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During the past decade, cardiovascular medicine has made
significant strides in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary
heart disease and related disorders as well as developing a better
understanding of potential preventive, risk-reduc ing measures.
Highly sophisticated diagnostic instrumentation, surgical pro
cedures, and emergency medical care have undoubtedly contributed
greatly to the trend of declining mortality from cardiovascular
events. In the course of the extensive research efforts associated
with this area, it has become increas ingly apparent that the
identified coronary risk factors share the common ele ment of
lifestyle as a major determiner of health behaviors associated with
these factors. Further, it is suspected that behavioral and
environmental factors may playa significant contributory role
toward the etiology and progression of arteriosclerosis through
their effects on the central and peripheral nervous sys tems and
associated neurohormonal response. Considerable research effort has
been devoted to identifying the risks asso ciated with smoking,
elevated blood pressure, and serum cholesterol. Research
development and modification is being vigorously pursued.
Behavioral research exploring the role of psychological stress
factors, social support networks, stressful life events, and the
Type AlB behavior patterns has uncovered poten tially meaningful
associations between behavioral factors and arteriosclerosis, as
discussed in the succeeding chapters of this book."
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