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sicht des Herausgebers der Schriftenreihe, auf dem Die Herausgeber
des Welt-Seuchen-Atlas der Heidel- Grenzgebiet zwischen Medizin und
Geographie zu berger Akademie der Wissenschaften, Ernst Roden-
weiteren Forschungen anzuregen, gerecht werden. waldt und Helmut J.
Jusatz, haben die Schriftenreihe "Medizinische Landerkunde" als
eine Fortsetzung und Die Bearbeitung des geographischen Teiles hat
in Erganzung ihres Werkes vor nunmehr 10 Jahren kon- dankenswerter
Weise Herr Professor Dr. W. Kuls, zipiert. Der Verfasser ist dem
Wunsche des verstorbenen Direktor des Geographischen Instituts der
Universitat Begrtinders dieser Schriftenreihe, Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c.
Bonn, tibernommen. Ais guter Kenner Athiopiens hat Ernst
Rodenwaldt, die Bearbeitung Athiopiens zu tiber- Prof. Kuls aus
eigener Anschauung und Landeskenntnis nehmen, urn so bereitwilliger
nachgekommen, als er die mit einer Medizinischen Landerkunde im
Zusammen- selbst die nach 12jahrigem Aufenthalt in Athiopien ge-
hang stehenden medizinischen Probleme kennenlernen sammelten
Erfahrungen und gemachten Beobachtungen konnen. Diese so wertvollen
Erfahrungen haben ihren unter Berticksichtigung des inzwischen
erschienen Niederschlag in der Bearbeitung des geographischen
Schrifttums auszuwerten gedachte. Teiles gefunden. Ein besonderer
Dank gilt ihm ftir die Der bis zur V ollendung des Bandes eher
unbeab- Ausarbeitung der Kartenbeilagen tiber Klima, Vegeta-
sichtigt verstrichene lange Zeitraum hat sich letzten tion'
Geologie, Wirtschaft, Mineralquellen.
rope it was mainly the states of the northern and centrat European
areas which succeeded in achieving the extermi nation or at least
the regression of brucellosis. (The origi nal plan to present the
conditions in Asia and Oceania, in cluding Australia, in maps as
weil, and thereby to achieve a comprehensive worldwide review of
the known and as certainable distribution of brucellosis, was not,
however, practicable. ) Information available from these parts of
the world, especially from Asia, is so fragmentary that the great
expense required for the compilation of the map did not seem
justified. On the other hand it seemed desirable to collate and
document these data which had been ac quired as a basis for future
research. It is tobe hoped that, at a later date, when more
comprehensive data become available, the Heidelberg Academy will be
able to decide to support a cartographic presentation of the
occurrence of brucellosis in these parts of the world as weil.
Last, but not least, the intensive research carried out by
bacteriologists had led to the discovery of new species of
Brucella, such as B. ovis, B. canis and B. neotomae. Further types
- such as Type 4 of B. suis which occurs in reindeer and caribou -
were identified. Though these new species and types, which are
undoubtedly to be classed with the brucellae, have achieved
regional significance in places, the three dassie species B.
melitensis, B. abortus and B."
In dem Jahrzehnt von 1952 bis 1961 ist in der Geo- ben einen
statischen Charakter, sie lassen sich nicht zur Be- medizinischen
Forschungsstelle der Heidelberger Aka- antwortung der
Fragestellungen der Geomedizin verwen- demie der Wissenschaften in
Heidelberg der Welt-Seuchen- den, die eine Erklarung der regionalen
Unterschiede und Atlas bearbeitet worden. Zum ersten Male wurde der
eine Prognose der weiteren Gefahrung zum Ziele haben. Versuch
gemacht, mit Hilfe der medizinischen Karto- Krankheiten haben nicht
nur eine Geschichte, sondern graphie Korrelationen zwischen dem
Vorkommen von ihr Vorkommen und ihre Verbreitung auf der Erde
Infektionskrankheiten, der Verbreitung ihrer Ubertrager ist auch
raumlich differenziert. Eine Geographie der Krankheiten ist daher
wissenschaftstheoretisch ebenso und Geofaktoren, die eine
seuchenhafte Ausbreitung her- vorrufen oder fordern, in Weltkarten
und Kontinentkar- gerechtfertigt wie eine Geschichte der Medizin
als ein ten sichtbar zu machen. Dieses Kartenwerk sollte eine
besonderes Teilgebiet der medizinischen Wissenschaft. Information
uber den Stand der Seuchenverbreitung in Eine ganze Reihe von
Krankheiten tragen sogar geo- graphische Herkunftsbezeichnungen,
wie z. B. Indische der Welt bis zur Mitte unseres Jahrhunderts
geben, dem Unterricht dienen und zur weiteren geomedizinischen
Cholera, Asiatische Grippe, Mittelmeerfieber, Felsenge- Forschung
anregen. Bei vielen Seuchen mussten aber erst birgsfieber u. a.
