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* Features/Benefits o Provides a hands-on methodological guide and
overview for understanding the data/results of longitudinal
research in SLA/applied linguistics and for conducting one's own
such studies, illustrating these methods with exemplary studies of
language learning outcomes over a long term. o Original reportings
of unique large-scale research studies offer the best one-stop shop
for reading and understanding current quantitative longitudinal
studies in language learning. o Appendices with data and
pedagogical features make it useful for course use by instructors
and students. * Demand/Audience o Meets the need for methodological
clarity in collecting, managing/organizing, and analyzing
quantitative longitudinal data on language learning by offering
students and researchers of applied linguistics, testing, and
education a practical guide to conducting this research along with
unique exemplar studies. * Competition o The only book to focus on
quantitative longitudinal data analysis specifically for an
SLA/applied linguistics readership. One older book focuses on
qualitative and other methods with a narrower focus, and no other
book comes very close to doing what this book does.
In this book the authors examine in depth the lives of inner-city
adolescent mothers, going beyond stereotypes to illuminate the
diverse pathways to young adulthood taken by these young women. The
different ways they respond to becoming a parent reflect a range of
abilities, aspirations, and supports. Their often-creative
solutions to living in poverty, the intensity of their desires to
make their children's lives better, the height of their youthful
ambition when they succeed, and the depth of their pain when they
fail, all show a surprising range. The authors argue that
adolescent mothers who enter young adulthood with the skills and
desires to care for themselves and their children are "not" the
resilient few and present a lengthy analysis of the
multidimensional processes that lead to and characterize this
resilience.
In making constructive suggestions for social welfare policies and
reforms, this book serves as an ideal model of the important uses
of qualitative research for understanding the adolescent
experience. More than that, the book stands out among others by
this social policy perspective and its focus on encouraging
adolescent mothers to reach their potentials.
This volume aims to attract those who wish to learn more about the
adolescent experience without getting lost in the detail of the
methods and analyses. To this end, the main body of the text
presents general methods and results. Scholarly details of the work
are placed in appendices to which the interested reader can refer.
A second highlight is the inclusion of impressionistic material,
such as quotes from the adolescent mothers who were participants in
this research. Such material brings to life the real issues of very
real adolescents--their triumphs and struggles, their riches and
poverty, their strengths and weaknesses.
Authored by current and former physicians at the Mayo Clinic,
Faust's Anesthesiology Review, 6th Edition, is an invaluable review
source for success on exams and in practice. It covers a broad
range of important and timely topics in a succinct, easy-to-read
format, providing the essential information you need to master the
latest advances, procedures, guidelines, and protocols in
anesthesiology. Provides in-depth, yet succinct clinical synopses
of all topic areas found on the ABA/ASA exam, with the perfect
amount of information to ensure exam success. Contains five
new chapters: Principles of Preoperative Evaluation; Anesthesia for
Patients who are Lactating; Peripheral Nerve Blocks of the Anterior
Trunk; Sustainability in Anesthesiology and the Operating Room; and
Anesthesia During a Pandemic. Covers the core knowledge
needed to succeed in today's anesthesiology practice, including
awake craniotomy, non-OR anesthesia (NORA), neuromodulation, using
arterial pressure waveform to derive cardiac output, enhanced
recovery (ERAS) pathways, chemical dependency in anesthesia
personnel, lung transplantation, anesthesia for robotic surgery,
and more. Includes boxes, tables, charts, and graphs
throughout to provide visual guidance and summarize critical
information.   Features concise chapters for
efficient review and effective recall, making this an ideal study
tool for certification, recertification, or as a refresher for
anesthesiology practice. An eBook version is included with
purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures
and references, with the ability to search, customize your content,
make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud.Â
* Features/Benefits o Provides a hands-on methodological guide and
overview for understanding the data/results of longitudinal
research in SLA/applied linguistics and for conducting one's own
such studies, illustrating these methods with exemplary studies of
language learning outcomes over a long term. o Original reportings
of unique large-scale research studies offer the best one-stop shop
for reading and understanding current quantitative longitudinal
studies in language learning. o Appendices with data and
pedagogical features make it useful for course use by instructors
and students. * Demand/Audience o Meets the need for methodological
clarity in collecting, managing/organizing, and analyzing
quantitative longitudinal data on language learning by offering
students and researchers of applied linguistics, testing, and
education a practical guide to conducting this research along with
unique exemplar studies. * Competition o The only book to focus on
quantitative longitudinal data analysis specifically for an
SLA/applied linguistics readership. One older book focuses on
qualitative and other methods with a narrower focus, and no other
book comes very close to doing what this book does.
