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Nepal is a pioneer country to implement community forestry
development programme under decentralized forest policy regimes in
the world. Community managed forests (CFs) and government managed
forests/national forests (NFs) are widely adopted systems in Tarai
that has diverse socio-political and biophysical contexts. By 2008,
one-third (34.6%) of total forest areas were handed over to local
communities for managing forest resources through collective
efforts in order to conserve biodiversity, reduce poverty and
sharing forest benefits among the users households . It is crucial
to assess whether ownership change from NFs to CFs affects to
increase overall forest biodiversity. This paper aims to assess the
diversity and dynamics of tree species at a landscape level in
Western Tarai of Nepal. Biodiversity indices of tree species were
measured using Shannon-Weiver diversity index (SDI) and Margalef
species richness index (SRI) adopting simple random sampling
techniques. The findings of study suggest that CFs are superior in
terms of SDI than that of NFs while there was no significant
difference in terms of SRI.
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