Some species are over exploited while many others are
under exploited. The present study area represents unique and
enormous diversity of medicinal and aromatic plants (MAP) within a
relatively small geographic area due to variation in topography,
altitude and climate. The MAP species have supported livelihood of
many people in the area. They are being collected for export both
to national and international markets. The high dependency of rural
people on MAP for subsistence and unsustainable harvesting
practices has resulted over exploitation of resources in different
areas of the country. The study also revealed that the availability
of important MAP species is decreasing and the number of rare and
threatened species among the MAPs is increasing. Recommendations
are, therefore, given in the spheres of training in identification,
sustainable collection, value addition, trade monitoring and
cooperative system of marketing.
This hand book provides base-line informations on documentation of
the inventory of medicinal, economic and aromatic plants for the
socio-economic development, current status its trade, linkages in
the market chain starting from collectors to consumers. Also
suggestion for new avenues -harvesting, processing and trading of
different forest resources in manners that can enhances
sustainability and economic attractiveness of different medicinal
and aromatic plants in northern Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa (Swat valley),
Pakistan. The book will certainly helpful for the graduate,
post-graduacte students, pharmacologist and researchers as useful
guideline in their respective fields.
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