CasebookPlus Hardbound - New, hardbound print book includes
lifetime digital access to an eBook, with the ability to highlight
and take notes, and 12-month access to a digital Learning Library
that includes self-assessment quizzes tied to this book, leading
study aids, an outline starter, and Gilbert Law Dictionary.
The first edition of Growing Up Fast attempted to counter the
stereotype of poor, minority adolescent mothers and describe the
diversity of their educational, work, parenting, and relationship
experiences. The volume followed a strengths-based approach to
understanding why some mothers appeared resilient to the stresses
of early parenting, compared to their peers, and what obstacles
undermine resiliency for some of these young women. We hear their
stories in their own words. We also see how many disadvantaged
mothers go on to succeed in school, work, and parenting while
avoiding many of the risk associated with teen parenting . The
research is based on a six-year study of 120 young disadvantaged
mothers and their children from New York City. It uniquely combines
the analysis of longitudinal questionnaire data with qualitative
analysis of extensive interviews conducted with these women
focusing on the first six years after their child was born. A past
winner of the Society for Research on Adolescence best book award,
Growing Up Fast is a fascinating study of human resilience that
will continue to be recognized for its contribution to individuals
involved in program development and policymaking with teenage
parenting. A new introductory chapter to the book suggests that we
can look at the previous findings through a new lens that
emphasizes not only the diversity of outcomes for young mothers and
the sources of their strengths, but also asks what we can learn
from these women about supporting their educational and work goals,
as they transition to adulthood. New attention to emerging
adulthood shows that this is a critical stage of life when the
foundations for health and healthy life styles are laid down.
Developmental tasks of this phase include building the capacity for
financial and residential independence through post-secondary
education and job training, and establishing stable sources of
support from parents, romantic partners, and peers for all youth.
Leadbeater addresses the societal changes that make these tasks
particularly salient for young women and focuses attention on how
we can support youth who make this transition with children.
In this book the authors examine in depth the lives of inner-city
adolescent mothers, going beyond stereotypes to illuminate the
diverse pathways to young adulthood taken by these young women. The
different ways they respond to becoming a parent reflect a range of
abilities, aspirations, and supports. Their often-creative
solutions to living in poverty, the intensity of their desires to
make their children's lives better, the height of their youthful
ambition when they succeed, and the depth of their pain when they
fail, all show a surprising range. The authors argue that
adolescent mothers who enter young adulthood with the skills and
desires to care for themselves and their children are not the
resilient few and present a lengthy analysis of the
multidimensional processes that lead to and characterize this
resilience. In making constructive suggestions for social welfare
policies and reforms, this book serves as an ideal model of the
important uses of qualitative research for understanding the
adolescent experience. More than that, the book stands out among
others by this social policy perspective and its focus on
encouraging adolescent mothers to reach their potentials. This
volume aims to attract those who wish to learn more about the
adolescent experience without getting lost in the detail of the
methods and analyses. To this end, the main body of the text
presents general methods and results. Scholarly details of the work
are placed in appendices to which the interested reader can refer.
A second highlight is the inclusion of impressionistic material,
such as quotes from the adolescent mothers who were participants in
this research. Such material brings to life the real issues of very
real adolescents--their triumphs and struggles, their riches and
poverty, their strengths and weaknesses.
