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Egypt is a country of tremendous land resources but limited water
resources The area of cultivated land is only 3.2% of the gross
area. The river Nile is the main sources of water. In the recent
years the Governement established large-scale agricultural projects
in light of food security related to the population growth.
Expansion of irrigated agriculture has to be predomantly relalized
bt increasing the water use efficiency. In Egypt, the dominant
irrigation method is surface irrigation, which covers approximately
83% of the irrigated areas. Surface irrigation or gravity methods
are generally characterized by a low efficiency. One opportunity to
increase the efficiency is to convert surface irrigation to modern
irrigation systems, which are generaly highly expensive for a
country like Egypt. Another option to increase the efficiency of
surface irrigation systems is to convert the traditional irrigation
method based on continuous flow to surge flow irrigation. Surge
flow irrigation is the intermittent application of water to furrows
in a series of relatively short on and off time periods. This study
has been carried out to demonstrate the applicability of surge flow
irrigation for water saving under the short field conditions that
prevail in Egypt. The results indicate that surge flow irrigation
is an effective irrigation method to save water and to increase
crop production.
Egypt is a country of tremendous land resources but limited water
resources The area of cultivated land is only 3.2 per cent of the
gross area. The river Nile is the main sources of water. In the
recent years the Governement established large-scale agricultural
projects in light of food security related to the population
growth. Expansion of irrigated agriculture has to be predomantly
relalized bt increasing the water use efficiency. In Egypt, the
dominant irrigation method is surface irrigation, which covers
approximately 83 per cent of the irrigated areas. Surface
irrigation or gravity methods are generally characterized by a low
efficiency. One opportunity to increase the efficiency is to
convert surface irrigation to modern irrigation systems, which are
generaly highly expensive for a country like Egypt. Another option
to increase the efficiency of surface irrigation systems is to
convert the traditional irrigation method based on continuous flow
to surge flow irrigation. Surge flow irrigation is the intermittent
application of water to furrows in a series of relatively short on
and off time periods.
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