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Are Amazon Alexa and Google Home limited to our bedrooms, or can
they be used in hospitals? Do you envision a future where
physicians work hand-in-hand with voice AI to revolutionize
healthcare delivery? In the near future, clinical smart assistants
will be able to automate many manual hospital tasks-and this will
be only the beginning of the changes to come. Voice AI is the
future of physician-machine interaction and this Focus book
provides invaluable insight on its next frontier. It begins with a
brief history and current implementations of voice-activated
assistants and illustrates why clinical voice AI is at its
inflection point. Next, it describes how the authors built the
world's first smart surgical assistant using an off-the-shelf smart
home device, outlining the implementation process in the operating
room. From quantitative metrics to surgeons' feedback, the authors
discuss the feasibility of this technology in the surgical setting.
The book then provides an in-depth development guideline for
engineers and clinicians desiring to develop their own smart
surgical assistants. Lastly, the authors delve into their
experiences in translating voice AI into the clinical setting and
reflect on the challenges and merits of this pursuit. The world's
first smart surgical assistant has not only reduced surgical time
but eliminated major touch points in the operating room, resulting
in positive, significant implications for patient outcomes and
surgery costs. From clinicians eager for insight on the next
digital health revolution to developers interested in building the
next clinical voice AI, this book offers a guide for both
audiences.
This book covers state-of-the-art topics on the practical
implementation of Spoken Dialog Systems and intelligent assistants
in everyday applications. It presents scientific achievements in
language processing that result in the development of successful
applications and addresses general issues regarding the advances in
Spoken Dialog Systems with applications in robotics, knowledge
access and communication. Emphasis is placed on the following
topics: speaker/language recognition, user modeling / simulation,
evaluation of dialog system, multi-modality / emotion recognition
from speech, speech data mining, language resource and databases,
machine learning for spoken dialog systems and educational and
healthcare applications.
It is well accepted that progress in biological and biochemical
researches is based mainly on a better understanding of life
processes on a molecular level. For this, modern chemical
techniques for structural elucidation even of sophisticated
biomolecules and theoretical and mechanistic considerations
involving biological macromolecules help the understanding of
structure-function relations, metabolic processes, molecular and
cellular recognition and the reproduction of life. On the other
hand, controlled manipulation of the struc ture of biological
macromolecules and the synthesis of well designed biomimetic models
are the basic tools used in bio organic chemistry, a field at the
-border line between classical biochemistry and classical organic
chemistry. For this, increas ing number of chemists and biochemists
are studying simple synthetic molecules as models of enzyme action,
ion transport across membranes and in general receptor-substrate
inter action. This new series, Bioorganic Chemistry Frontiers, will
at tempt to bring together critical reviews on the progress in this
field. In this second volume of the series, six different active
domains are covered and are presented to stress the diversity and
scope of bioorganic chemistry. They include the design of
artificial nucleases (Corey, Zuckermann, and Schultz), molecu lar
tweezers (Zimmerman), hydrolytic cleavage with metal complexes
(Chin, Banaszczyk, Jubian, Kim, and Maejen), dif ferent aspects of
molecular recognition (Hamilton), supramole cular assemblies and
functional models of membranes and enzymes (Murakami and Kikuchi)
and the concept ofmolecu lar topology (Sauvage and Dietrich). Each
subject uses a "molecular" language common to the chemist, the
biologist, and the pharmacologist."
The superconductivity of MgB2 has been hidden for nearly 50 years
although it has the highest Tc among the intermetallics
superconductors. Beside the high Tc, simple crystal structure,
large coherence length, high critical field, transparency of grain
boundaries to current flow and low normal state resistivity MgB2 is
a fascinating topic to study for both large scale application and
electronic devices. Moreover, the presence of two-gap
superconductivity (d and o band) has been theoretically and
experimentally established. However, critical current density of
pristine MgB2 drops rapidly in the high magnetic field due to the
weak pinning centres and low upper critical field. During the past
three years, novel techniques and developments for fabrication of
useable MgB2 have been reported, including chemical alloying,
irradiation, thermo-mechanical processing techniques and magnetic
shielding to improve the critical density, upper critical field and
the irreversibility field. Among the studies, atomic substitution,
especially using nano-particles, may help in clarification of the
superconductivity mechanism thus making it appropriate for
practical application. On the other hand, the momentum of enhancing
flux pinning using chemical doping is moving to a positive side.
Nano-SiC powder is well known for effective improvement of the
critical current density. In this book, a brief introduction of
superconductivity in MgB2 is introduced. Further, the basic
electronic and magnetic properties of the MgB2 as well as its
crystal structure are reviewed. The authors also discuss the
preparation method that has been well developed for experimentation
on MgB2. Along with that, they review the experimental results of
the chemical alloying on MgB2, particularly on the critical current
density. In addition, the future prospects of MgB2 and developments
for applications in the current superconductivity market are given.
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