The modern understanding of turbulence is that it is a collection of weakly correlated vortical motions, which, despite their intermittent and chaotic distribution over a wide range of space and time scales, actually consist of local characteristic 'eddy' patterns that persist as they move around under the influences of their own and other eddies' vorticity fields. Numerical simulations and experimental observations have now identified some forms and elements of 'life-cycles' of some of these structures. The articles in this volume, first published in 2000, examine a number of key questions that have engaged turbulence researchers for many years. Most involve mathematical analysis, but some describe numerical simulations and experimental results that focus on these questions. However, all are addressed to a wide cross-section of the turbulence community, namely mathematicians, engineers and scientists.

Throughout his life Lewis Fry Richardson made many inspirational contributions to various disciplines. Often his ideas were ahead of contemporary thinking, and preceded the technical means necessary for their practical implementation. He is best known for his wealth of important work on meteorology, and his groundbreaking application of mathematics to the causes of war, though his field of interest was in no way limited to these topics, and various aspects of psychology and mathematical approximation also benefited from his unique approach. The originality of Richardson's research can be seen in this collection of all his important papers in the behavioural sciences.

Wind erosion has such a pervasive influence on environmental and agricultural matters that academic interest in it has been continuous for several decades. However, there has been a tendency for the resulting publications to be scattered widely in the scientific litera ture and consequently to provide a less coherent resource than might otherwise be hoped for. In particular, cross-reference between the literature on desert and coastal morphology, on the deterioration of wind affected soils, and on the process mechanics of the grain/air flow system has been disappointing. A successful workshop on "The Physics of Blown Sand," held in Aarhus in 1985, took a decisive step in collecting a research community with interests spanning geomorphology and grain/wind process mechanics. The identification of that Community was reinforced by the Binghampton Symposium on Aeolian Geomorphology in 1986 and has been fruitful in the development of a number of international collaborations. The objectives of the pre sent workshop, which was supported by a grant from the NATO Scientific Affairs Division, were to take stock of the progress in the five years to 1990 and to extend the scope of the community to include soil deterioration (and dust release) and those beach processes which link with aeolian activity on the coast."

This book addresses ocean wave processes and turbulence as they affect oceanography, meteorology, marine and coastal engineering. It will enable applied mathematicians, seafarers, and all others affected by these phenomena to predict and control wave effects on shipping safety, weather forecasting, offshore structures, sediment pollution, and ice dynamics in polar regions. The focus is on analytical and computational methods for solving equations of motion and studying non-linear aspects of waves and turbulence. Results included show how sudden gusts and winds over waves can modify the mechanisms of wave-breaking and oceanic turbulence.
The book records the proceedings of the Wind Over Waves conference of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications at Churchill College, Cambridge. Co-sponsors with the IMA are the Institute of Civil Engineers and the Royal Meteorological Society.
Addresses ocean wave processes and turbulence as they affect oceanography, meteorology, marine and coastal engineeringFocuses on analytical and computational methods for solving equations of motion and studying non-linear aspects of waves and turbulenceRecords the proceedings of the Wind Over Waves conference of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications at Churchill College, Cambridge

One of the most familiar phenomena on the planet, water waves remain an elusive question for science. The way in which wind blows over water and causes waves is a very active area of research for applied mathematicians, as well as for oceanographers and engineers. The basic mechanisms are still a matter of controversy, although the use of modern techniques of asymptotic and non-linear analysis and large-scale computation, as well as experimental structures, are beginning to reveal the underlying mechanics. These studies are resulting in increasingly powerful methods of forecasting waves and of gauging and controlling their effects on such things as sediment, pollution, and offshore structures. This volume covers the wide range of current research on the relationship between wind and waves and includes contributions from many of the leading authorities in the field.

The Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Edinburgh, includes talks from the 30 plenary speakers who between them covered the gamut of applied mathematics in topics such as superconductivity (S.J. Chapman, Oxford); elastic media (A. Friedman, Minnesota); mathematical modelling of the Internet (F. Kelly, Cambridge); Monte Carlo methods for financial applications (S. Tezuka, IBM Tokyo); liquid turbulence, partial differential equations, discrete optimisation, and computational aspects of all these topics. Speakers J.A. Sethia (Berkeley), J.K. Lenstra (CWI, Amsterdam), R.V. Kohn (Courant Institute, New York), S. Muller (Leipzig, Germany), C. Johnson (Goteborg, Sweden). Also included are summaries of the mini symposia, and details of the prizes. This important summary of topical and applicable mathematics from the world's leaders in the subject is a 'must-have' reference volume for graduate students and researchers interested in applied and computational mathematics.

The articles in this volume, derived from a symposium held at the Newton Institute in Cambridge, examine a number of key questions that have engaged turbulence researchers for many years. Most involve mathematical analysis, but some describe numerical simulations and experimental results that focus on these questions. However, all are addressed to a wide cross-section of the turbulence community, namely mathematicians, engineers and scientists.