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The conception of religion presupposes, a, God as object; b, man as
subject; c, the mutual relation existing between them. According to
the various stages of development which men have reached, religious
belief manifests itself either in the form of a passive feeling of
dependence, where the subject, not yet conscious of his
independence, feels himself wholly overmastered by the deity, or
the object of worship, as by a power outside of and opposed to
himself; or, when the feeling of independence has awakened, in a
one-sided elevation of the human, whereby man in worshiping a deity
deifies himself. In the highest stage of religious development, the
most entire feeling of dependence is united in religion with the
strongest consciousness of personal independence. The first of
these forms is exhibited in the fetich and nature-worship of the
ancient nations; the second in Buddhism, and in the deification of
the human, which reaches its full height among the Greeks.
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