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Die reeks is volgens die Nasionale Kurrikulum- en Assesserings
beleidsverklaring (“CAPS”) geskryf. ’n Moontlike werkskedule is
ingesluit. Elke hoofstuk begin met ’n oorsig van wat onderrig word
en die hulpbronne wat jy benodig. Daar is advies oor die
voorgestelde pas wat jou sal help om die hele jaar se werk betyds
af te handel. Ons gee by elke onderwerp raad oor hoe om konsepte
bekend te stel en hoe om leerders met steierwerk voor te berei en
te ondersteun. Al die antwoorde word gegee; jy bespaar dus tyd
omdat jy nie die oefeninge self hoef uit te werk nie. ’n
Volkleurplakkaat en ’n CD propvol hulpbronne is ook ingesluit om
jou met onderrig en assessering te help. Addisionele voorbeeldvrae,
toetse of assesserings take, wat jy kan kopieer, sal jou help om
jou leerders effektief te assesseer.
The series was written to be aligned with CAPS. A possible work
schedule has been included. Each topic start with an overview of
what is taught, and the resources you need. There is advice on
pave-setting to assist you in completing the work for the year on
time. Advice on how to introduce concepts and scaffold learning is
given for every topic. All the answers have been given to save you
time doing the exercises yourself. Also included are a full-colour
poster and CD filled with resources to assist you in your teaching
and assessment.
Spesifiek geskryf om aan al die vereistes van die nasionale
Kurrikulum- en Assessering beleidsverklaring (KABV) te voldoen.
Sleutelterme word in rooi gedruk as dit vir die eerste keer
verskyn. ’n Lys van hierdie terme word ook in rooi aan die begin
van elke eenheid of hoofstuk gelys. Nuwe woorde is in blou en word
in die kantlyn verduidelik. Aktiwiteite help leerders om te
verstaan wat hulle geleer het. 'n Opsomming aan die einde van elke
onderwerp help leerders studeer. Die Formele Assesserings taak
(FAT) blokkie bevat take wat leerders voorberei vir die wat in die
klas voltooi moet word. Vrae aan die einde van elke onderwerp help
leerders met hersiening. ‘n Voorbeeld van ‘n eksamenvraestel aan
die einde van die boek sal leerders ook help oefen en leer oor
alles wat hulle nodig het om te weet. Gratis studiegids.
The subject of geomagnetic micropulsations has developed extremely
rapidly and it is difficult to know when is an appropriate time to
pause and assess the sum total of our knowledge-both observational
and theoretical. There has in recent years been a tremendous
increase in both the quantity and quality of data and also many
theoretical ad vances in our understanding of the phenomenon.
Undoubtedly there will be further progress in both areas but it
seems worthwhile now to review both our knowledge and our
ignorance. This book was essen tially completed by the end of April
1969 and tries to give a summary of the subject up to that time.
The Earth is enclosed in the magnetosphere, a hollow carved out of
the solar wind by the Earth's magnetic field. Above the ionosphere
there is a very tenuous thermal plasma of partially ionized
hydrogen in diffusive equilibrium with magnetic and gravitational
forces, and ener getic protons and electrons that constitute the
trapped Van Allen ra diation belts. Throughout this anisotropic and
inhomogeneous plasma, natural and man-made electromagnetic energy
propagates in a wide variety of modes and frequency bands. This
book is concerned with that class of natural signals called
geomagnetic micropulsations-short period (usually of the order of
seconds or minutes) fluctuations of the Earth's magnetic field.
Plate tectonic theory has revolutionized the study of the history
of our planet. It is now becoming increasingly apparent that
processes deep within the Earth's mantle and core strongly
influence plate movements, and it is to these processes that the
author addresses himself. Having discussed the origin, composition,
structure and physical properties of the Earth, the book turns to
discuss the key role that interactions between the mantle and core
play in magmatic and tectonic processes. Other important issues
discussed are the nature and existence of mantle plumes and
convection cells, and the similarities and differences of tectonic
processes on other planets in the solar system. These and other
questions are discussed in the context of the Earth's origins, its
chemistry and its physics. All geophysicists and geologists
concerned with earth evolution and plate tectonics should find much
of interest in this book.
