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This open access book traces the journey of nuclear law: its
origins, how it has developed, where it is now, and where it is
headed. As a discipline, this highly specialized body of law makes
it possible for us to benefit from the life-saving applications of
nuclear science and technology, including diagnosing cancer as well
as avoiding and mitigating the effects of climate change. This book
seeks to give readers a glimpse into the future of nuclear law,
science and technology. It intends to provoke thought and
discussion about how we can maximize the benefits and minimize the
risks inherent in nuclear science and technology. This compilation
of essays presents a global view in discipline as well as in
geography. The book is aimed at representatives of
governments-including regulators, policymakers and lawmakers-as
well representatives of international organizations and the legal
and insurance sectors. It will be of interest to all those keen to
better understand the role of law in enabling the safe, secure, and
peaceful use of nuclear technology around the world. The
contributions in this book are written by leading experts,
including the IAEA's Director General, and discuss the four
branches of nuclear law-safety, security, safeguards and nuclear
liability-and the interaction of nuclear law with other fields of
national and international law.
The need has arisen for a comprehensive handbook for engineers
faced with problems of radiation shielding design. Although there
are several excellent books on shielding, they either do not give
enough consideration to the many practical design problems, or are
limited to special aspects of the subject. Recognizing the
universal need, the International Atomic Energy Agency decided to
sponsor the publication ofthe present Engineering Compendium on
Radiation Shield ing. At the first editorial discussions it was
agreed that, if such a book were to be undertaken, it would be
appropriate not only to create a useful design tool for the
practising engineer but also to include well-referenced basic data
for the research worker. Although trying to keep the book down to a
reasonable size, the editors have aimed at a complete presentation
of the subject, covering and linking both the tech nology and the
science of shielding. Efforts to make terms and definitions
consistent throughout have been only partially successful, owing to
the continuing development of new ideas. However, inconsisten cies
that could not be eliminated are identified whenever possible."
This publication is a revision of IAEA Nuclear Security Series No.
8, Preventive and Protective Measures against Insider Threats,
published in 2008. The new publication provides updated guidance to
States, their competent authorities and operators, and shippers and
carriers on selecting, implementing and evaluating measures for
addressing insider threats. It applies to any type of nuclear
facility, notably nuclear power plants, research reactors and other
nuclear fuel cycle facilities (e.g. enrichment plants, reprocessing
plants, fuel fabrication plants, storage facilities), whether in
design, redesign, construction, commissioning, operation, shutdown
or decommissioning.
La GuĂa para el uso de sedimentos en la reconstrucciĂłn histĂłrica
de la contaminaciĂłn en zonas costeras presenta los mĂŠtodos,
procedimientos operacionales y recomendaciones prĂĄcticas para el
muestreo, la preparaciĂłn y la fechaciĂłn de perfiles sedimentarios
mediante los radionucleidos 210Pb y 137Cs, con el propĂłsito de
evaluar tendencias histĂłricas de la contaminaciĂłn en zonas
costeras. La guĂa contribuye a la armonizaciĂłn metodolĂłgica
entre los laboratorios que fechan sedimentos marino-costeros y es
complementaria al libro RadiocronologĂa de sedimentos costeros
utilizando 210Pb: modelos, validaciĂłn y aplicaciones, publicado
por el OIEA en 2012.
This open access book traces the journey of nuclear law: its
origins, how it has developed, where it is now, and where it is
headed. As a discipline, this highly specialized body of law makes
it possible for us to benefit from the life-saving applications of
nuclear science and technology, including diagnosing cancer as well
as avoiding and mitigating the effects of climate change. This book
seeks to give readers a glimpse into the future of nuclear law,
science and technology. It intends to provoke thought and
discussion about how we can maximize the benefits and minimize the
risks inherent in nuclear science and technology. This compilation
of essays presents a global view in discipline as well as in
geography. The book is aimed at representatives of
governments-including regulators, policymakers and lawmakers-as
well representatives of international organizations and the legal
and insurance sectors. It will be of interest to all those keen to
better understand the role of law in enabling the safe, secure, and
peaceful use of nuclear technology around the world. The
contributions in this book are written by leading experts,
including the IAEA's Director General, and discuss the four
branches of nuclear law-safety, security, safeguards and nuclear
liability-and the interaction of nuclear law with other fields of
national and international law.
This revision provides guidance on how to establish or improve,
develop, implement, maintain, and sustain computer security within
nuclear facilities. This publication addresses the use of risk
informed approaches to establish and enhance computer security
policies, programmes; it describes the integration of computer
security into the management system of a facility; establishes a
systematic approach to identifying facility functions and
appropriate computer security measures that protect sensitive
digital assets and the facility from the consequence of
cyber-attacks consistent with the threat assessment or design basis
threat.
This is the 41st edition of Reference Data Series No. 2, which
presents the most recent reactor data available to the IAEA. It
contains summarized information as of the end of 2020 on power
reactors operating, under construction and shut down as well as
performance data on reactors operating in the IAEA Member States.
The information is collected through designated national
correspondents in the Member States and the data are used to
maintain the IAEA's Power Reactor Information System (PRIS).