A comprehensive review of clinical and exploratory aspects of lung
(LT) and heart-lung transplantation (HLT), this reference focuses
on cumulative data from the International Registry with data on
outcomes associated with LT and HLT worldwide. Collecting in-depth
discussions on graft dysfunction, infectious complications, and
indications of LT for specific disease states including emphysema,
cystic fibrosis, myriad interstitial lung diseases, and pulmonary
hypertension, this guide explores the most current technologies and
best practices affecting lung and heart-lung transplant surgeries.
This wide-ranging volume advances our understanding of law and
empire in the early modern world. Distinguished contributors expose
new dimensions of legal pluralism in the British, French, Spanish,
Portuguese, and Ottoman empires. In-depth analyses probe such
topics as the shifting legal privileges of corporations, the
intertwining of religious and legal thought, and the effects of
clashing legal authorities on sovereignty and subjecthood. Case
studies show how a variety of individuals engage with the law and
shape the contours of imperial rule. The volume reaches from Peru
to New Zealand to Europe to capture the varieties and continuities
of legal pluralism and to probe the analytic power of the concept
of legal pluralism in the comparative study of empires. For legal
scholars, social scientists, and historians, Legal Pluralism and
Empires, 1500-1850 maps new approaches to the study of empires and
the global history of law.
Imperial Panegyric from Diocletian to Honorius examines one of the
most important literatures of the late Roman period - speeches of
praise addressed to the reigning emperor - and the panegyrical
culture of the late Roman world more generally. Unlike much
previous work on this topic, Imperial Panegyric takes a consciously
comparative approach, especially between eastern and western, Greek
and Latin texts. Each contributor draws upon evidence taken from
multiple authors or from different kinds of panegyric in order to
explore both the communal and the particular in this most
idiosyncratic of media. The volume investigates to what extent
there was a unified concept of imperial panegyric, and how local
circumstances shaped individual speeches. It also considers the
ways in which traditional forms of praise-giving respond to
fourth-century phenomena such as the expansion of Christianity,
collegial rulership, and the decline of Rome as the political
centre of the empire. Its contributors include a roster of some of
the most important names in the field of panegyric studies, both
established researchers and the rising stars of the new generation.
Overturns the generally held view that the press gang was the main
means of recruiting seamen by the British navy in the late
eighteenth century. SHORTLISTED for the Society for Nautical
Research's prestigious Anderson Medal. The press gang is generally
regarded as the means by which the British navy solved the problem
of recruiting enough seamen in the late eighteenth century. This
book, however, based on extensive original research conducted
primarily in a large number of ships' muster books, demonstrates
that this view is false. It argues that, in fact, the overwhelming
majority of seamen in the navy were there of their own free will.
Taking a long view across the late eighteenth century but
concentrating on the period of the French Revolutionary and
Napoleonic Wars of 1793-1815, the book provides great detailon the
sort of men that were recruited and the means by which they were
recruited, and includes a number of individuals' stories. It shows
how manpower was a major concern for the Admiralty; how the
Admiralty put in place a rangeof recruitment methods including the
quota system; how it worried about depleting merchant shipping of
sufficient sailors; and how, although most seamen were volunteers,
the press gang was resorted to, especially during the initial
mobilisation at the beginning of wars and to find certain kinds of
particularly skilled seamen. The book also makes comparisons with
recruitment methods employed by the navies of other countries and
by the British army. J. ROSS DANCY is Director of Graduate Studies
in History and Assistant Professor of History at Sam Houston State
University
In A Right to Lie?, legal scholar Catherine J. Ross addresses the
urgent issue of whether the nation's highest officers, including
the president, have a right to lie under the Speech Clause, no
matter what damage their falsehoods cause. Does freedom of
expression protect even factual falsehoods? If so, are lies by
candidates and public officials protected? And is there a
constitutional path, without violating the First Amendment, to stop
a president whose persistent lies endanger our lives and our
democracy? Perhaps counter-intuitively, the general answer to each
question is "yes." Drawing from dramatic court cases about
defamers, proponents of birtherism, braggarts, and office holders,
Ross reveals the almost insurmountable constitutional and practical
obstacles to legal efforts to rein in public deception. She
explains the rules that govern the treatment of lies, while also
demonstrating the incalculable damage presidential mendacity may
lead to, as revealed in President Trump's lies about the COVID-19
pandemic and the legitimacy of the 2020 election. Falsehoods have
been at issue in every presidential impeachment proceeding from
Nixon to Trump. But, until now, no one has analyzed why public lies
might be impeachable offenses, and whether the First Amendment
would provide a defense. Noting that speech by public employees
does not receive the same First Amendment protection as the speech
of ordinary citizens, Ross proposes the constitutionally viable
solution of treating presidents as public employees who work for
the people. Charged with oversight of the Executive, Congress
may-and should-put future presidents on notice that material lies
to the public on substantial matters will be deemed a "high crime
and misdemeanor" subject to censure and even impeachment. A Right
to Lie? explains how this approach could work if the political will
were in place.