A guide to environmental and communication issues related to
fracking and the best approach to protect communities Environmental
Considerations Associated with Hydraulic Fracturing Operations
offers a much-needed resource that explores the complex challenges
of fracking by providing an understanding of the environmental and
communication issues that are inherent with hydraulic fracturing.
The book balances the current scientific knowledge with the
uncertainty and risks associated with hydraulic fracking. In
addition, the authors offer targeted approaches for helping to keep
communities safe. The authors include an overview of the historical
development of hydraulic fracturing and the technology currently
employed. The book also explores the risk, prevention, and
mitigation factors that are associated with fracturing. The authors
also include legal cases, regulatory issues, and data on the cost
of recovery. The volume presents audit checklists for gathering
critical information and documentation to support the reliability
of the current environmental conditions related to fracking
operations and the impact fracking can have on a community. This
vital resource: Contains the technical information and mitigation
recommendations for safety and environmental issues related to
hydraulic fracturing Offers an historical overview of conventional
and unconventional oil and gas drilling Explains the geologic and
technical issues associated with fracking of tight sand and shale
formulations Presents numerous case studies from the United States
EPA and other agencies Discusses issues of co-produced waste water
and induced seismicity from the injection of wastewater Written for
environmental scientists, geologists, engineers, regulators, city
planners, attorneys, foresters, wildlife biologists, and others,
Environmental Considerations Associated with Hydraulic Fracturing
Operations offers a comprehensive resource to the complex
environmental and communication issues related to fracking.
Provides the tools needed to analyze and solve acid drainage
problems
Featuring contributions from leading experts in science and
engineering, this book explores the complex biogeochemistry of acid
mine drainage, rock drainage, and acid sulfate soils. It describes
how to predict, prevent, and remediate the environmental impact of
acid drainage and the oxidation of sulfides, offering the latest
sampling and analytical methods. Moreover, readers will discover
new approaches for recovering valuable resources from acid mine
drainage, including bioleaching.
"Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate Soils"
reviews the most current findings in the field, offering new
insights into the underlying causes as well as new tools to
minimize the harm of acid drainage: Part I: "Causes of Acid Mine
Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils" focuses on the
biogeochemistry of acid drainage in different environments.Part II:
"Assessment of Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils"
covers stream characterization, aquatic and biological sampling,
evaluation of aquatic resources, and some unusual aspects of
sulfide oxidation.Part III: "Prediction and Prevention of Acid
Drainage" discusses acid-base accounting, kinetic testing, block
modeling, petrology, and mineralogy studies. It also explains
relevant policy and regulations.Part IV: "Remediation of Acid
Drainage, Rock Drainage and Sulfate Soils" examines both passive
and active cleanup methods to remediate acid drainage.
Case studies from a variety of geologic settings highlight
various approaches to analyzing and solving acid drainage problems.
Replete with helpful appendices and an extensive list of web
resources, "Acid Mine Drainage, Rock Drainage, and Acid Sulfate
Soils" is recommended for mining engineers and scientists,
regulatory officials, environmental scientists, land developers,
and students.
By measuring the direction and intensity of magnetism in rocks of
different ages, a record of the Earth's magnetic field in the past
can be obtained. This 1994 book deals with the particular case of
reversals of the Earth's magnetic field. These have played a major
role in the development of plate tectonics and in establishing a
geological time scale. The magnetism of rocks is discussed in some
detail with a warning of possible misinterpretations of the record.
Observational results and theories are reviewed with special
attention to the structure and geometry of the transition field.
Changing conditions at the core-mantle boundary, their effect on
reversals, the generation of plumes and the possible correlation of
reversals with tectonic changes, ice ages or mass extinctions are
thoroughly discussed, including suggested periodicities in the
reversal record and in other geophysical data.
By measuring the direction and intensity of magnetism in rocks of
different ages, a record of the Earth's magnetic field in the past
can be obtained. This 1994 book deals with the particular case of
reversals of the Earth's magnetic field. These have played a major
role in the development of plate tectonics and in establishing a
geological time scale. The magnetism of rocks is discussed in some
detail with a warning of possible misinterpretations of the record.
Observational results and theories are reviewed with special
attention to the structure and geometry of the transition field.
Changing conditions at the core-mantle boundary, their effect on
reversals, the generation of plumes and the possible correlation of
reversals with tectonic changes, ice ages or mass extinctions are
thoroughly discussed, including suggested periodicities in the
reversal record and in other geophysical data.
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