On the occasion of a research visit to Thailand in my capacity as a
member of the governing board of the South Asia Institute of the
University of Heidelberg, I saw for the first time the severe
clinical picture of dengue with haemorrhagic symptoms among Thai
children. This visit had been made possible by Profes sor Dr. med.
Dr. rer. nat. Ouay Ketusinh of Bangkok, to whom I wish to express
my sincere thanks in this place. In 1972 the German medical
literature - the periodical Medizinische Klinik, vol. 87, pp.
152-56, to be precise - had drawn attention to this new phenomenon
in the disease panorama of South East Asia, indicating a change in
dengue fever from being a relatively benign tropical dis ease to a
form having serious clinical and epidemiological ramifications.
During the ten years following my first publication the new
clinical picture, described as "dengue haemorrhagic fever," has
become a standard component in the Thailand's system of notifiable
diseases. So too, the World Health Orga nization publishes regular
reports in its Weekly Records. On March 30/31, 1981, its Regional
Office for South East Asia convened a special conference in New
Delhi, thus emphasizing the significance of the diffusion of this
new clini cal picture in the states of South East Asia."
For medical scientists, biologists and geographers interest- ed in
geomedical problems the helminthiases can be a fas- cinating object
of research. Their distribution is due to the in part very
complicated parasite life cycles which fre- quently depend on the
presence of intermediate hosts. The search for the causes of the
distribution of helminthiases requires to take into account not
only such geofactors as affect the parasite developmental stages
outside man but go beyond this and include the entire web of
factors which contribute to the conditions for the distribution of
their in- termediate hosts. Last, but by no means least, it is,
however, man who through his customs and habits, his settlements
and dwellings, his population density and, above all, his
interference in the environment, determines the distri- bution of
helminthiases. The frequency, persistence and areal expansions are
a consequence of the interplay and in- teraction of all the
geofactors. The aim of every geomedi- cal analysis must be to prove
the causes of their distri- bution through a chain of causation
which has no gaps. A classic example of such a chain had already
been set out in the 1920s when Ernst Rodenwaldt investigated the
occur- rence of brugiasis in the Serajoe Delta on Java, and it is
Rodenwaldt's analysis which has served as a model for this work.
The idea of producing the monograph presented here arose from the
Geomedical Monograph Series edited by Helmut 1. Jusatz.
municable Disease Control, Dr. Itotia, Director of the The
geomedical monograph on Kenya continues the National Public Health
Laboratories, Dr. J. M. D. Ro series of Regional Studies in
Geographical Medicine berts, Head of the Division of Vector-Borne
Diseases, founded by Ernst Rodenwaldt in 1965, which may be
considered as supplementing the World Atlas of Epidem and to Mr.
Ted Abukuse, Chief Statistician at the Minis ic Diseases of the
Heidelberg Academy of Sciences. Since try of Health, Nairobi. The
authors offer their particular thanks for support the appearance of
the first volume in 1967 the series has and valuable suggestions to
Dr. 1. C. Vogel, formerly been edited by Helmut]. Jusatz under the
aegis of the Professor of Community Health in the Medical Faculty
Mathematical and Natural Sciences Class of the Heidel berg Academy
of Sciences. at the University of Nairobi and member of the Royal
The authors wish to express their thanks to the edi Tropical
Institute, Amsterdam. Thanks are due to the Survey of Kenya for
their willingness to allow the au tor for his suggestion that they
should undertake this thors to reproduce some maps in the National
Atlas of kind of teamwork, and to acknowledge with gratitude Kenya.
The authors extend their thanks to their col the manner in which
Professor Jusatz ensured the most league, Professor S. H."
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