Stress-induced myocardial ischemia is a frequent manifestation of
coronary heart disease, and sympathetic activation is an important
precipitating and aggravating factor in such stress- induced
ischemia. However, the complex interplay between the sympathetic
initiation of myocardial ischemia, ischemia-induced alterations in
sympathetic neurotransmission, as well as changes in adrenoceptor
density and post-receptor signal transduction that can occur during
ischemia remains incompletely understood. Not only the activation
of myocardial fJ- adrenoceptors, but also the activation of
coronary IX-adrenoceptors can contribute to myocar- dial ischemia.
However, the role of fJ-adrenoceptor-mediated increases in
contractility relative to heart rate in the initiation of ischemia
is not clear, and the significance of IX-adrenoceptor- mediated
changes in coronary vasomotor tone, as well as the responsible
IX-adrenoceptor subtypes are highly controversial. Malignant
arrhythmias may be triggered by both IX- and fJ-adrenergic
mechanisms. Current research in this field is focussed not only on
the underlying physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms, but
also on clinical treatment strategies, e. g. , by fJ-blockade,
IX-blockade, bradycardic agents and calcium antagonists. Recent
findings were presented and future research directions discussed
during the 61" International Titisee Conference, held at the
Schwarzwald-Hotel, Titisee, March 29-31, 1990 under the sponsorship
of the Boehringer Ingelheim Foundation. Dr. Hasso Schroeder and Dr.
Hermann Frohlich deserve special thanks for their generous support
and pleasant organization of the meeting. The publication of the
proceedings has been made possible by grants from Astra Chemicals,
Bayer, ICI, Dr. Karl Thomae, and Upjohn.
r-------------{ Environment (Disease) Fig. 1. A schematic
presentation of the interplay between the external environment,
pathogen and animal, which influences resistance to infectious
disease. Disturbance in equilibrium results in infection and
disease skin and the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract.
These tissues are in contact with the environment, and direct
injury to them facilitate entry of pathogenic microorganisms
through these important natural barriers. Sunburn and frostbite are
examples of such adverse effects. Climatic factors such as heat and
cold may also act as physiological stress factors which affect the
specific and non-specific responses of the body to infection. 1.1.2
Pathogen Survival Climatic factors may affect dispersal, spread and
survival of pathogenic micro organisms in the environment. This is
also true for arthropod vectors such as mosquitos and ticks (Smith
1970; Ferguson and Branagan 1972). The density of the animal
population is an important factor determining the concentration of
patho gens in the environment. Population density can be influenced
by weather condi tions, as animals respond to heat and cold by
typical changes in behaviour. For example, in cold weather they
tend to huddle together. This behaviour results in increased
population density, which in turn involves an increased risk of the
spread of airborne infections."
Media are objects with content and character that we describe using
in- phrases: in the story, in the picture, in the movie, in the
dream... Like the propositional attitudes, these objects present a
variety of hard problems for semantic and philosophical analysis.
