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The fifth Oxford Conference was held on September 17th-19th, 1991,
at the Fuji Institute of Training in Japan -the first time that the
meeting has taken place in the Asian area. The facts that only a
relatively few Japanese had attended previous Oxford Conferences
and that Japan is far from other regions with possible participants
made the organizers anticipate a small attendance at the meeting.
However, contrary to our expectations, 198 active members (72
foreign and 126 domestic participants) submitted 146 papers from 15
countries. This was far beyond our preliminary estimate and could
have caused problems in providing accommodation for the
participants and in programming their scientific presentations.
These difficulties, however, were successfully overcome by using
nearby hotels, by telecasting presentations into a second lecture
room and by displaying a substantial number of poster presentations
during the whole period of the meeting. The meeting had two types
of sessions: regular and current topics. The first paper in each
session represented a shon overview or introduction so as to make
it easier for the audience to comprehend the problems at issue.
Because of the large number of papers submitted, carefully selected
speakers (mostly well-known scholars) made excellent presentations
that were followed by lively discussions. In this way, the
conference laid a foundation on which to base its continued
scientific success.
This series of concise essays on Enteroceptors is designed to
interest the gradu ate student and to stimulate research. Even
before the advent of electrophysiological studies, classical
physiological techniques had shown the essence of the role of many
of the enteroceptors. Thus the monitoring influence of the
cardiovascular mechanoreceptors on the heart and on the systemic
vascular resistance, the role of the arterial chemoreceptors in
hypoxia and the influence of the so-called Hering Breuer stretch
receptors on breathing had all been documented. The pioneering work
of ADRIAN, BRONK, ZOTTERMAN and others using electroneurographic
methods gave a remarkable impetus to the study of the enteroceptors
themselves. Nowhere is this better exemplificd than in the case of
the afferent end organs of the heart, the respiratory tract and the
abdominal and pelvic viscera. The remarkable development of our
knowledge of the multiplicity of types of nerve endings from the
thoracic and abdominal viscera acquired from electrophysiological
studies has refocussed our attention on the histological details of
the sites of such receptors. Once more research on the structural
side has been accelerated by the question raised by evidence
obtained from functional studies. This is well illustrated in the
case of the carotid body, where the long cherished belief that the
innervated epithelioid cells constitute the chemoreceptor complex
is now under attack. The detailed consideration of the functional
characteristics of each entero ceptor considered has not occupied
our whole attention."
The fifth Oxford Conference was held on September 17th-19th, 1991,
at the Fuji Institute of Training in Japan -the first time that the
meeting has taken place in the Asian area. The facts that only a
relatively few Japanese had attended previous Oxford Conferences
and that Japan is far from other regions with possible participants
made the organizers anticipate a small attendance at the meeting.
However, contrary to our expectations, 198 active members (72
foreign and 126 domestic participants) submitted 146 papers from 15
countries. This was far beyond our preliminary estimate and could
have caused problems in providing accommodation for the
participants and in programming their scientific presentations.
These difficulties, however, were successfully overcome by using
nearby hotels, by telecasting presentations into a second lecture
room and by displaying a substantial number of poster presentations
during the whole period of the meeting. The meeting had two types
of sessions: regular and current topics. The first paper in each
session represented a shon overview or introduction so as to make
it easier for the audience to comprehend the problems at issue.
Because of the large number of papers submitted, carefully selected
speakers (mostly well-known scholars) made excellent presentations
that were followed by lively discussions. In this way, the
conference laid a foundation on which to base its continued
scientific success.
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