This handbook on ageing management for nuclear power plants (NPPs)
has been developed in compliance with relevant IAEA safety
standards and draws on lessons learned from ageing management
practices worldwide. It provides an overview of the topic and
guidance on proactive ageing management within NPPs. The
publication also collates information on ageing mechanisms, effects
on structures, systems and components, the regulatory framework as
well as some details on innovative techniques and research and
development in the area. The information is presented concisely
with clear flow charts and with structured reference to the
underlying principles. The handbook will support NPP staff,
maintenance managers, vendors, personnel at research organizations
and regulators in their work related to the ageing of structures,
systems and components.
This Safety Guide provides guidance and recommendations on how to
meet the relevant requirements for ensuring subcriticality when
dealing with fissile material and for planning the response to
criticality accidents. The guidance and recommendations are
applicable to both regulatory bodies and operating organizations.
The objectives of criticality safety are to prevent a
self-sustained nuclear chain reaction and to minimize the
consequences of this if it were to occur. The Safety Guide makes
recommendations on how to ensure subcriticality in systems
involving fissile materials during normal operation, anticipated
operational occurrences, and, in the case of accident conditions,
within design basis accidents, from initial design through
commissioning, operation, and decommissioning and disposal.
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) and their potentially devastating,
wide-ranging impacts are now a well-established threat to marine
and freshwater ecosystems. The IAEA technical cooperation program
is working to integrate HAB management and monitoring activities of
its Member States in order to support the need for sustainable safe
seafood supply. Within this framework the radioligand receptor
binding assay (RBA) for HAB toxin detection has been identified as
a beneficial technology for use by Member States in HAB research
and monitoring, and ultimately in a regulatory context since its
adoption as an AOAC first action official method. This publication
outlines the theoretical and practical aspects of the RBA method as
it applies to the detection of toxins causing several human
intoxication syndromes, i.e. paralytic shellfish poisoning,
Ciguatera, neurotoxic shellfish poisoning and amnesic shellfish
poisoning.
Generation-IV reactors are being designed as nuclear systems with
revolutionary features, offering higher levels of safety,
economics, proliferation resistance and sustainability than the
current generation. At present six designs, at different levels of
preparedness, have been selected as the most promising, and their
implementation is planned around 2040. Having in mind that the
process of new fuel design and licensing takes decades, development
of their radiation testing techniques is an urgent task. At the
same time about 96% of the currently operated 435 power units in 30
countries are watercooled reactors, and the process of the
evolutionary deployment of their upgraded Generation III+ is
ongoing with economically driven gradual increase of fuel burnup,
that pushes down the fuel share in the overall cost of nuclear
power
Quality management (QM) is essential for modern nuclear medicine
departments. This publication presents a method of conducting a
systematic annual audit process. A key outcome of the QM
methodology should be a culture of reviewing essential elements of
the clinical service. Each chapter of this publication is set out
as a series of questions related to specific components of the
nuclear medicine service. The diversity of the service and the
multidisciplinary nature of the contributions (including clinical,
technical, radiopharmaceutical and medical physics procedures) are
considered. The QM methodology described in this publication is
designed to be applied to a variety of economic circumstances and
will be of use to those involved in the development or
implementation of QM systems.
The foundation of this series, "Nuclear Energy Basic Principles",
describes the rationale and vision for the peaceful uses of nuclear
energy, identifying the basic principles on which nuclear energy
systems should be based to fulfil their potential to meet growing
global energy demands. This new publication outlines the
beneficial, responsible and sustainable use of nuclear power. It
clearly identifies and describes eight basic principles,
specifically: benefits, transparency, protection of people and the
environment, security, non-proliferation, long term commitment, and
resource efficiency and continual improvement. These basic
principles are intended to provide a holistic approach to the use
of nuclear energy and to be equally applicable to all elements of
nuclear energy systems, including human resources and technical,
management and economic aspects. The basic principles described
within this publication are of critical importance as they form the
basis of discussion for all three document levels within the
"Nuclear Energy Series": Objectives, Guides and Technical Reports.
"The Nuclear Energy Series" covers topics within four distinct
subject areas: Nuclear General, Nuclear Power, Nuclear Fuel Cycle
and Radioactive Waste Management and Decommissioning, and
complements other publications such as those in the "IAEA Safety
Standards Series", the "IAEA Nuclear Security Series", and those
dealing with safeguards and publications issued by other
organisations.
Ion beam techniques contribute significantly to the research and
development of new materials in important research areas such as
information technology, energy management, environmental protection
and human health. This publication contains information on how to
facilitate applied, innovative research and development efforts
using low energy accelerators to study material characteristics,
develop appropriate techniques and synthesize novel materials, and
to strengthen the capacity of accelerator laboratories in
developing countries. The publication will be of interest to
researchers in polymer materials as well as to representatives of
national organizations who are intending to pursue the enhancement
of utilization of ion beams and accelerators for materials
modification.
This is the twenty-ninth edition of "Reference Data Series number
2, Nuclear Power Reactors in the World", which is published once
per year, and presents the most recent reactor data available to
the IAEA. It contains the following summarised information: general
information as of the end of 2008 on power reactors operating or
under construction, and shut down; performance data on reactors
operating in the Agency's Member States, as reported to the IAEA.
The IAEA's Power Reactor Information System (PRIS) is a
comprehensive data source on nuclear power reactors in the world.
It includes specification and performance history data of operating
reactors as well as reactors under construction or reactors being
decommissioned. PRIS data are collected by the IAEA through the
designated national correspondents of Member States.
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