The Semantics of Media is an organized exploration of fundamental
questions in the semantics of media. The first three chapters set
out a straightforward model within the possible-worlds framework,
and consider how it might account for a range of notions applying
to media generally: implicit vs. explicit content, propositional
vs. individual content, causal vs. intentional content and the idea
of a single World of the Medium. The final three chapters examine
ways of elaborating the model to cover a range of phenomena keyed
to the functionality of particular forms of media. Chapter Four is
a discussion of fiction and our apparent reference to fictional
characters. Chapter Five deals with the phenomenon of viewpoint in
pictorial media. Chapter Six is a study of interactions between
users and characters of media centering on the puzzling case of
seeing in films. The Semantics of Media will be of interest to
specialists in the fields of linguistics, philosophy and
communications.
Non-Linear Estimation is a handbook for the practical statistician
or modeller interested in fitting and interpreting non-linear
models with the aid of a computer. A major theme of the book is the
use of 'stable parameter systems'; these provide rapid convergence
of optimization algorithms, more reliable dispersion matrices and
confidence regions for parameters, and easier comparison of rival
models. The book provides insights into why some models are
difficult to fit, how to combine fits over different data sets, how
to improve data collection to reduce prediction variance, and how
to program particular models to handle a full range of data sets.
The book combines an algebraic, a geometric and a computational
approach, and is illustrated with practical examples. A final
chapter shows how this approach is implemented in the author's
Maximum Likelihood Program, MLP.
Integrating Graphics and Vision for Object Recognition serves as a
reference for electrical engineers and computer scientists
researching computer vision or computer graphics. Computer graphics
and computer vision can be viewed as different sides of the same
coin. In graphics, algorithms are given knowledge about the world
in the form of models, cameras, lighting, etc., and infer (or
render) an image of a scene. In vision, the process is the exact
opposite: algorithms are presented with an image, and infer (or
interpret) the configuration of the world. This work focuses on
using computer graphics to interpret camera images: using iterative
rendering to predict what should be visible by the camera and then
testing and refining that hypothesis. Features of the book include:
Many illustrations to supplement the text; A novel approach to the
integration of graphics and vision; Genetic algorithms for vision;
Innovations in closed loop object recognition. Integrating Graphics
and Vision for Object Recognition will be of interest to research
scientists and practitioners working in fields related to the
topic. It may also be used as an advanced-level graduate text.
Overturns the generally held view that the press gang was the main
means of recruiting seamen by the British navy in the late
eighteenth century. SHORTLISTED for the Society for Nautical
Research's prestigious Anderson Medal. The press gang is generally
regarded as the means by which the British navy solved the problem
of recruiting enough seamen in the late eighteenth century. This
book, however, based on extensive original research conducted
primarily in a large number of ships' muster books, demonstrates
that this view is false. It argues that, in fact, the overwhelming
majority of seamen in the navy were there of their own free will.
Taking a long view across the late eighteenth century but
concentrating on the period of the French Revolutionary and
Napoleonic Wars of 1793-1815, the book provides great detail on the
sort of men that were recruited and the means by which they were
recruited, and includes a number of individuals' stories. It shows
how manpower was a major concern for the Admiralty; how the
Admiralty put in place a range of recruitment methods including the
quota system; how it worried about depleting merchant shipping of
sufficient sailors; and how, although most seamen were volunteers,
the press gang was resorted to, especially during the initial
mobilisation at the beginning of wars and to find certain kinds of
particularly skilled seamen. The book also makes comparisons with
recruitment methods employed by the navies of other countries and
by the British army. J. Ross Dancy is Assistant Professor of
History at Sam Houston State University.
Integrating Graphics and Vision for Object Recognition serves as a
reference for electrical engineers and computer scientists
researching computer vision or computer graphics. Computer graphics
and computer vision can be viewed as different sides of the same
coin. In graphics, algorithms are given knowledge about the world
in the form of models, cameras, lighting, etc., and infer (or
render) an image of a scene. In vision, the process is the exact
opposite: algorithms are presented with an image, and infer (or
interpret) the configuration of the world. This work focuses on
using computer graphics to interpret camera images: using iterative
rendering to predict what should be visible by the camera and then
testing and refining that hypothesis. Features of the book include:
Many illustrations to supplement the text; A novel approach to the
integration of graphics and vision; Genetic algorithms for vision;
Innovations in closed loop object recognition. Integrating Graphics
and Vision for Object Recognition will be of interest to research
scientists and practitioners working in fields related to the
topic. It may also be used as an advanced-level graduate text.
Media are objects with content and character that we describe using
in- phrases: in the story, in the picture, in the movie, in the
dream... Like the propositional attitudes, these objects present a
variety of hard problems for semantic and philosophical analysis.
The Semantics of Media is an organized exploration of fundamental
questions in the semantics of media. The first three chapters set
out a straightforward model within the possible-worlds framework,
and consider how it might account for a range of notions applying
to media generally: implicit vs. explicit content, propositional
vs. individual content, causal vs. intentional content and the idea
of a single World of the Medium. The final three chapters examine
ways of elaborating the model to cover a range of phenomena keyed
to the functionality of particular forms of media. Chapter Four is
a discussion of fiction and our apparent reference to fictional
characters. Chapter Five deals with the phenomenon of viewpoint in
pictorial media. Chapter Six is a study of interactions between
users and characters of media centering on the puzzling case of
seeing in films. The Semantics of Media will be of interest to
specialists in the fields of linguistics, philosophy and
communications.
American public schools often censor controversial student speech
that the Constitution protects. Lessons in Censorship brings
clarity to a bewildering array of court rulings that define the
speech rights of young citizens in the school setting. Catherine J.
Ross examines disputes that have erupted in our schools and courts
over the civil rights movement, war and peace, rights for LGBTs,
abortion, immigration, evangelical proselytizing, and the
Confederate flag. She argues that the failure of schools to respect
civil liberties betrays their educational mission and threatens
democracy. From the 1940s through the Warren years, the Supreme
Court celebrated free expression and emphasized the role of schools
in cultivating liberty. But the Burger, Rehnquist, and Roberts
courts retreated from that vision, curtailing certain categories of
student speech in the name of order and authority. Drawing on
hundreds of lower court decisions, Ross shows how some judges
either misunderstand the law or decline to rein in censorship that
is clearly unconstitutional, and she powerfully demonstrates the
continuing vitality of the Supreme Court's initial affirmation of
students' expressive rights. Placing these battles in their social
and historical context, Ross introduces us to the young protesters,
journalists, and artists at the center of these stories. Lessons in
Censorship highlights the troubling and growing tendency of schools
to clamp down on off-campus speech such as texting and sexting and
reveals how well-intentioned measures to counter verbal bullying
and hate speech may impinge on free speech. Throughout, Ross
proposes ways to protect free expression without disrupting
education.
Imperial Panegyric from Diocletian to Honorius examines one of the
most important literatures of the late Roman period - speeches of
praise addressed to the reigning emperor - and the panegyrical
culture of the late Roman world more generally. Unlike much
previous work on this topic, Imperial Panegyric takes a consciously
comparative approach, especially between eastern and western, Greek
and Latin texts. Each contributor draws upon evidence taken from
multiple authors or from different kinds of panegyric in order to
explore both the communal and the particular in this most
idiosyncratic of media. The volume investigates to what extent
there was a unified concept of imperial panegyric, and how local
circumstances shaped individual speeches. It also considers the
ways in which traditional forms of praise-giving respond to
fourth-century phenomena such as the expansion of Christianity,
collegial rulership, and the decline of Rome as the political
centre of the empire. Its contributors include a roster of some of
the most important names in the field of panegyric studies, both
established researchers and the rising stars of the new generation.
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